C#语言基础（一）

   

在.NET 2005开发环境中，依次选择“新建”/“项目”/“控制台应用程序”，新建一个控制台应用程序。

数据类型、类型转换及表达式

1 、枚举类型

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Collections;

// 代码演示了如何使用位域和传统枚举

namespace EnumTest

{

    public enum SomeRootVegetables

    {

        HorseRadish,

        Radish,

        Turnip

    }

    [Flags]

    public enum Seasons

    {

        None = 0,

        Summer = 1,

        Auturmn = 2,

        Winter = 4,

        Sprint = 8,

        All = Summer | Auturmn | Winter | Sprint,

    }

    class Program

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            Hashtable AvailableIn = new Hashtable();

            AvailableIn[SomeRootVegetables.HorseRadish] = Seasons.All;

            AvailableIn[SomeRootVegetables.Radish] = Seasons.Sprint;

            AvailableIn[SomeRootVegetables.Turnip] = Seasons.Sprint | Seasons.Auturmn;

            // 声明一个Seasons类型的数组，使用枚举值

            Seasons[] seasons = new Seasons[] { Seasons.Winter, Seasons.Sprint, Seasons.Summer, Seasons.Auturmn };

            // 将结果显示出来

            for (int i = 0; i < seasons.Length; i++)

            {

                Console.WriteLine("/r/nThe following root vegetables are harvested in " + seasons[i].ToString("G") + ":");

                foreach (DictionaryEntry e in AvailableIn)

                {

                    if (((Seasons)e.Value & seasons[i]) > 0)

                        Console.WriteLine("/t" + ((SomeRootVegetables)e.Key).ToString("G"));

                }

            }

        }

    }

}

2 、object类型

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

// 代码演示了Object类型的变量如何接受任何数据类型的值及Object类型的变量如何在.NET Framework中使用Object的方法

namespace ObjectTest

{

    class Program

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            object a;

            a = 1;

            Console.WriteLine(a);

            Console.WriteLine(a.GetType());

            Console.WriteLine(a.ToString());

            Console.WriteLine();

            a = new SampleClass();

            SampleClass classRef;

            classRef = (SampleClass)a;

            Console.WriteLine(classRef.i);

        }

    }

    class SampleClass

    {

        public int i = 10;

    }

}

3 、算术操作符

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

// 代码演示如何使用算术操作符

namespace SuanshuExample

{

    class Program

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            int n = 10, m = 3;

            float f = 5.0F, g = 10.0F;

            double d = 5.0, e = 10.0;

            Console.WriteLine(" 算术操作符运行示例：");

            Console.WriteLine("n={0},m={1}", n, m);

            Console.WriteLine("f={0},g={1}", f, g);

            Console.WriteLine("d={0},e={1}", d, e);

            Console.WriteLine("n+m={0},n-m={1},n*m={2},n/m={3},n%m={4}", n + m, n - m, n * m, n / m, n % m);

            Console.WriteLine("f+g={0},f-g={1},f*g={2},f/g={3}", f + g, f - g, f * g, f / g);

            Console.WriteLine("d+e={0},d-e={1},d*e={2},d/e={3}", d + e, d - e, d * e, d / e);

            Console.WriteLine("n+m-f*g/d={0}", n + m - f * g / d);

            Console.WriteLine("n%m*f*d={0}", n % m * f * d);

        }

    }

}

4 、赋值操作符运行示例

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

// 代码演示了如何使用赋值操作符

namespace FuzhiExample

{

    class FuzhiExample

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            int a = 5, b = 3;

            Console.WriteLine(" 赋值操作符运行示例：");

            Console.WriteLine("a={0},b={1}", a, b);

            Console.WriteLine("b=a+b={0}", b = a + b);

            Console.WriteLine("b=a*b={0}", b *= a);

            Console.WriteLine("b=b%a={0}", b %= a);

            Console.WriteLine("a=a>>=2={0}", a >>= 2);

            Console.WriteLine("a=a<<=2={0}", a <<= 2);

            Console.WriteLine("a=a^=a={0}", a ^= a);

            Console.WriteLine(6^ 5);

        }

    }

}

5、关系操作符

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

// 代码演示了如何使用关系操作符

namespace GuanxiExample

{

    class GuanxiExample

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            int i = 1, j = 2;

            char c1 = 'A', c2 = 'a';

            Console.WriteLine(" 关系操作符运行示例：");

            Console.WriteLine("i={0},j={1}", i, j);

            Console.WriteLine("c1={0},c2={1}", c1, c2);

            Console.WriteLine("i<j is :{0},i>=j is :{1},i<=j is :{2}", i > j, i >= j, i <= j);

            Console.WriteLine("c1>c2 is :{0},c1>=c2 is :{1},c1<=c2 is :{2}", c1 > c2, c1 >= c2, c1 <= c2);

        }

    }

}

6、逻辑操作符

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

// 代码演示了如何使用逻辑操作符

namespace LuojiExample

{

    class LuojiExample

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            int x=3,y=5,a=2,b=3;

            Console.WriteLine(" 逻辑操作符运行示例：");

            Console.WriteLine("x={0},y={1},a={2},b={3}",x,y,a,b);

            Console.WriteLine("a>b&&x<y={0}",a>b&&x<y);

            Console.WriteLine("!(a>b)&&!(x<y)={0}",!(a>b)&&!(x<y));

            Console.WriteLine("!(a>x)||!(b<y)={0}", !(a > x) || !(b < y));

        }

    }

}

7、位操作符

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

// 代码演示了将两个数值分别进行“&”、“|”、“^”运算

namespace WeiExample

{

    class WeiExample

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            int y = 150, x = 110;

            Console.WriteLine(" 位操作符运行示例：");

            Console.WriteLine("x={0},y={1}", x, y);

            Console.WriteLine("x&y={0},x|y={1},x^y={2}", x & y, x | y, x ^ y);

            Console.WriteLine("x>>2={0}", x >> 2);

            Console.WriteLine("x<<2={0}", x << 2);

        }

    }

}