【原创】VirtualBox安装Gentoo流水账 EFI启动NVMe存储版

Gentoo

VirtualBox

Q:更新新版本后，不能使用“桥接网卡”。
A:因为更新后没有重新启动过操作系统。重新启动一下操作系统再试试。

下载
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gentoo/releases/amd64/autobuilds/current-stage3-amd64-desktop-systemd/install-amd64-minimal-20230416T164657Z.iso

创建虚拟机，用上面的iso镜像文件启动

install gentoo to local nvme storage

livecd network setup

killall dhchcd

ip addr add 192.168.1.100/24 dev enp0s3
route add 192.168.1.0/24 dev enp0s3
route add default gw 192.168.1.1

ping 192.168.1.1
ping 101.6.15.130 #ping mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn

rc-service sshd start
passwd

ls nvme storage

ls /dev/nvme
nvme0 nvme0n1

fdisk /dev/nvme0n1

fdisk /dev/nvme0n1
n
<enter> # 1
<enter> # 2048
+2G

t
1       # EFI System

n
<enter> # 2
<enter> # 4196352
+2G

n
<enter> # 3
<enter> # 8390656
<enter> # 16777111

t
<enter> # 3
43      # Linux LVM

w

create pv vg lv

pvcreate /dev/nvme0n1p3

vgcreate gentoo-x-vg /dev/nvme0n1p3

lvcreate -L40G -nslash-gentoo gentoo-x-vg
lvcreate -L20G -nhome-gentoo gentoo-x-vg
lvcreate -L8G -nswap gentoo-x-vg

mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/nvme0n1p1
mkfs.ext4 /dev/nvme0n1p2

mkfs.ext4 /dev/gentoo-x-vg/slash-gentoo
mkfs.ext4 /dev/gentoo-x-vg/home-gentoo

mkswap /dev/gentoo-x-vg/swap

mount storage and un-xz stage3-*.tar.xz

mount /dev/gentoo-x-vg/slash-gentoo /mnt/gentoo/

cd /mnt/gentoo/

wget -c https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gentoo/releases/amd64/autobuilds/current-stage3-amd64-desktop-systemd/stage3-amd64-systemd-20230416T164657Z.tar.xz

tar xpvf stage3-*.tar.xz --xattrs-include='*.*' --numeric-owner

mount /dev/gentoo-x-vg/home-gentoo ./home/
mount /dev/nvme0n1p2 ./boot/
mkdir ./boot/efi
mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 ./boot/efi/
swapon /dev/gentoo-x-vg/swap

a tindy for vi

cp /bin/vi ./bin/

mirrorselect

vi ./etc/portage/make.conf
MAKEOPTS="-j5"

GENTOO_MIRRORS="https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gentoo"

NOT “-march=native”

不在各个COMMONFLAGS中添加"-march=native"。
这里我的选择是最大的兼容性，放弃了最大的性能优化。

mount and chroot

cp --dereference /etc/resolv.conf ./etc/

mount --types proc /proc/ ./proc/
mount --rbind /sys ./sys/
mount --make-rslave ./sys/
mount --rbind /dev/ ./dev/
mount --make-rslave ./dev/

chroot . /bin/bash
source /etc/profile
export PS1="(chroot) $PS1"

emerge-webrsync

emerge-webrsync

gentoo-kernel-bin

vi /etc/portage/make.conf
ACCEPT_LICENSES="linux-fw-redistributable no-source-code"

emerge gentoo-kernel-bin


vi /etc/portage/package.use/00-sys-fs-lvm2
sys-fs/lvm2 lvm

emerge lvm2


mkdir /etc/dracut.conf.d/
vi /etc/dracut.conf.d/lvm.conf
add_dracutmodules+=" lvm "

dracut -a lvm --kver 6.1.22-gentoo-dist --force

一些工具 eix gentoolkit gentoolkit-dev vim

emerge eix gentoolkit
emerge vim

切换编辑器为vi

eselect editor

eselect editor list

eselect editor set 3    # [3] vi

locate

vi /etc/locale.gen
zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8

locale-gen

eselect locale list
eselect locale set 4    # [4]   zh_CN.utf8

Zone

cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

vi /etc/fstab

vi /etc/fstab
/dev/nvme0n1p2          /boot           ext4            auto,noatime    1 2
/dev/nvme0n1p1          /boot/efi       vfat            auto,noatime    1 2
/dev/gentoo-x-vg/slash-gentoo           /               ext4            noatime0 1
/dev/gentoo-x-vg/home-gentoo            /home           ext4            noatime0 1
/dev/gentoo-x-vg/swap           none            swap            sw             0 0
#/dev/cdrom             /mnt/cdrom      auto            noauto,ro       0 0

grub:2

emerge grub

rd.lvm.vg=vg_name

vi /etc/default/grub
##### Append parameters to the linux kernel command line
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="init=/lib/systemd/systemd rd.lvm.vg=gentoo-x-vg"

grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi

grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

添加一个日常使用的用户

useradd -m -G users,wheel,plugdev,video,audio -s /bin/bash lophyxp
passwd lophyxp

set root password

passwd

关机

exit

cd
umount -l /mnt/gentoo/dev{/shm,/pts,}
umount -R /mnt/gentoo
reboot

systemd

systemd-firstboot --prompt --setup-machine-id
systemctl preset-all 

networkmanager

vi /etc/portage/make.conf
USE="networkmanager"

emerge -uDN world

vi /etc/portage/package.use/01-net-misc-networkmanager
net-wireless/wpa_supplicant dbus

emerge networkmanager

systemctl start NetworkManager
systemctl enable NetworkManager

LC_ALL=c nmtui

hostname

hostnamectl hostname gentoo-x

vi /etc/hosts

sshd

vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
PermitRootLogin yes

systemctl start sshd
systemclt enable sshd