Ansible中的任务控制

一、循环

循环迭代任务
1.简单循环

loop:		##赋值列表
            - value1
            - value2
            - ...

{{item}}	##迭代变量名称

实例
2.循环散列或字典列表

例题

受控主机上安装httpd .vsftpd. dhcp-server
并且建立两个用户
westosuser1 组id 444 家目录：/mnt/westosusr1
westosuser2 组id 6666 家目录： /mnt/westosuser2
两个用户的附加组是21

---
- name: test
  hosts: 172.25.12.1
  tasks:
    - name: dnf software
      dnf:
        name: "{{item.name}}"
        state: present
      loop:
         - name: dhcp-server
         - name: httpd
         - name: vsftpd
    - name: create group
      group:  
        name: "{{item.name}}"
        gid:  "{{item.gid}}"
        state: present
      loop: 
        - name: westosuser1
          gid:  4444
        - name: westosuser2
          gid:  6667
        - name: westosuser
          gid: 21
      ignore_errors: yes
    - name: create user
      user:
        name: "{{item.name}}"
        group: "{{item.group}}"
        groups: "{{item.groups}}"
        home:  "{{item.home}}"
      loop:
        - name: westosuser1
          group: 4444
          groups: 21
          home: /mnt/westosuser1
        - name: westosuser2
          group: 6667
          groups: 21
          home: /home/westosuser2

二.条件

when:
                   - 条件1
                   - 条件2

#条件判断#
=			        value == "字符串",value == 数字
<			        value <  数字
>			        value >  数字
<=			        value <= 数字
>=			        value >= 数字 
!=			        value != 数字
is defined value	value is defined	变量存在
is not defined		value is not defined	变量不存在
bool变量 为true		value			value的值为true
bool变量 false		not value		value的值为false
value in value2		value的值在value2列表中
#多条条件组合#
when：              条件1 and 条件2
                    - 条件1
                    - 条件2

when:
  条件1 or 条件2

when: >
  条件1
  or
  条件2

三.触发器

notify:		触发器当遇到更改是触发handlers
handlers：	触发器触发后执行的动作

四.处理失败任务

1.ignore_errors
#作用：
当play遇到任务失败是会终止
ignore_errors: yes 将会忽略任务失败使下面的任务继续运行

#实例#
- name: test
  dnf:
    name: westos
    state: latest
  ignore_errors: yes
  
- name: create file
  file:
    path: /mnt/westos
    state: touch

2. force_handlers
   作用：当任务失败后play被终止也会调用触发器进程

3.changed_when
作用： 控制任务在何时报告它已进行更改

4.failed_when 当符合条件时强制任务失败

5.block

block: 		    ##定义要运行的任务
rescue:		    ##定义当block句子中出现失败任务后运行的任务
always：	        ##定义最终独立运行的任务

测试练习#
建立playbook ~/westos.yml要求如下:
建立大小为1500M名为/dev/vdb1的设备
如果/dev/vdb不存在请输入:
/dev/vdb is not exist
如果/dev/vdb大小不足2G请输出：
/dev/vdb is less then 2G
并建立800M大小的/dev/vdb1
此设备挂载到/westos上

---
- name: disk 
  hosts: all
  tasks:
    - name: check dev_vdb
      debug:
        msg: "{{ansible_facts.enp1s0.ipv4.address }} is not exist with /dev/vdb"
      when: ansible_facts.devices.vdb is not defined
    - name: test block
      block:
        - name: create 1500M vdb1
          parted:
            device: /dev/vdb
            number: 1
            state: present
            part_end: 1.5GiB
          when: ansible_facts.devices.vdb is defined
      rescue:
        - name: create disk
          parted:
            device: /dev/vdb
            number: 1
            state: present
            part_end: 800MiB
        - debug:
            msg: "{{ansible_facts.enp1s0.ipv4.address}} is less then 1500 MiB "

      always:
        - name: filesystem
          filesystem:
            dev: /dev/vdb1
            fstype: xfs
          when: ansible_facts.devices.vdb is defined
        - name: mounted
          mount:
            path: /westos
            src: /dev/vdb1
            fstype: xfs
            state: mounted
          when: ansible_facts.devices.vdb is defined