[原创]Laravel 启动流程

Laravel 5.5
请求到响应的整个执行阶段归纳为 4 个:

1. 程序启动准备阶段
   
   • 文件自动加载
   • 服务容器实例化
   • 基础服务提供者的注册
   • 核心类的实例化
2. 请求实例化阶段
   
   • 实例化 Request 实例
3. 请求处理阶段
   
   • 准备请求处理的环境
   • 将请求实例通过中间件处理 及 通过路由和控制器的分发控制
4. 响应发送和程序终止阶段
   
   • 将响应内容返回给客户端
   • 记录与客户端有关的信息等

1. 程序启动准备

程序入口在 index.php 中

require __DIR__.'/../vendor/autoload.php';

$app = require_once __DIR__.'/../bootstrap/app.php';   # 获取服务容器实例

$kernel = $app->make(Illuminate\Contracts\Http\Kernel::class);

$response = $kernel->handle(
    $request = Illuminate\Http\Request::capture()
);

$response->send();

$kernel->terminate($request, $response);

创建服务容器实例

服务容器的创建在 bootstrap\app.php 中进行.

$app = new Illuminate\Foundation\Application(
    realpath(__DIR__.'/../')
);

1.1 容器基础配置

容器 Application 的构造函数:

public function __construct($basePath = null)
{
   
    if ($basePath) {
        $this->setBasePath($basePath);
    }

    $this->registerBaseBindings();

    $this->registerBaseServiceProviders();

    $this->registerCoreContainerAliases();
}

构造函数 主要完成以下基本配置:

• 目录路径(绑定到容器中, 并提供类方法获取子目录)

  public function setBasePath($basePath)
  {
       
    $this->basePath = rtrim($basePath, '\/');
  
    $this->bindPathsInContainer();
  
    return $this;
  }
  
  protected function bindPathsInContainer()
    {
       
        $this->instance('path', $this->path());
        $this->instance('path.base', $this->basePath());
        $this->instance('path.lang', $this->langPath());
        $this->instance('path.config', $this->configPath());
        $this->instance('path.public', $this->publicPath());
        $this->instance('path.storage', $this->storagePath());
        $this->instance('path.database', $this->databasePath());
        $this->instance('path.resources', $this->resourcePath());
        $this->instance('path.bootstrap', $this->bootstrapPath());
    }

• 绑定容器自身

  protected function registerBaseBindings()
  {
       
    static::setInstance($this);
  
    $this->instance('app', $this);
  
    $this->instance(Container::class, $this);
  
    $this->instance(PackageManifest::class, new PackageManifest(
        new Filesystem, $this->basePath(), $this->getCachedPackagesPath()
    ));
  }

• 基础服务注册( Event, Log, Route)

  protected function registerBaseServiceProviders()
  {
       
    $this->register(new EventServiceProvider($this));
  
    $this->register(new LogServiceProvider($this));
  
    $this->register(new RoutingServiceProvider($this));
  }

• 别名注册

  多个接口名 对应一个简短别名, 后续在注册服务时只需绑定到别名上即可 (而不必绑定到具体接口名)

  public function registerCoreContainerAliases()
  {
       
    foreach ([
        'app'                  => [\Illuminate\Foundation\Application::class, \Illuminate\Contracts\Container\Container::class, \Illuminate\Contracts\Foundation\Application::class,  \Psr\Container\ContainerInterface::class],
        'auth'                 => [\Illuminate\Auth\AuthManager::class, \Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Factory::class],
        'auth.driver'          => [\Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Guard::class],
        'blade.compiler'       => [\Illuminate\View\Compilers\BladeCompiler::class],
        'cache'                => [\Illuminate\Cache\CacheManager::class, \Illuminate\Contracts\Cache\Factory::class],
        'cache.store'          => [\Illuminate\Cache\Repository::class, \Illuminate\Contracts\Cache\Repository::class],
        'config'               => [\Illuminate\Config\Repository::class, \Illuminate\Contracts\Config\Repository::class],
        'cookie'               => [\Illuminate\Cookie\CookieJar::class, \Illuminate\Contracts\Cookie\Factory::class, \Illuminate\Contracts\Cookie\QueueingFactory::class],
        'encrypter'            => [\Illuminate\Encryption\Encrypter::class, \Illuminate\Contracts\Encryption\Encrypter::class],
        'db'                   => [\Illuminate\Database\DatabaseManager::class],
        'db.connection'        => [\Illuminate\Database\Connection::class, \Illuminate\Database\ConnectionInterface::class],
        'events'               => [\Illuminate\Events\Dispatcher::class, \Illuminate\Contracts\Events\Dispatcher::class],
        'files'                => [\Illuminate\Filesystem\Filesystem::class],
        'filesystem'           => [\Illuminate\Filesystem\FilesystemManager::class, \Illuminate\Contracts\Filesystem\Factory::class],
        'filesystem.disk'      => [\Illuminate\Contracts\Filesystem\Filesystem::class],
        'filesystem.cloud'     => [\Illuminate\Contracts\Filesystem\Cloud::class],
        'hash'                 => [\Illuminate\Contracts\Hashing\Hasher::class],
        'translator'           => [\Illuminate\Translation\Translator::class, \Illuminate\Contracts\Translation\Translator::class],
        'log'                  => [\Illuminate\Log\Writer::class, \Illuminate\