android中Preference的使用

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-21 11:06:16 发布

louiscarman

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-21 11:06:16 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/louiscarman/article/details/8778800

版权

单一控件：

Preference 控件家庭 View控件家庭控件含义

Preference TextView 文本框

CheckPreference CheckBox 单选框

EditTextPreference EditText 输入文本框

ListPreference ListView 列表框

RingtonePreference —— 铃声

其实在Android源码系统中还有很多的”未完工”的Preference, 没有为它们提供PI接口，例如SeekBarPreference，

有兴趣的同学可以参考源码，具体路径为：frameworks/base/core/java/preference。

组合控件：

PreferenceCategory :类似于LinearLayou、RelativeLayout，用于组合一组Preference，使布局更具备层次感。

PreferenceScreen : 所有Preference元素的根节点。

Preference元素的通用XML Attributes说明：

android:key ：每个Preference控件独一无二的”ID”,唯一表示此Preference。

android:defaultValue ：默认值。例如，CheckPreference的默认值可为”true”，默认为选中状态；

EditTextPreference的默认值可为”110” 。

android:enabled ：表示该Preference是否可用状态。

android:title ：每个Preference在PreferenceScreen布局上显示的标题——大标题

android:summary ：每个Preference在PreferenceScreen布局上显示的标题——小标题(可以没有)

android:persistent：表示Preference元素所对应的值是否写入sharedPreferen文件中，如果是true，则表示写

入；否则，则表示不写入该Preference元素的值。

android:dependency：表示一个Preference(用A表示)的可用状态依赖另外一个Preference(用B表示)。B可用，

则A可用；B不可用，则A不可用。

android:disableDependentsState：与android:dependency相反。B可用，则A不可用；B不可用，则A可用。

用代码实现Preference

PreferencesFromCode.java类

package com.example.androidapi.preference;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.res.TypedArray;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.preference.CheckBoxPreference;
import android.preference.EditTextPreference;
import android.preference.ListPreference;
import android.preference.PreferenceActivity;
import android.preference.PreferenceCategory;
import android.preference.PreferenceScreen;

import com.example.androidapi.R;

public class PreferencesFromCode extends PreferenceActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        
        setPreferenceScreen(createPreferenceHierarchy());
    }

    private PreferenceScreen createPreferenceHierarchy() {
        PreferenceScreen root = getPreferenceManager().createPreferenceScreen(this);
        
        PreferenceCategory inlinePrefCat = new PreferenceCategory(this);
        inlinePrefCat.setTitle(R.string.inline_preferences);
        root.addPreference(inlinePrefCat);
        
        CheckBoxPreference togglePref = new CheckBoxPreference(this);
        togglePref.setKey("toggle_preference");
        togglePref.setTitle(R.string.title_toggle_preference);
        togglePref.setSummary(R.string.summary_toggle_preference);
        inlinePrefCat.addPreference(togglePref);
                
        PreferenceCategory dialogBasedPrefCat = new PreferenceCategory(this);
        dialogBasedPrefCat.setTitle(R.string.dialog_based_preferences);
        root.addPreference(dialogBasedPrefCat);

        EditTextPreference editTextPref = new EditTextPreference(this);
        editTextPref.setDialogTitle(R.string.dialog_title_edittext_preference);
        editTextPref.setKey("edittext_preference");
        editTextPref.setTitle(R.string.title_edittext_preference);
        editTextPref.setSummary(R.string.summary_edittext_preference);
        dialogBasedPrefCat.addPreference(editTextPref);
        
        ListPreference listPref = new ListPreference(this);
        listPref.setEntries(R.array.entries_list_preference);
        listPref.setEntryValues(R.array.entryvalues_list_preference);
        listPref.setDialogTitle(R.string.dialog_title_list_preference);
        listPref.setKey("list_preference");
        listPref.setTitle(R.string.title_list_preference);
        listPref.setSummary(R.string.summary_list_preference);
        dialogBasedPrefCat.addPreference(listPref);
        
        PreferenceCategory launchPrefCat = new PreferenceCategory(this);
        launchPrefCat.setTitle(R.string.launch_preferences);
        root.addPreference(launchPrefCat);

        PreferenceScreen screenPref = getPreferenceManager().createPreferenceScreen(this);
        screenPref.setKey("screen_preference");
        screenPref.setTitle(R.string.title_screen_preference);
        screenPref.setSummary(R.string.summary_screen_preference);
        launchPrefCat.addPreference(screenPref);
        
        CheckBoxPreference nextScreenCheckBoxPref = new CheckBoxPreference(this);
        nextScreenCheckBoxPref.setKey("next_screen_toggle_preference");
        nextScreenCheckBoxPref.setTitle(R.string.title_next_screen_toggle_preference);
        nextScreenCheckBoxPref.setSummary(R.string.summary_next_screen_toggle_preference);
        screenPref.addPreference(nextScreenCheckBoxPref);
        
        PreferenceScreen intentPref = getPreferenceManager().createPreferenceScreen(this);
        intentPref.setIntent(new Intent().setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW)
                .setData(Uri.parse("http://www.android.com")));
        intentPref.setTitle(R.string.title_intent_preference);
        intentPref.setSummary(R.string.summary_intent_preference);
        launchPrefCat.addPreference(intentPref);
        
        PreferenceCategory prefAttrsCat = new PreferenceCategory(this);
        prefAttrsCat.setTitle(R.string.preference_attributes);
        root.addPreference(prefAttrsCat);
        
        CheckBoxPreference parentCheckBoxPref = new CheckBoxPreference(this);
        parentCheckBoxPref.setTitle(R.string.title_parent_preference);
        parentCheckBoxPref.setSummary(R.string.summary_parent_preference);
        prefAttrsCat.addPreference(parentCheckBoxPref);

        TypedArray a = obtainStyledAttributes(R.styleable.TogglePrefAttrs);
        CheckBoxPreference childCheckBoxPref = new CheckBoxPreference(this);
        childCheckBoxPref.setTitle(R.string.title_child_preference);
        childCheckBoxPref.setSummary(R.string.summary_child_preference);
        childCheckBoxPref.setLayoutResource(
                a.getResourceId(R.styleable.TogglePrefAttrs_android_preferenceLayoutChild,
                        0));
        prefAttrsCat.addPreference(childCheckBoxPref);
        a.recycle();
        
        return root;
    }
}

用xml实现

PreferencesFromXml.java类

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.example.androidapi.preference;

import com.example.androidapi.R;

import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.preference.Preference;
import android.preference.PreferenceActivity;

public class PreferencesFromXml extends PreferenceActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        
        // Load the preferences from an XML resource
        addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.preferences);
    }

}

preferences.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<PreferenceScreen
        xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

    <PreferenceCategory
            android:title="@string/inline_preferences">
            
        <CheckBoxPreference
                android:key="checkbox_preference"
                android:title="@string/title_toggle_preference"
                android:summary="@string/summary_toggle_preference" />
            
    </PreferenceCategory>
                
    <PreferenceCategory
            android:title="@string/dialog_based_preferences">

        <EditTextPreference
                android:key="edittext_preference"
                android:title="@string/title_edittext_preference"
                android:summary="@string/summary_edittext_preference"
                android:dialogTitle="@string/dialog_title_edittext_preference" />
                
        <ListPreference
                android:key="list_preference"
                android:title="@string/title_list_preference"
                android:summary="@string/summary_list_preference"
                android:entries="@array/entries_list_preference"
                android:entryValues="@array/entryvalues_list_preference"
                android:dialogTitle="@string/dialog_title_list_preference" />

    </PreferenceCategory>

    <PreferenceCategory
            android:title="@string/launch_preferences">

        <PreferenceScreen
                android:key="screen_preference"
                android:title="@string/title_screen_preference"
                android:summary="@string/summary_screen_preference">
                                 
            <CheckBoxPreference
                    android:key="next_screen_checkbox_preference"
                    android:title="@string/title_next_screen_toggle_preference"
                    android:summary="@string/summary_next_screen_toggle_preference" />
                
        </PreferenceScreen>

        <PreferenceScreen
                android:title="@string/title_intent_preference"
                android:summary="@string/summary_intent_preference">

            <intent android:action="android.intent.action.VIEW"
                    android:data="http://www.android.com" />

        </PreferenceScreen>

    </PreferenceCategory>
    
    <PreferenceCategory
            android:title="@string/preference_attributes">
    
        <CheckBoxPreference
                android:key="parent_checkbox_preference"
                android:title="@string/title_parent_preference"
                android:summary="@string/summary_parent_preference" />

        <CheckBoxPreference
                android:key="child_checkbox_preference"
                android:dependency="parent_checkbox_preference"
                android:layout="?android:attr/preferenceLayoutChild"
                android:title="@string/title_child_preference"
                android:summary="@string/summary_child_preference" />
            
    </PreferenceCategory>
    
</PreferenceScreen>