2022-2023-1 20222803 《Linux内核原理与分析》第三周作业

实验二 完成一个简单的时间片轮转多道程序内核代码

打开终端，依次输入下列代码：
cd ~/LinuxKernel/linux-3.9.4
rm -rf mykernel
patch -p1 < ../mykernel_for_linux3.9.4sc.patch
make allnoconfig
make

耐心等待内核编译结束之后，输入qemu -kernel arch/x86/boot/bzImage，可以看到打开的qemu界面中进入了死循环。

输入cd mykernel进入mykernel文件夹，可以看到内有mymain.c和myinterrupt.c两个文件：

接下来对这两个.c文件进行修改。

将mymain.c修改如下：

#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/tty.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>


#include "mypcb.h"

tPCB task[MAX_TASK_NUM];
tPCB * my_current_task = NULL; 
volatile int my_need_sched = 0; 

void my_process(void);

void __init my_start_kernel(void)
{
    int pid = 0;
    int i;
    /* Initialize process 0*/
    task[pid].pid = pid;
    task[pid].state = 0;
    task[pid].task_entry = task[pid].thread.ip = (unsigned long)my_process; 
    task[pid].thread.sp = (unsigned long)&task[pid].stack[KERNEL_STACK_SIZE-1];
    task[pid].next = &task[pid];

    for(i=1;i<MAX_TASK_NUM;i++)   
    {
        memcpy(&task[i],&task[0],sizeof(tPCB));
        task[i].pid = i;
        task[i].thread.sp = (unsigned long)(&task[i].stack[KERNEL_STACK_SIZE-1]);
        task[i].next = task[i-1].next;
        task[i-1].next = &task[i];
    }
    /* start process 0 by task[0] */
    pid = 0;
    my_current_task = &task[pid];

    asm volatile(
        "movl %1,%%esp\n\t"         /* set task[pid].thread.sp to esp */
        "pushl %1\n\t"             /* push ebp */
        "pushl %0\n\t"            /* push task[pid].thread.ip */
        "ret\n\t"                /* pop task[pid].thread.ip to rip */
        : 
        : "c" (task[pid].thread.ip),"d" (task[pid].thread.sp)    /* input c or d mean %ecx/%edx*/
    );
} 

int i = 0;

void my_process(void)
{    
    while(1)
    {
        i++;
        if(i%10000000 == 0)
        {
            printk(KERN_NOTICE "this is process %d -\n",my_current_task->pid);
            if(my_need_sched == 1)
            {
                my_need_sched = 0;
                my_schedule();
            }
            printk(KERN_NOTICE "this is process %d +\n",my_current_task->pid);
        }     
    }
}

将myinterrupt.c修改如下：

#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/tty.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>

#include "mypcb.h"

extern tPCB task[MAX_TASK_NUM];
extern tPCB * my_current_task;
extern volatile int my_need_sched;
volatile int time_count = 0;

void my_timer_handler(void)
{
    if(time_count%1000 == 0 && my_need_sched != 1)  
    {
        printk(KERN_NOTICE ">>>my_timer_handler here<<<\n");
        my_need_sched = 1;
    } 
    time_count ++ ;  
    return;      
}

void my_schedule(void)   
{
    tPCB * next;
    tPCB * prev;

    if(my_current_task == NULL 
        || my_current_task->next == NULL){
        return;
    }
    printk(KERN_NOTICE ">>>my_schedule<<<\n");
    /* schedule */
    next = my_current_task->next;
    prev = my_current_task;
    if(next->state == 0)
    {        
        my_current_task = next; 
        printk(KERN_NOTICE ">>>switch %d to %d<<<\n",prev->pid,next->pid);  
        asm volatile(    
            "pushl %%ebp\n\t"         /* save ebp of prev */
            "movl %%esp,%0\n\t"     /* save esp of prev */
            "movl %2,%%esp\n\t"     /* restore  esp of next */
            "movl $1f,%1\n\t"       /* save rip of prev ,%1f指接下来的标号为1的位置*/    
            "pushl %3\n\t" 
            "ret\n\t"                 /* restore  rip of next */
            "1:\t"                  /* next process start here */
            "popl %%ebp\n\t"
            : "=m" (prev->thread.sp),"=m" (prev->thread.ip)
            : "m" (next->thread.sp),"m" (next->thread.ip)
        ); 
    }  
    return;    
}

然后新建一个mypcb.h文件，输入如下代码：

#define MAX_TASK_NUM        4             
#define KERNEL_STACK_SIZE   1024*2 

struct Thread {                           
    unsigned long       ip;
    unsigned long       sp;
};
 
typedef struct PCB{                         
    int pid;
    volatile long state;    
    unsigned long stack[KERNEL_STACK_SIZE];
    struct Thread thread;
    unsigned long   task_entry;
    struct PCB *next;
}tPCB;
 
void my_schedule(void);

完成如上操作之后输入cd ~/LinuxKernel/linux-3.9.4返回linux-3.9.4文件夹进行make，等待内核编译结束之后，输入qemu -kernel arch/x86/boot/bzImage，结果如图：

可以看出，操作系统运行的时候，计算机给每个进程分配时间片。