HDU-5883-The Best Path【2016青岛网络】【欧拉路】

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5883-The Best Path

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Problem Description
Alice is planning her travel route in a beautiful valley. In this valley, there are N lakes, and M rivers linking these lakes. Alice wants to start her trip from one lake, and enjoys the landscape by boat. That means she need to set up a path which go through every river exactly once. In addition, Alice has a specific number (a1,a2,…,an) for each lake. If the path she finds is P0→P1→…→Pt, the lucky number of this trip would be aP0XORaP1XOR…XORaPt. She want to make this number as large as possible. Can you help her?

Input
The first line of input contains an integer t, the number of test cases. t test cases follow.

For each test case, in the first line there are two positive integers N (N≤100000) and M (M≤500000), as described above. The i-th line of the next N lines contains an integer ai(∀i,0≤ai≤10000) representing the number of the i-th lake.

The i-th line of the next M lines contains two integers ui and vi representing the i-th river between the ui-th lake and vi-th lake. It is possible that ui=vi.

Output
For each test cases, output the largest lucky number. If it dose not have any path, output “Impossible”.

Sample Input
2
3 2
3
4
5
1 2
2 3
4 3
1
2
3
4
1 2
2 3
2 4

Sample Output
2
Impossible

题目链接：HDU-5883

题目大意： n 个点 m 条无向边的图，找一个欧拉通路/回路使得这个路径所有结点的异或值最大

题目思路：根据欧拉路的性质，

在无向图中，
    欧拉通路：两个点度数为奇数，其余点度数为偶数
    欧拉回路：所有点度数为偶数

所以分为两种情况讨论：

1.欧拉回路
起点也是终点，所以要遍历哪个点为起点（因为起点多亦或一次，起点不同结果不同）

2.欧拉通路
两个奇数的点已知，肯定为起点和终点。

注意：
1. 因为要经过的是每条河而不是每个湖，所以，只需要判断有河经过的湖是否联通。
2. 存在河u - > v（u == v） 这些点也要处理，因为可能存在这些点是孤立的，但是也要经过。这里wa了好久

以下是代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cctype>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <numeric>
#include <string>
#include <set>
#include <map>
#include <stack>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
#include <deque>
#include <list>
using namespace std;
#define LL long long

int a[100005];
int d[100005];
int cc[100005];
#define MAXN 100005
int fa[MAXN] = {0};
int ranks[MAXN] = {0};
void initialise(int n)          //初始化
{
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        fa[i] = i,ranks[i] = 1;
}
int getfather(int v)            //父节点
{
    return (fa[v] == v) ? v : fa[v] = getfather(fa[v]);
}
void merge(int x,int y)         //合并
{
    x = getfather(x);
    y = getfather(y);
    if (x != y)
        fa[x] = y,ranks[y] += ranks[x];
}
int main()
{
    int t;
    scanf("%d",&t);
    while(t--)
    {
        int n,m;
        scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
        memset(d,0,sizeof(d));
        memset(cc,0,sizeof(cc));
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        {
            scanf("%d",&a[i]);
        }
        initialise(n);
        for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
        {
            int u,v;
            scanf("%d%d",&u,&v);
            cc[u] = 1;
            cc[v] = 1;
            d[u]++;
            d[v]++;
            merge(u,v);
        }
        int cnt = 0;
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        {
            if (fa[i] == i && cc[i])
            {
                cnt++;
            }
        }
        if (cnt != 1)
        {
            printf("Impossible\n");
            continue;
        }
        cnt = 0;
        long long ans = 0;
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        {
            if (d[i] % 2 == 0)
            {
                int kk = d[i] / 2;
                if(kk % 2)
                {
                    ans ^= a[i];
                }
            }
            else
            {
                if (((d[i] + 1) / 2) % 2) ans ^= a[i];
                cnt++;
            }
        }
        if(cnt == 0)
        {
            ans = ans ^ a[1];
            for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++)
            {
                ans = max(ans ^ a[i],ans);
            }
        }
        if (cnt == 0 || cnt == 2)printf("%lld\n",ans);
        else printf("Impossible\n");
    }
    return 0;
}