GoF23 之 责任链模式

 责任链模式是行为模式的一种

责任链模式 ：当处理户端发起的一个请求时，通过一串对象来处理他们，而达到的一种松耦合软件设计的目的

 对请求有责任处理的多个类组成的链，如请假审批流程、采购审批流程。

1.  当代码由很多个if else时，可以用责任链重构
2. 请求处理方法在后续的需求大概率会新增时

优点
解耦 请求和请求处理分开
单一职责 每个处理类只需关心自己的业务，不需要知道下个处理是谁
符合开闭原则 新增处理方法简单

缺点
多个链路处理效率不高，单个处理会影响整体速度。
会存在无效遍历，空循环
容易写成死循环

举个栗子 过滤诗歌  1去除空格 2格式化 3提取名句

上代码

public abstract  class Handle {

   protected Handle next;


   public void next(Handle next){
       this.next = next;
   }

   public abstract void handle(Poetry poetry);

}

public class SpaceHandle extends Handle {
    @Override
    public void handle(Poetry poetry) {
        System.out.println("---------去除空格--------------");
        String content = poetry.getContent().replace(" ", "");
        poetry.setContent(content);
        System.out.println(content);
        next.handle(poetry);
    }
}

public class FormatHandle extends Handle {
    @Override
    public void handle(Poetry poetry) {
        System.out.println("---------格式化--------------");
        String content = poetry.getContent();
        String[] a = content.split("。");
        System.out.println("       "+poetry.getTitle());
        System.out.println("        "+poetry.getAuthor());
        Arrays.stream(a).forEach(b->{
            System.out.print(b);
            System.out.println("。");
        });
        this.next.handle(poetry);
    }
}

public class FamousSentenceHandle  extends Handle {

    @Override
    public void handle(Poetry poetry) {
        System.out.println("---------名句提取--------------");
        String content = poetry.getContent();
        String[] cons = content.split("。");
        String famous = cons[1].toString();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println(famous);
    }

}

@Data
public class Poetry {

    Poetry(String author,String content,String title){
        this.author = author;
        this.content = content;
        this.title = title;
    }
    String author;
    String content;
    String title;
}

测试类

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Poetry poetry = new Poetry("陆游", "  莫笑农家腊酒浑，丰年留客足鸡豚。 山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村。箫鼓追随春社近， 衣冠简朴古风存。从今若许闲乘月，拄杖无时夜叩门。", "游山西村");
        SpaceHandle spaceHandle = new SpaceHandle();
        FormatHandle formatHandle = new FormatHandle();
        FamousSentenceHandle famousSentenceHandle = new FamousSentenceHandle();

        spaceHandle.next(formatHandle);
        formatHandle.next(famousSentenceHandle);
        System.out.println("---------原句--------------");
        System.out.println(poetry.getContent());
        spaceHandle.handle(poetry);
    }
}

执行结果