ERP 复习 week 1 - tutorial 续

Master Data：

Business Scenarios involve various objects such as customer, venders, products, employees tec. Data which describes these objects is referred to as Master Data. This data describes the various object stored within the SAP system. This data usually remains unchanged over an extended period of time.

Business Scenarios包含了不同的对象，例如顾客、厂商、产品和雇员等等，描述这些对象的数据就是Master Data。这些数据描述了存储在SAP系统内部的各种对象，也在相当长的一段时间内被保留。

Master data is data that is used long-term in the SAP system for several business processes. Mater data is created centrally and can be used by ALL applications and all authorized users. Example of master data in SAP includes customers, materials and vendors.

Master data在SAP系统中会为不同的业务处理使用很长时间。Master data是被集中创建的，并且所有的授权用户和应用程序所使用。

(Picture)Master data表示，以后再说

A Master Data object, such as a customer, can be used by more than module. Each module may only be concerned with certain aspects of Master Data.

一个Master Data对象，例如一个客户可以被多个模型所使用。每个模型可能只关心Master Data的一个特定的方面。

A customer contains key information that defines the business relationship between a company and its customer. The master data is used to support execution of key business processes, such as customer requests, deliveries, invoices and payments.

在公司和客户之间，客户往往持有定义业务关系的关键信息。Master Data用来支持执行关键的业务流程，例如客户请求、投递、报税和支付等等。

Master Data also has an organizational aspect, as the information is organized into views, which are assigned to organizational elements. The customer master is organized into three views which are each located at a different organizational level: General data (Client level), financial accounting data (company code level) and sales data (sales area data).

Master data也具有编制化的一面，作为编制到不同试图的信息，它们被分配到各个编制成员中。例如客户管理就被编制为三个在SAP中不同编制级别的试图中：General Data（客户级别），financial accounting data（公司代码级别）和sales data（销售区域级别）

NB: Generating a company’s master data in an SAP system is one of the central tasks in the implementation process. 在SAP系统中，生成公司的master data在实现业务处理过程中是核心任务。

下面是一个master data和其对应编制单元的结构图（后补）

Transactions

Definition: Transactions are application programs which execute business processes in the R/3 System.

定义：事务是在R/3系统中执行业务流程的应用程序。

Transactions usually result in the changing of one or more master data object such as creating a customer order, posting an incoming payment, or approving a level request. The majority of processing in the SAP system is related to transactions.

作为创建一个客户订单、发布支付信息或者接受一个级别请求，事务，通常会导致一个或多个master data对象的变化。在SAP系统中的主要处理都是与transaction相关联的。

For example the diagram below illustrates a Transaction that interacts between the Master data objects of Customers and Material in the creation of a sales document:

例如下图表示了一个来自master data的客户和材料对象的交互，他们正在执行创建销售文档的过程。

图片后补。

Document A data record is generated whenever a transaction is carried out it may be a sales document, order, pay slip, purchase order etc. These documents contain the predefined information obtained from organization elements and customer, material or other master data extracted from master data records.

诸如销售档案、下订单、付账或者处理购买订单，无论何时这些事务被执行都会产生数据记录。这些文档可能包含来自于编制成员和客户、材料或者其他来自Master Data记录中的预定依稀信息。

图片后补。 Reports: Programs which read certain data elements and displays them in a list. SAP has extensive reporting facilities which enabler’s users to access and display the data in various formats relevant to the data stored within the system.

程序读取特定的数据成员并且把他们显示在一个列表中。SAP含有扩展报表功能，可以使用户通过各种各样与存储在系统中的数据相关的格式来访问或显示数据。

Workflow:

Workflows enable the electronic workflow management of structured flows that:

l Cover a sequence of activities

l Always occur in the same or similar form

l Involve several departments or people

Workflows control the information process flow according to a predefined model. Workflows are especially suited for structured organizations divided into departments or division.

工作流使得结构化流动的电子化的工作流管理成为可能：

l 包含了一系列的活动

l 总是以相同或者相似的形式呈现

l 包含若干部门或者人员

工作流根据预定义的模型来控制信息处理流。工作流特别适合结构化的组织到部门或者产品线中。

图后补

Week 2就一个Vender

Vender:

A vendor is a business partner from whom materials or services can be procured(purchased). 供应商就是一个业务伙伴，从它那里可以买到材料或者服务。