通过解析Xml配置文件，获取配置信息，进行实例化

测试类

package cn.itheima.web.servlet1;

import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.junit.Test;

public class TestMyServlet {

    @Test
    public void testMyServlet(){
        try {
            //1.创建解析器对象
            SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
            //2.使用解析器加载web.xml文件得到document对象
            Document document = saxReader.read("src/cn/itheima/web/servlet1/web.xml");
            //3.获取根元素节点
            Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();
            //4.根据元素名称获取子元素节点
            Element servletElement = rootElement.element("servlet");
            //5.根据元素名称获取servlet-class的文本节点
            String servletClass = servletElement.element("servlet-class").getText();
            //System.out.println(servletClass);
            //6.通过类全名获取字节码文件
            Class clazz = Class.forName(servletClass);
            //7.创建实例对象
            MyServlet1 my = (MyServlet1) clazz.newInstance();
            //8.调用实例对象里面的方法
            my.init();
            my.service();
            my.destory();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

web.xml 配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://www.example.org/web-app_2_5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.example.org/web-app_2_5 web-app_2_5.xsd"
    version="2.5">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>MyServlet1</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>cn.itheima.web.servlet1.MyServlet1</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>MyServlet1</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/myServlet1</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>MyServlet2</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>cn.itheima.web.servlet1.MyServlet2</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>MyServlet2</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/myServlet2</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

接口

package cn.itheima.web.servlet1;

public interface IMyServlet {

    public void init();

    public void service();

    public void destory();
}

实例化1

package cn.itheima.web.servlet1;

public class MyServlet1 implements IMyServlet{

    @Override
    public void init() {
        System.out.println("MyServlet1诞生了……");
    }

    @Override
    public void service() {
        System.out.println("MyServlet1开始服务了……");
    }

    @Override
    public void destory() {
        System.out.println("MyServlet1销毁了……");
    }

}

实例化2

package cn.itheima.web.servlet1;

public class MyServlet2 implements IMyServlet{

    @Override
    public void init() {
        System.out.println("MyServlet2诞生了……");
    }

    @Override
    public void service() {
        System.out.println("MyServlet2开始服务了……");
    }

    @Override
    public void destory() {
        System.out.println("MyServlet2销毁了……");
    }

}

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运行效果