使用curl进行网站测速

原文地址:https://www.lujun9972.win/blog/2021/06/08/使用curl进行网站测速/index.html

网站访问可以分为下面几个阶段：

• DNS 域名解析
• 通过SSL协议交换密钥（HTTPS)
• 与服务端创建 TCP 访问连接
• 客户端发起请求
• 服务端收到请求并准备回应内容
• 服务端回复回应内容

当我们优化网站速度时通常要现确定哪个阶段是耗时大头。而令我感到惊奇的是，原来 curl 的 -w 选项可以让 curl 完成访问网站的操作后将各阶段的耗时情况（以及其他一些访问信息）输出到标准输出。

man curl 中关于 -w 选项的说明如下：

-w, --write-out <format>
       Make curl display information on stdout after a completed trans‐
       fer. The format is a string that may contain  plain  text  mixed
       with  any  number of variables. The format can be specified as a
       literal "string", or you can have curl read the  format  from  a
       file  with  "@filename" and to tell curl to read the format from
       stdin you write "@-".

       The variables present in the output format will  be  substituted
       by  the  value or text that curl thinks fit, as described below.
       All variables are specified as %{variable_name} and to output  a
       normal  % you just write them as %%. You can output a newline by
       using \n, a carriage return with \r and a tab space with \t.

       NOTE: The %-symbol is a special symbol in the win32-environment,
       where  all  occurrences  of  %  must  be doubled when using this
       option.

       The variables available are:

       content_type   The Content-Type of the  requested  document,  if
                      there was any.

       filename_effective
                      The  ulti