一、Servlet基础
1、手工编写第一个Servlet
重写doGet()还是doPost()方法取决于用户提交请求的方式,采用get方式提交请求,重写doGet()方法;采用post方式提交请求,重写doPost()方法。
例如:
index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
<a href="servlet/HelloServlet1">doGet方法</a> <!--href与web.xml中的url-pattern一致-->
<form name="myServlet" action="servlet/HelloServlet1" method="post"> <!--action与web.xml中的url-pattern一致-->
<input type="submit" name="doPost方法">
</form>
</body>
</html>
src下创建servlet包,新建HelloServlet.java类
package servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter;
public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet{//继承HttpServlet方法
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("doGet方法...");
PrintWriter pw=response.getWriter();
response.setCharacterEncoding("text/html;charset=utf-8");
pw.print("<h1>aaaa</h1>");
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("doPost方法...");
PrintWriter pw=response.getWriter();
response.setCharacterEncoding("text/html;charset=utf-8");
pw.print("<h1>bbbbb</h1>");
//也可以使用doGet(request,response);代替上面的4行,意思是让doPost()执行与doGet()相同的操作
}
}
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">
<display-name>MyFirstServletDemo</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>myServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>myServlet</servlet-name> <!--两个servlet-name一致-->
<url-pattern>/servlet/HelloServlet1</url-pattern> <!--第一个/表示根目录-->
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
2、使用MyEclipse编写Servlet
在src下新建一个servlet,其余基本同上,MyEclipse自己创建
3、Servlet的执行流程和生命周期
Servlet生命周期:
1)初始化阶段,调用init()方法(先创建实例,所以构造方法在init()方法之前被调用)
2)响应客户端请求,调用service方法。由service方法根据提交方式选择执行deGet()或者doPost()方法
3)终止阶段,调用destory()方法
4、Servlet与JSP内置对象的对应关系
5、servlet获取表单数据
例如:
注册页面reg.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<html>
<head>
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/My97DatePicker/WdatePicker.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>用户注册</h1>
<hr>
<form action="servlet/regServlet" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>用户名</td>
<td><input name="username" type="text"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密码</td>
<td><input name="password" type="password"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<input name="sex" type="radio" value="male" checked="checked">男
<input name="sex" type="radio" value="female">女
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>邮箱</td>
<td><input name="email" type="text"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>生日</td>
<td><input type="text" name="birthday" onclick="WdatePicker({dateFmt:'yyyy-MM-dd'});"/>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>爱好</td>
<td>
<input name="hobby" type="checkbox" value="travel">旅游
<input name="hobby" type="checkbox" value="reading">读书
<input name="hobby" type="checkbox" value="sports">运动
<input name="hobby" type="checkbox" value="movie">电影
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>自我介绍</td>
<td><textarea name="introduce" rows="10" cols="40"></textarea></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input name="flag" type="checkbox" value="true">是否同意某某协议</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input type="submit" value="注册"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
src下entity包里的User.java
package entity;
import java.util.Date;
public class User {
private String username;
private String password;
private String sex;
private String email;
private Date birthday;
private String[] hobby;
private String introduce;
private boolean flag;
/*private boolean isAccept;*/