参考:https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/24425116博主写的很好,但不是特别适合初学的,自己稍微整理一下
一、准备
我的视频文件output.avi保存在文件夹E:\opencv下,先将视频划分为一个个的视频帧,程序如下:
import cv2
import os
import sys
from itertools import cycle
# 第一个输入参数是包含视频片段的路径
input_path = sys.argv[1]
# 第二个输入参数是设定每隔多少帧截取一帧
frame_interval = int(sys.argv[2])
# 列出文件夹下所有的视频文件
filenames = os.listdir(input_path)
# 获取文件夹名称
video_prefix = input_path.split(os.sep)[-1]
# 建立一个新的文件夹,名称为原文件夹名称后加上_frames
frame_path = '{}_frames'.format(input_path)
if not os.path.exists(frame_path):
os.mkdir(frame_path)
# 初始化一个VideoCapture对象
cap = cv2.VideoCapture()
# 遍历所有文件
for filename in filenames:
filepath = os.sep.join([input_path, filename])
# VideoCapture::open函数可以从文件获取视频
cap.open(filepath)
# 获取视频帧数
n_frames = int(cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT))
# 同样为了避免视频头几帧质量低下,黑屏或者无关等
for i in range(42):
cap.read()
for i in range(n_frames):
ret, frame = cap.read()
# 每隔frame_interval帧进行一次截屏操作
if i % frame_interval == 0:
imagename = '{}_{}_{:0>6d}.jpg'.format(video_prefix, filename.split('.')[0], i)
imagepath = os.sep.join([frame_path, imagename])
print('exported {}!'.format(imagepath))
cv2.imwrite(imagepath, frame)
# 执行结束释放资源
cap.release()
使用:上述代码保存为test.py,cmd命令下:
python test.py E:\opencv 24
其中os.sep代表路径中存在的分隔符 \ 或 /,Windows下和Linux下不一样。os.sep.join()在两个字符串间加入分隔符,最后生成的一帧帧图片保存在E:\opencv_frames下,把视频用一帧一帧的图片表示出来,使用itertools的cycle函数,代码如下:
import os
from itertools import cycle
import cv2
import sys
# 列出frames文件夹下的所有图片
frames = 'E:\opencv_frames'
filenames = os.listdir(frames)
# 通过itertools.cycle生成一个无限循环的迭代器,每次迭代都输出下一张图像对象
img_iter = cycle([cv2.imread(os.sep.join([frames, x])) for x in filenames])
key = 0
while key & 0xFF != ord('q'):
cv2.imshow('Animation', next(img_iter))
key = cv2.waitKey(42)
二、鼠标键盘事件
键盘事件就用cv2.waitKey()函数,为满足通过GUI交互画框功能的实现,需要定义一个鼠标的回调函数,通过绑定回调函数与指定的显示窗口,从而捕捉鼠标事件(cv2.setMouseCallback()),鼠标回调函数定义如下:
# 定义鼠标事件回调函数
def on_mouse(event, x, y, flags, param):
# 鼠标左键按下,抬起,双击
if event == cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN:
print('Left button down at ({}, {})'.format(x, y))
elif event == cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONUP:
print('Left button up at ({}, {})'.format(x, y))
elif event == cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONDBLCLK:
print('Left button double clicked at ({}, {})'.format(x, y))
# 鼠标右键按下,抬起,双击
elif event == cv2.EVENT_RBUTTONDOWN:
print('Right button down at ({}, {})'.format(x, y))
elif event == cv2.EVENT_RBUTTONUP:
print('Right button up at ({}, {})'.format(x, y))
elif event == cv2.EVENT_RBUTTONDBLCLK:
print('Right button double clicked at ({}, {})'.format(x, y))
# 鼠标中/滚轮键(如果有的话)按下,抬起,双击
elif event == cv2.EVENT_MBUTTONDOWN:
print('Middle button down at ({}, {})'.format(x, y))
elif event == cv2.EVENT_MBUTTONUP:
print('Middle button up at ({}, {})'.format(x, y))
elif event == cv2.EVENT_MBUTTONDBLCLK:
print('Middle button double clicked at ({}, {})'.format(x, y))
# 鼠标移动
elif event == cv2.EVENT_MOUSEMOVE:
print('Moving at ({}, {})'.format(x, y))
# 为指定的窗口绑定自定义的回调函数
cv2.namedWindow('Honeymoon Island')
cv2.setMouseCallback('Honeymoon Island', on_mouse)
三、画框
画框主要用的是opencv的矩形画图方法,配合cv2.putText()添加标签信息:
cv2.putText(canvas,"1",(155,155),font,0.5,(255,0,0),2)
参数解释:分别为——图片,要显示的文字,左上角坐标,字体(cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX),字体大小,颜色,线粗
画框代码如下(待优化):
import cv2
font=cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX
class boxing:
def __init__(self,path):
self.Path = path #####图片所在路径
self.draw = False #####画框的标志
self.pt0 = None #####矩形框左上角坐标
self.pt1 = None #####矩形框右下角坐标
self._boxes = [] #####用来存储每一个框的坐标信息
def _on_mouse(self,event,x,y,flags,para):
if event == cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN:
self.draw = True
self.pt0 = (x,y)
elif event == cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONUP:
self.draw = False
self.pt1 = (x,y)
self._boxes.append((self.pt0,self.pt1))
elif event == cv2.EVENT_MOUSEMOVE: #########鼠标移动的时候把画框轨迹显示出来
self.pt1 = (x, y)
def _drawing_box(self,img):
canvas = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img, 0, 16, 0, 0, cv2.BORDER_CONSTANT, value=(192,192,192))
##画完一个一个的框
for (bpt0,bpt1) in self._boxes:
cv2.rectangle(canvas,bpt0,bpt1,(255,0,0),2)
cv2.putText(canvas,"1",(bpt0[0]+1,bpt0[1]+5),font,0.5,(255,0,0),2)
###画每一个框显示轨迹
if self.draw:
cv2.rectangle(canvas,self.pt0,self.pt1,(255,0,0),thickness = 2)
return canvas
def start(self):
img = cv2.imread(self.Path)
cv2.namedWindow("Homeland")
cv2.setMouseCallback('Homeland', self._on_mouse)
#img = img.copy()
while (1):
img1 = self._drawing_box(img)
cv2.imshow('Homeland',img1)
cv2.imwrite('homeland.jpg',img1)
if cv2.waitKey(50)== ord('q'):
break
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
if __name__ == '__main__':
boxing = boxing('scene.jpg')
boxing.start()