《咨询项目实战》关于网络请求。2018.1.2

最新推荐文章于 2023-12-17 18:12:23 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-12-17 18:12:23 发布

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用户所需接口：
获取用户信息：
http://120.27.23.105/user/getUserInfo?uid=71
获取商品列表
http://120.27.23.105/product/getProductCatagory?cid=1

1.实现页面效果布局：

代码的实现效果：

页面1：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="com.example.zym.zuoyumeng1511q20180102.MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:layout_margin="20dp"
        android:text="获取用户信息"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/but01"/>
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_margin="20dp"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal">
        <TextView
            android:text="mobile："
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:id="@+id/main_mobile"/>
    </LinearLayout>
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_margin="20dp"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal">
        <TextView
            android:text="password："
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:id="@+id/main_password"/>
    </LinearLayout>
    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/jump"
        android:layout_margin="20dp"
        android:text="跳转"/>
</LinearLayout>

页面2：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="com.example.zym.zuoyumeng1511q20180102.Main2Activity">
    <TextView
        android:gravity="center"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:text="标题"/>
    <ListView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:id="@+id/listView">

    </ListView>
</LinearLayout>

2.进入页面时主线程创建Handler对象并重写处理消息的方法，开启子线程，调用HttpUrlConnection请求的方法，传入用户信息的url，网络请求结束后做数据的解析并放入javaBean中，把获取的mobile信息显示到页面上，把获取到的password显示到界面上，点击“跳转”按钮，跳转到图二：

代码实现：

package com.example.zym.zuoyumeng1511q20180102;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.google.gson.Gson;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;

/**
 * 运用HttpUrlConnection和Handler获取用户的信息
 * 
 */
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private TextView main_mobile;
    private TextView main_password;
    private Button but01;
    private Button jump;
    private Handler handler = new Handler(){
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            //主线程得到数据，更新UI
            NameData nameData = (NameData)msg.obj;
            main_mobile.setText(nameData.getData().getMobile());
            main_password.setText(nameData.getData().getPassword());
        }
    };
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //获取控件
        main_mobile = findViewById(R.id.main_mobile);
        main_password = findViewById(R.id.main_password);
        but01 = findViewById(R.id.but01);
        jump = findViewById(R.id.jump);
        //点击获取信息按钮，得到用户的信息。把线程放入点击事件中运行。
        but01.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                new Thread(){
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        //自定义访问数据的方法
                        getNameData();
                    }
                }.start();
            }
        });
        //给点击事件，进行跳转
        jump.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, Main2Activity.class);
                startActivity(intent);
                finish();
            }
        });
    }
    public void getNameData(){
        try {
            //设置访问URL
            URL url = new URL("http://120.27.23.105/user/getUserInfo?uid=71");
            //得到管理者
            HttpURLConnection urlConnection =(HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            //设置
            urlConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
            urlConnection.setReadTimeout(5000);
            urlConnection.setConnectTimeout(5000);
            //判断访问的结果码
            if(urlConnection.getResponseCode() == 200){
                //获取数据流
                InputStream inputStream = urlConnection.getInputStream();
                //创建数组输出流，读取数据
                ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                byte[] b = new byte[1024];
                int len = 1;
                while ((len = inputStream.read(b))!=-1){
                    byteArrayOutputStream.write(b,0,len);
                }
                //把流转化为字符串
                String s = byteArrayOutputStream.toString();
                //利用Gson解析获取数据
                Gson gson = new Gson();
                NameData nameData = gson.fromJson(s, NameData.class);
                //获得message对象，把信息传到主线程，然后更新UI
                Message obtain = Message.obtain();
                obtain.obj = nameData;
                handler.sendMessage(obtain);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

3.自定义一个AsyncTask的类并重写其中必要的两个方法，在创建子线程的同时，执行AsyncTask的实例，在异步方法中调用HttpClient请求的方法，url通过AsyncTask的第一个参数传入，在执行完成的回调方法中获取到网络请求成功的数据并做解析：

代码实现：

package com.example.zym.zuoyumeng1511q20180102;

import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.ListView;

import com.google.gson.Gson;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 利用AsyncTask和HttpClient请求数据并获得
 */
public class Main2Activity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private ListView listView;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main2);
        //寻找控件
        listView = findViewById(R.id.listView);
        //调用该类的方法
        MyTask myTask = new MyTask();
        myTask.execute("http://120.27.23.105/product/getProductCatagory?cid=1");
    }
    //创建AsyncTask类，获取访问数据,重写两个方法
    class MyTask extends AsyncTask<String,Void,String>{
        @Override
        protected String doInBackground(String... strings) {
            //用HttpClient访问网络得到数据
            DefaultHttpClient defaultHttpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
            //设置请求方法
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(strings[0]);
            try {
                //发送请求
                HttpResponse response = defaultHttpClient.execute(httpGet);
                //得到返回码，并判断
                if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==200){
                    HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
                    String s = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
                    //返回字符串
                    return s;
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return null;
        }
        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(String s) {
            //判断字符串是否为空
            if(s!=null){
                Gson gson = new Gson();
                ShowData showData = gson.fromJson(s, ShowData.class);
                List<ShowData.DataBean.ListBean> list = showData.getData().get(0).getList();
                MyAdapter myAdapter = new MyAdapter(Main2Activity.this, list);
                listView.setAdapter(myAdapter);
            }
        }
    }
}

4.创建列表适配器，重写适配器的4个方法，对获取视图的方法做优化，当获取到列表数据之后，将数据添加到列表集合中

代码实现：

package com.example.zym.zuoyumeng1511q20180102;

import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 创建适配器并做优化
 */
public class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter{
    //得到属性和构造方法
    private Context context;
    private List<ShowData.DataBean.ListBean> list;
    public MyAdapter(Context context, List<ShowData.DataBean.ListBean> list) {
        this.context = context;
        this.list = list;
    }
    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return list.size();
    }
    @Override
    public Object getItem(int i) {
        return list.get(i);
    }
    @Override
    public long getItemId(int i) {
        return i;
    }
    //给list做优化
    @Override
    public View getView(int i, View view, ViewGroup viewGroup) {
        ViewHolder holder;
        if(view == null){
            view = View.inflate(context,R.layout.main2_item,null);
            holder = new ViewHolder();
            holder.imageView = view.findViewById(R.id.item_imageView);
            holder.name = view.findViewById(R.id.item_name);
            view.setTag(holder);
        }else {
            holder = (ViewHolder) view.getTag();
        }
        //给控件赋值
        holder.name.setText(list.get(i).getName());
        MyPicSet myPicSet = new MyPicSet(holder.imageView);
        myPicSet.execute(list.get(i).getIcon());
        return view;
    }
    //得到控件
    class ViewHolder{
        TextView name;
        ImageView imageView;
    }
    class MyPicSet extends AsyncTask<String,Void,Bitmap>{
        private ImageView imageView;
        private InputStream inputStream;
        public MyPicSet(ImageView imageView) {
            this.imageView = imageView;
        }
        @Override
        protected Bitmap doInBackground(String... strings) {
            try {
                //设置访问URL
                URL url = new URL(strings[0]);
                //得到管理者
                HttpURLConnection urlConnection =(HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                //设置
                urlConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
                urlConnection.setReadTimeout(5000);
                urlConnection.setConnectTimeout(5000);
                //判断访问的结果码
                if (urlConnection.getResponseCode() == 200){
                    //转换成流对象
                    inputStream = urlConnection.getInputStream();
                }
                //得到Bitmap对象并返回
                Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(inputStream);
                return bitmap;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return null;
        }
        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Bitmap bitmap) {
            //给imageView赋值
            if(bitmap!=null){
                imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
            }else {
                imageView.setImageResource(R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
            }
        }
    }

}