向量旋转算法

向量旋转，即循环移位。以下是《编程珠玑》所示的算法。

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#define _USE_MATH_DEFINES
#include <math.h>
#include <windows.h>
using namespace std;

int gcd(int m, int n)
{
    if(m < n){
        swap(m, n);
    }

    while( n > 0){
        m = m % n;
        swap(m, n);
    }
    return m;
}

void ShiftLeft(char* pStr, int iNum)
{
    int len = strlen(pStr);
    for (int i = 0; i < gcd(iNum, len); i++)
    {
        char tmp = pStr[i];
        int j = i;
        do
        {
            int iNext = (j + iNum) % len;
            pStr[j] = (iNext == i) ? tmp : pStr[iNext];
            j = iNext;
        }while ( j != i);
    }
}

inline void Reverse(char* pStr, int iLen)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < (iLen >> 1); i++)
    {
        pStr[i] = pStr[iLen - i - 1];
    }
}
inline void Reverse2(char* pStr, int iLen)
{
    char* pStrRight = pStr + iLen - 1;
    while (pStr < pStrRight)
    {
        swap(*pStr++, *pStrRight--);
    }
}

void ShiftLeft2(char* pStr, int iNum)
{
    int len = strlen(pStr);
    Reverse(pStr, iNum);
    Reverse(pStr + iNum, len - iNum);
    Reverse(pStr, len);
}

void ShiftLeft3(char* pStr, int iNum)
{
    int len = strlen(pStr);
    Reverse2(pStr, iNum);
    Reverse2(pStr + iNum, len - iNum);
    Reverse2(pStr, len);
}

int main(int argc,char** argv)
{
    const static int TEST_COUNT = 10000;
    DWORD dwStart = GetTickCount();
    for (int iCount = 0; iCount < TEST_COUNT; iCount++)
    {
        char sz[] = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
        for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(sz) - 1; i++)
        {
            ShiftLeft(sz, i);
        }
    }
    DWORD dwEllapse = GetTickCount() - dwStart;
    cout << "Trick Reverse: " << dwEllapse << " ms" << endl; // 281 ms

    dwStart = GetTickCount();
    for (int iCount = 0; iCount < TEST_COUNT; iCount++)
    {
        char sz[] = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
        for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(sz); i++)
        {
            ShiftLeft2(sz, i);
        }
    }
    dwEllapse = GetTickCount() - dwStart;
    cout << "Three Reverse: " << dwEllapse << " ms" << endl; // 31 ms

    dwStart = GetTickCount();
    for (int iCount = 0; iCount < TEST_COUNT; iCount++)
    {
        char sz[] = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
        for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(sz); i++)
        {
            ShiftLeft3(sz, i);
        }
    }
    dwEllapse = GetTickCount() - dwStart;
    cout << "Three Reverse2: " << dwEllapse << " ms" << endl; // 31 ms
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}