1001系列之案例0004如何从餐厅订单数据中挖掘有效信息

本案例主要在于使用pandas的分组聚合函数和日期时间函数做简单分析。

import os                       #导入必要的库
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")
os.chdir("D:\Data\File")       #指定工作目录

%matplotlib inline               #可视化必要设置
plt.rcParams["font.sans-serif"] = ["KAITI"]
plt.rcParams["axes.unicode_minus"] = False

一、导入excel数据

detail1 = pd.read_excel('meal_order_detail.xlsx',sheet_name='meal_order_detail1')#读取订单详情表文件
detail2 = pd.read_excel('meal_order_detail.xlsx',sheet_name='meal_order_detail2')#读取订单详情表文件
detail3 = pd.read_excel('meal_order_detail.xlsx',sheet_name='meal_order_detail3')#读取订单详情表文件

data = pd.concat([detail1,detail2,detail3],axis=0)  #纵向拼接
data.head(3)

	detail_id	order_id	dishes_id	logicprn_name	parent_class_name	dishes_name	itemis_add	counts	amounts	cost	place_order_time	discount_amt	discount_reason	kick_back	add_inprice	add_info	bar_code	picture_file	emp_id
0	2956	417	610062	NaN	NaN	蒜蓉生蚝	0	1	49	NaN	2016-08-01 11:05:36	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	NaN	NaN	caipu/104001.jpg	1442
1	2958	417	609957	NaN	NaN	蒙古烤羊腿	0	1	48	NaN	2016-08-01 11:07:07	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	NaN	NaN	caipu/202003.jpg	1442
2	2961	417	609950	NaN	NaN	大蒜苋菜	0	1	30	NaN	2016-08-01 11:07:40	NaN	NaN	NaN	0	NaN	NaN	caipu/303001.jpg	1442

df1 = data.copy()

1.1 提出分析问题

# 1.订单表的长度，shape，values，columns
# 2.统计菜品的价格平均值（amount）
# 3.频数统计，什么菜最受欢迎
# 4.哪个id点的菜最多
# 5.哪个id吃的钱数多 
# 5.哪个id吃的平均菜价贵
# 6.一天什么时候吃饭最多
# 7.哪一天人吃饭最多
# 8.星期几人吃饭最多
# 9.每日菜品总价格，均价，中位数

1.2 查看数据集基本信息

from IPython.core.interactiveshell import InteractiveShell
InteractiveShell.ast_node_interactivity = "all"

二、分析用餐数据

2.1 订单表的长度，shape，values，columns

df1.columns
df1.size
df1.shape

Index(['detail_id', 'order_id', 'dishes_id', 'logicprn_name',
       'parent_class_name', 'dishes_name', 'itemis_add', 'counts', 'amounts',
       'cost', 'place_order_time', 'discount_amt', 'discount_reason',
       'kick_back