Java虚拟机 - 高级篇

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-11 17:30:36 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-10-11 17:30:36 发布

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分类专栏： JVM 文章标签： java jvm 开发语言

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/ltt159264/article/details/142142941

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一、GraalVM

1. 什么是GraalVM

2. GraalVM的两种运行模式

（1）JIT即时编译模式

（2）AOT提前编译模式

3. 应用场景

4. 参数优化和故障诊断

二、新一代的GC

1. 垃圾回收器的技术演进

2. Shenandoah GC

测试代码：

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2005, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
 *
 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 * accompanied this code).
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 *
 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 * questions.
 */

package org.sample;

import com.sun.management.OperatingSystemMXBean;
import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.*;
import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.Runner;
import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.RunnerException;
import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.options.Options;
import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.options.OptionsBuilder;

import java.lang.management.ManagementFactory;
import java.lang.management.MemoryMXBean;
import java.lang.management.MemoryUsage;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

//执行5轮预热，每次持续2秒
@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 2, timeUnit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
//输出毫秒单位
@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
//统计方法执行的平均耗时
@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
//java -jar benchmarks.jar -rf json
@State(Scope.Benchmark)
public class MyBenchmark {

    //每次测试对象大小 4KB和4MB
    @Param({"4","4096"})
    int perSize;

    private void test(Blackhole blackhole){

        //每次循环创建堆内存60%对象 JMX获取到Java运行中的实时数据
        MemoryMXBean memoryMXBean = ManagementFactory.getMemoryMXBean();
        //获取堆内存大小
        MemoryUsage heapMemoryUsage = memoryMXBean.getHeapMemoryUsage();
        //获取到剩余的堆内存大小
        long heapSize = (long) ((heapMemoryUsage.getMax() - heapMemoryUsage.getUsed()) * 0.6);
        //计算循环次数
        long size = heapSize / (1024 * perSize);

        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            List<byte[]> objects = new ArrayList<>((int)size);
            for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
                objects.add(new byte[1024 * perSize]);
            }
            blackhole.consume(objects);
        }
    }

    @Benchmark
    @Fork(value = 1,jvmArgsAppend = {"-Xms4g","-Xmx4g","-XX:+UseSerialGC"})
    public void serialGC(Blackhole blackhole){
        test(blackhole);
    }
    
    @Benchmark
    @Fork(value = 1,jvmArgsAppend = {"-Xms4g","-Xmx4g","-XX:+UseParallelGC"})
    public void parallelGC(Blackhole blackhole){
        test(blackhole);
    }
    
    @Benchmark
    @Fork(value = 1,jvmArgsAppend = {"-Xms4g","-Xmx4g"})
    public void g1(Blackhole blackhole){
        test(blackhole);
    }

    @Benchmark
    @Fork(value = 1,jvmArgsAppend = {"-Xms4g","-Xmx4g","-XX:+UseShenandoahGC"})
    public void shenandoahGC(Blackhole blackhole){
        test(blackhole);
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) throws RunnerException {

        Options opt = new OptionsBuilder()
                .include(MyBenchmark.class.getSimpleName())
                .forks(1)
                .build();

        new Runner(opt).run();
    }
}

测试结果：Shenandoah GC对小对象的GC停顿很短，但是大对象效果不佳。

3. ZGC

测试代码：

@Benchmark
@Fork(value = 1,jvmArgsAppend = {"-Xms4g","-Xmx4g","-XX:+UseZGC","-XX:+UseLargePages"})
public void zGC(Blackhole blackhole){
    test(blackhole);
}

@Benchmark
@Fork(value = 1,jvmArgsAppend = {"-Xms4g","-Xmx4g","-XX:+UseZGC","-XX:+ZGenerational","-XX:+UseLargePages"})
public void zGCGenerational(Blackhole blackhole){
    test(blackhole);
}

测试结果：

4. 实战案例

package com.itheima.jvmoptimize.fullgcdemo;

import com.github.benmanes.caffeine.cache.Cache;
import com.github.benmanes.caffeine.cache.Caffeine;
import lombok.SneakyThrows;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.RandomStringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/fullgc")
public class Demo2Controller {

    private Cache cache = Caffeine.newBuilder().weakKeys().softValues().build();
    private List<Object> objs = new ArrayList<>();

    private static final int _1MB = 1024 * 1024;

    //FULLGC测试
    //-Xms8g -Xmx8g -Xss256k -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=512m  -XX:+DisableExplicitGC -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -XX:HeapDumpPath=D:/test.hprof  -verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps
    //ps + po 50并发 260ms  100并发 474  200并发 930
    //cms -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC 50并发 157ms  200并发 833
    //g1 JDK11 并发200 248
    @GetMapping("/1")
    public void test() throws InterruptedException {
        cache.put(RandomStringUtils.randomAlphabetic(8),new byte[10 * _1MB]);
    }

}

三、揭秘Java工具

1. Java工具的核心：Java Agent技术

（1）静态加载模式

（2）动态加载模式

步骤①：创建Maven项目，添加maven-assembly-plugin插件，此插件可以打包出java agent的jar包

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
    <configuration>
        <descriptorRefs>
            <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
        </descriptorRefs>
        <archive>
            <manifestFile>src/main/resources/MANIFEST.MF</manifestFile>
        </archive>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

②：编写类和premain方法，premain方法中打印一行信息

public class AgentDemo {

    /**
     * 参数添加模式 启动java主程序时添加 -javaangent:agent路径
     * @param agentArgs
     * @param inst
     */
    public static void premain(String agentArgs, Instrumentation inst) {
        System.out.println("java agent执行了...");
    }
}

③编写MANIFEST.MF文件，此文件主要用于描述java agent的配置属性，比如使用哪一个类的premain方法

Manifest-Version: 1.0
Premain-Class: com.itheima.jvm.javaagent.AgentDemo
Agent-Class: com.itheima.jvm.javaagent.AgentDemo
Can-Redefine-Classes: true
Can-Retransform-Classes: true
Can-Set-Native-Method-Prefix: true

④使用maven-assembly-plugin进行打包

⑤创建spring boot应用，并静态加载上一步打包完的java agent

步骤①：创建maven项目，添加maven-assembly-plugin插件，此插件可以打包出java agent的jar包

②编写类和agentmain方法， agentmain方法中打印一行信息

package com.itheima.jvm.javaagent.demo01;

import java.lang.instrument.Instrumentation;

public class AgentDemo {

    /**
     * 参数添加模式 启动java主程序时添加 -javaangent:agent路径
     * @param agentArgs
     * @param inst
     */
    public static void premain(String agentArgs, Instrumentation inst) {
        System.out.println("java agent执行了...");
    }

    /**
     * attach 挂载模式 java主程序运行之后，随时可以将agent挂载上去
     */

    public static void agentmain(String agentArgs, Instrumentation inst) {
        //打印线程名称
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
        System.out.println("attach模式执行了...");
    }
}

③编写MANIFEST.MF文件，此文件主要用于描述java agent的配置属性，比如使用哪一个类的agentmain方法。

④使用maven-assembly-plugin进行打包。

⑤编写main方法，动态连接到运行中的java程序。

package com.itheima.jvm.javaagent.demo01;

import com.sun.tools.attach.AgentInitializationException;
import com.sun.tools.attach.AgentLoadException;
import com.sun.tools.attach.AttachNotSupportedException;
import com.sun.tools.attach.VirtualMachine;

import java.io.IOException;

public class AttachMain {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, AttachNotSupportedException, AgentLoadException, AgentInitializationException {
        VirtualMachine vm = VirtualMachine.attach("24200");
        vm.loadAgent("D:\\jvm-java-agent\\target\\itheima-jvm-java-agent-jar-with-dependencies.jar");
    }
}

2. 实战案例1：简化版的Arthas

（1）查看内存使用情况

package com.itheima.jvm.javaagent.demo02;

import java.lang.instrument.Instrumentation;
import java.lang.management.*;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 1、查询所有进程
 * 2、显示内存相关的信息
 */
public class AgentDemo {

    /**
     * 参数添加模式 启动java主程序时添加 -javaangent:agent路径
     * @param agentArgs
     * @param inst
     */
    public static void premain(String agentArgs, Instrumentation inst) {
        System.out.println("java agent执行了...");
    }

    /**
     * attach 挂载模式 java主程序运行之后，随时可以将agent挂载上去
     */

    //-XX:+UseSerialGC -Xmx1g -Xms512m
    public static void agentmain(String agentArgs, Instrumentation inst) {
        //打印内存的使用情况
        memory();
    }

    //获取内存信息
    private static void memory(){
        List<MemoryPoolMXBean> memoryPoolMXBeans = ManagementFactory.getMemoryPoolMXBeans();

        System.out.println("堆内存：");
        //获取堆内存
        getMemoryInfo(memoryPoolMXBeans, MemoryType.HEAP);

        //获取非堆内存
        System.out.println("非堆内存：");
        getMemoryInfo(memoryPoolMXBeans, MemoryType.NON_HEAP);
    }

    private static void getMemoryInfo(List<MemoryPoolMXBean> memoryPoolMXBeans, MemoryType heap) {
        memoryPoolMXBeans.stream().filter(x -> x.getType().equals(heap))
                .forEach(x -> {
                    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
                    sb
                            .append("name:")
                            .append(x.getName())

                            .append(" used:")
                            .append(x.getUsage().getUsed() / 1024 / 1024)
                            .append("m")

                            .append(" max:")
                            .append(x.getUsage().getMax() / 1024 / 1024)
                            .append("m")

                            .append(" committed:")
                            .append(x.getUsage().getCommitted() / 1024 / 1024)
                            .append("m");

                    System.out.println(sb);
                });
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        memory();
    }
}

（2）查看直接内存使用情况，生成堆内存快照

查看直接内存使用情况：

package com.itheima.jvm.javaagent.demo02;

import java.lang.instrument.Instrumentation;
import java.lang.management.*;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 1、查询所有进程
 * 2、显示内存相关的信息
 */
public class AgentDemo {

    /**
     * 参数添加模式 启动java主程序时添加 -javaangent:agent路径
     * @param agentArgs
     * @param inst
     */
    public static void premain(String agentArgs, Instrumentation inst) {
        System.out.println("java agent执行了...");
    }

    /**
     * attach 挂载模式 java主程序运行之后，随时可以将agent挂载上去
     */

    //-XX:+UseSerialGC -Xmx1g -Xms512m
    public static void agentmain(String agentArgs, Instrumentation inst) {
        //打印内存的使用情况
        memory();
    }

    //获取内存信息
    private static void memory(){
        List<MemoryPoolMXBean> memoryPoolMXBeans = ManagementFactory.getMemoryPoolMXBeans();

        System.out.println("堆内存：");
        //获取堆内存
        getMemoryInfo(memoryPoolMXBeans, MemoryType.HEAP);

        //获取非堆内存
        System.out.println("非堆内存：");
        getMemoryInfo(memoryPoolMXBeans, MemoryType.NON_HEAP);

        //nio使用的直接内存
        try{
            @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
            Class bufferPoolMXBeanClass = Class.forName("java.lang.management.BufferPoolMXBean");
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            List<BufferPoolMXBean> bufferPoolMXBeans = ManagementFactory.getPlatformMXBeans(bufferPoolMXBeanClass);
            for (BufferPoolMXBean mbean : bufferPoolMXBeans) {
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
                sb
                        .append("name:")
                        .append(mbean.getName())

                        .append(" used:")
                        .append(mbean.getMemoryUsed()/ 1024 / 1024)
                        .append("m")

                        .append(" max:")
                        .append(mbean.getTotalCapacity() / 1024 / 1024)
                        .append("m");

                System.out.println(sb);
            }
        }catch (Exception e){
            System.out.println(e);
        }

    }

    private static void getMemoryInfo(List<MemoryPoolMXBean> memoryPoolMXBeans, MemoryType heap) {
        memoryPoolMXBeans.stream().filter(x -> x.getType().equals(heap))
                .forEach(x -> {
                    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
                    sb
                            .append("name:")
                            .append(x.getName())

                            .append(" used:")
                            .append(x.getUsage().getUsed() / 1024 / 1024)
                            .append("m")

                            .append(" max:")
                            .append(x.getUsage().getMax() / 1024 / 1024)
                            .append("m")

                            .append(" committed:")
                            .append(x.getUsage().getCommitted() / 1024 / 1024)
                            .append("m");

                    System.out.println(sb);
                });
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        memory();
    }
}

生成内存快照：

public static void heapDump(){
    SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm");
    String filename = simpleDateFormat.format(new Date()) + ".hprof";
    System.out.println("生成内存dump文件，文件名为:" + filename);

    HotSpotDiagnosticMXBean hotSpotDiagnosticMXBean =
            ManagementFactory.getPlatformMXBean(HotSpotDiagnosticMXBean.class);

    try {
        hotSpotDiagnosticMXBean.dumpHeap(filename, true);
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

（3）打印栈信息

package com.itheima.jvm.javaagent.demo03;

import java.lang.management.ManagementFactory;
import java.lang.management.ThreadInfo;
import java.lang.management.ThreadMXBean;

public class ThreadCommand {

    public static void printStackInfo(){
        ThreadMXBean threadMXBean = ManagementFactory.getThreadMXBean();
        ThreadInfo[] infos = threadMXBean.dumpAllThreads(threadMXBean.isObjectMonitorUsageSupported(),
                threadMXBean.isSynchronizerUsageSupported());
        // 打印线程信息
        for (ThreadInfo info : infos) {
            StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
            stringBuilder.append("name:")
                    .append(info.getThreadName())
                    .append(" threadId:")
                    .append(info.getThreadId())
                    .append(" state:")
                    .append(info.getThreadState())
            ;
            System.out.println(stringBuilder);

            // 打印栈信息
            StackTraceElement[] stackTrace = info.getStackTrace();
            for (StackTraceElement stackTraceElement : stackTrace) {
                System.out.println(stackTraceElement.toString());
            }

            System.out.println();
        }
    }



    public static void main(String[] args) {
        printStackInfo();
    }
}

（4）打印类加载器

package com.itheima.jvm.javaagent.demo04;

import org.jd.core.v1.ClassFileToJavaSourceDecompiler;
import org.jd.core.v1.api.loader.Loader;
import org.jd.core.v1.api.loader.LoaderException;
import org.jd.core.v1.api.printer.Printer;

import java.lang.instrument.*;
import java.security.ProtectionDomain;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

public class ClassCommand {

    //获取所有类加载器
    private static Set<ClassLoader> getAllClassLoader(Instrumentation inst){
        HashSet<ClassLoader> classLoaders = new HashSet<>();
        Class[] allLoadedClasses = inst.getAllLoadedClasses();
        for (Class clazz : allLoadedClasses) {
            ClassLoader classLoader = clazz.getClassLoader();
            classLoaders.add(classLoader);
        }

        return classLoaders;
    }

    public static void printAllClassLoader(Instrumentation inst){
        Set<ClassLoader> allClassLoader = getAllClassLoader(inst);
        String result = allClassLoader.stream().map(x -> {
            if (x ==null) {
                return "BootStrapClassLoader";
            } else {
                return x.getName();
            }
        }).filter(x -> x != null).distinct().sorted(String::compareTo).collect(Collectors.joining(","));
        
        System.out.println(result);
    }
}

（5）打印类的源码

pom添加依赖：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.jd</groupId>
    <artifactId>jd-core</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.3</version>
</dependency>

//获取类信息
public static void printClass(Instrumentation inst){
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    System.out.println("请输入类名:");
    String next = scanner.next();
    Class[] allLoadedClasses = inst.getAllLoadedClasses();
    System.out.println("要查找的类名是:" + next);
    //匹配类名
    for (Class clazz : allLoadedClasses) {
        if(clazz.getName().equals(next)){
            System.out.println("找到了类,类加载器为:" + clazz.getClassLoader());
            ClassFileTransformer transformer = new ClassFileTransformer() {
                @Override
                public byte[] transform(Module module, ClassLoader loader, String className, Class<?> classBeingRedefined, ProtectionDomain protectionDomain, byte[] classfileBuffer) throws IllegalClassFormatException {
                    ClassFileToJavaSourceDecompiler classFileToJavaSourceDecompiler = new ClassFileToJavaSourceDecompiler();

                    Printer printer = new Printer() {
                        protected static final String TAB = "  ";
                        protected static final String NEWLINE = "\n";

                        protected int indentationCount = 0;
                        protected StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

                        @Override public String toString() { return sb.toString(); }

                        @Override public void start(int maxLineNumber, int majorVersion, int minorVersion) {}
                        @Override public void end() {
                            System.out.println(sb.toString());
                        }

                        @Override public void printText(String text) { sb.append(text); }
                        @Override public void printNumericConstant(String constant) { sb.append(constant); }
                        @Override public void printStringConstant(String constant, String ownerInternalName) { sb.append(constant); }
                        @Override public void printKeyword(String keyword) { sb.append(keyword); }
                        @Override public void printDeclaration(int type, String internalTypeName, String name, String descriptor) { sb.append(name); }
                        @Override public void printReference(int type, String internalTypeName, String name, String descriptor, String ownerInternalName) { sb.append(name); }

                        @Override public void indent() { this.indentationCount++; }
                        @Override public void unindent() { this.indentationCount--; }

                        @Override public void startLine(int lineNumber) { for (int i=0; i<indentationCount; i++) sb.append(TAB); }
                        @Override public void endLine() { sb.append(NEWLINE); }
                        @Override public void extraLine(int count) { while (count-- > 0) sb.append(NEWLINE); }

                        @Override public void startMarker(int type) {}
                        @Override public void endMarker(int type) {}
                    };

                    try {
                        classFileToJavaSourceDecompiler.decompile(new Loader() {
                            @Override
                            public boolean canLoad(String s) {
                                return false;
                            }

                            @Override
                            public byte[] load(String s) throws LoaderException {
                                return classfileBuffer;
                            }
                        },printer,className);
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    //System.out.println(new String(classfileBuffer));
                    return ClassFileTransformer.super.transform(module, loader, className, classBeingRedefined, protectionDomain, classfileBuffer);
                }
            };

            inst.addTransformer(transformer,true);
            try {
                inst.retransformClasses(clazz);
            } catch (UnmodifiableClassException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }finally {
                inst.removeTransformer(transformer);
            }

        }
    }
}

（6）打印方法执行的参数和耗时

（1）ASM

package com.itheima.jvm.javaagent.demo05;

import org.objectweb.asm.*;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;

import static org.objectweb.asm.Opcodes.*;

public class ASMDemo {

    public static byte[] classASM(byte[] bytes){
        ClassWriter cw = new ClassWriter(0);
        // cv forwards all events to cw
        ClassVisitor cv = new ClassVisitor(ASM7, cw) {
            @Override
            public MethodVisitor visitMethod(int access, String name, String descriptor, String signature, String[] exceptions) {
                MethodVisitor mv = cv.visitMethod(access, name, descriptor, signature, exceptions);
                return new MyMethodVisitor(this.api,mv);
            }
        };
        ClassReader cr = new ClassReader(bytes);
        cr.accept(cv, 0);

        return cw.toByteArray();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException {
        InputStream inputStream = ASMDemo.class.getResourceAsStream("/com/itheima/jvm/javaagent/demo05/ASMDemo.class");
        byte[] b1 = inputStream.readAllBytes();

        byte[] b2 = classASM(b1); // b2 represents the same class as b1

        //创建类加载器
        MyClassLoader myClassLoader = new MyClassLoader();
        Class clazz = myClassLoader.defineClass("com.itheima.jvm.javaagent.demo05.ASMDemo", b2);
        clazz.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
    }
}

class MyClassLoader extends ClassLoader {
    public Class defineClass(String name, byte[] b) {
        return defineClass(name, b, 0, b.length);
    }
}

class MyMethodVisitor extends MethodVisitor {

    public MyMethodVisitor(int api, MethodVisitor methodVisitor) {
        super(api, methodVisitor);
    }

    @Override
    public void visitCode() {
        mv.visitFieldInsn(Opcodes.GETSTATIC,"java/lang/System","out","Ljava/io/PrintStream;");
        mv.visitLdcInsn("开始执行");
        mv.visitMethodInsn(INVOKEVIRTUAL,"java/io/PrintStream","println","(Ljava/lang/String;)V",false);
        super.visitCode();
    }

    @Override
    public void visitInsn(int opcode) {
        if(opcode == ARETURN || opcode == RETURN ) {
            mv.visitFieldInsn(Opcodes.GETSTATIC,"java/lang/System","out","Ljava/io/PrintStream;");
            mv.visitLdcInsn("结束执行");
            mv.visitMethodInsn(INVOKEVIRTUAL,"java/io/PrintStream","println","(Ljava/lang/String;)V",false);
        }
        super.visitInsn(opcode);
    }

    @Override
    public void visitEnd() {
        mv.visitMaxs(20,50);
        super.visitEnd();
    }

}

（2）Byte Buddy 字节码增强技术

3. 编写一个Advice通知描述如何去增强类：

package com.itheima.jvm.javaagent.demo05;

import net.bytebuddy.ByteBuddy;
import net.bytebuddy.agent.ByteBuddyAgent;
import net.bytebuddy.asm.Advice;
import net.bytebuddy.dynamic.DynamicType;
import net.bytebuddy.dynamic.loading.ClassReloadingStrategy;
import net.bytebuddy.matcher.ElementMatchers;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;

public class ByteBuddyDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException {

        Foo foo = new Foo();
        MyClassLoader myClassLoader = new MyClassLoader();

        Class<? extends Foo> newClazz = new ByteBuddy()
                .subclass(Foo.class)
                .method(ElementMatchers.any())
                .intercept(Advice.to(MyAdvice.class))
                .make()
                .load(myClassLoader)
                .getLoaded();

        Foo foo1 = newClazz.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
        foo1.test();
    }
}

class MyAdvice {
    @Advice.OnMethodEnter
    static void onEnter(){
        System.out.println("方法进入");
    }

    @Advice.OnMethodExit
    static void onExit(){
        System.out.println("方法退出");
    }

}

增强后的代码：

package com.itheima.jvm.javaagent.demo05;

import net.bytebuddy.agent.builder.AgentBuilder;
import net.bytebuddy.asm.Advice;
import net.bytebuddy.description.method.MethodDescription;
import net.bytebuddy.description.type.TypeDescription;
import net.bytebuddy.dynamic.DynamicType;
import net.bytebuddy.implementation.MethodDelegation;
import net.bytebuddy.matcher.ElementMatchers;
import net.bytebuddy.utility.JavaModule;
import org.jd.core.v1.ClassFileToJavaSourceDecompiler;
import org.jd.core.v1.api.loader.Loader;
import org.jd.core.v1.api.loader.LoaderException;
import org.jd.core.v1.api.printer.Printer;

import java.lang.instrument.ClassFileTransformer;
import java.lang.instrument.IllegalClassFormatException;
import java.lang.instrument.Instrumentation;
import java.lang.instrument.UnmodifiableClassException;
import java.security.ProtectionDomain;
import java.util.Scanner;

import static net.bytebuddy.matcher.ElementMatchers.isMethod;

public class ClassEnhancerCommand {


    //获取类信息
    public static void enhanceClass(Instrumentation inst){
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入类名:");
        String next = scanner.next();
        Class[] allLoadedClasses = inst.getAllLoadedClasses();
        System.out.println("要查找的类名是:" + next);
        //匹配类名
        for (Class clazz : allLoadedClasses) {
            if(clazz.getName().equals(next)){
                System.out.println("找到了类,类加载器为:" + clazz.getClassLoader());

                new AgentBuilder.Default()
                        .disableClassFormatChanges()
                        .with(AgentBuilder.RedefinitionStrategy.RETRANSFORMATION)
                        .with( //new AgentBuilder.Listener.WithErrorsOnly(
                                new AgentBuilder.Listener.WithTransformationsOnly(
                                        AgentBuilder.Listener.StreamWriting.toSystemOut()))
                        //.type(ElementMatchers.isAnnotatedWith(named("org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController")))
                        .type(ElementMatchers.named(clazz.getName()))
                        .transform((builder, type, classLoader, module, protectionDomain) ->
                                builder.visit(Advice.to(MyAdvice.class).on(ElementMatchers.any()))
//                                builder .method(ElementMatchers.any())
//                                        .intercept(MethodDelegation.to(MyInterceptor.class))
                        )
                        .installOn(inst);
            }
        }
    }
}

package com.itheima.jvm.javaagent.demo07;

import net.bytebuddy.asm.Advice;

class MyAdvice {
    @Advice.OnMethodEnter
    static long enter(@Advice.AllArguments Object[] ary) {
        if(ary != null) {
            for(int i =0 ; i < ary.length ; i++){
                System.out.println("Argument: " + i + " is " + ary[i]);
            }
        }
        return System.nanoTime();
    }

    @Advice.OnMethodExit
    static void exit(@Advice.Enter long value) {
        System.out.println("耗时为：" + (System.nanoTime() - value) + "纳秒");
    }
}

最后将整个简化版的arthas进行打包，在服务器上进行测试。使用maven-shade-plugin插件可以将所有依赖打入同一个jar包中并指定入口main方法

<!--打包成jar包使用-->

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>1.4</version>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
                <goal>shade</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
                <finalName>itheima-attach-agent</finalName>
                <transformers>
                    <!--java -jar 默认启动的主类-->
                    <transformer
                            implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                        <mainClass>com.itheima.jvm.javaagent.AttachMain</mainClass>
                    </transformer>
                </transformers>
            </configuration>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

3. 实战案例2：APM系统的数据采集

Java Agent参数的获取

在Java Agent中如果需要传递参数到Byte Buddy，可以采用如下的方式：

1、绑定Key Value，Key是一个自定义注解，Value是参数的值。

2、自定义注解

3、通过注解注入

代码：

package com.itheima.javaagent;

import com.itheima.javaagent.command.ClassCommand;
import com.itheima.javaagent.command.MemoryCommand;
import com.itheima.javaagent.command.ThreadCommand;
import com.itheima.javaagent.enhancer.AgentParam;
import com.itheima.javaagent.enhancer.MyAdvice;
import com.itheima.javaagent.enhancer.TimingAdvice;
import net.bytebuddy.agent.builder.AgentBuilder;
import net.bytebuddy.asm.Advice;
import net.bytebuddy.matcher.ElementMatchers;

import java.lang.instrument.Instrumentation;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class AgentMain {
    //premain方法
    public static void premain(String agentArgs, Instrumentation inst){
        //使用bytebuddy增强类
        new AgentBuilder.Default()
                //禁止byte buddy处理时修改类名
                .disableClassFormatChanges()
                //处理时使用retransform增强
                .with(AgentBuilder.RedefinitionStrategy.RETRANSFORMATION)
                //打印出错误日志
                .with(new AgentBuilder.Listener.WithTransformationsOnly(AgentBuilder.Listener.StreamWriting
                        .toSystemOut()))
                //匹配哪些类
                .type(ElementMatchers.isAnnotatedWith(ElementMatchers.named("org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController")
                        .or(ElementMatchers.named("org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.Controller")))
                )
                //增强，使用MyAdvice通知，对所有方法都进行增强
                .transform((builder, typeDescription, classLoader, module, protectionDomain) ->
                        builder.visit(Advice
                                        .withCustomMapping()
                                        .bind(AgentParam.class,agentArgs)
                                .to(TimingAdvice.class).on(ElementMatchers.any())))
                .installOn(inst);
    }

   

}

package com.itheima.javaagent.enhancer;

import net.bytebuddy.asm.Advice;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

//统计耗时，打印方法名、类名
public class TimingAdvice {

    //方法进入时，返回开始时间
    @Advice.OnMethodEnter
    static long enter(){
        return System.nanoTime();
    }

    //方法退出时候，统计方法执行耗时
    @Advice.OnMethodExit
    static void exit(@Advice.Enter long value,
                     @Advice.Origin("#t") String className,
                     @Advice.Origin("#m") String methodName,
                     @AgentParam("agent.log") String fileName){
        String str = methodName + "@" + className + "耗时为: " + (System.nanoTime() - value) + "纳秒\n";
        try {
            FileUtils.writeStringToFile(new File(fileName),str, StandardCharsets.UTF_8,true);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}