别名
包装(Wrapper)模式
定义
Attach additional responsibilities to an object dynamically. Decorators provide a flexible alternative to subclassing for extending functionality.
在对象上动态地附加责任,装饰者为子类扩展功能提供了一个灵活的选择。
结构
组成
组件
- 定义一个能让对象动态地附加责任的接口
具体组件
- 定义一个可以附加额外责任的对象
装饰者
- 保持对组件对象的引用
- 定义与组件相符的接口
具体装饰者
- 在组件上添加责任
应用
JDK中的IO流,输入流、输出流、读者、写者……
代码
组件
仓库
https://github.com/luoxin1992/DesignPatterns/tree/master/src/prj/designpatterns/decorator
组件
package prj.designpatterns.decorator.prototype;
/**
* 组件
*
* @author LuoXin
*
*/
public abstract class Component {
public abstract void operate();
}
具体组件
package prj.designpatterns.decorator.prototype;
/**
* 具体组件
*
* @author LuoXin
*
*/
public class ConcreteComponent extends Component {
@Override
public void operate() {
System.out.println("我是未装饰的组件");
}
}
装饰者
package prj.designpatterns.decorator.prototype;
/**
* 装饰者
*
* @author LuoXin
*
*/
public abstract class Decorator extends Component {
private Component component;
public Decorator(Component component) {
this.component = component;
}
public void operate() {
this.component.operate();
}
}
具体装饰者
package prj.designpatterns.decorator.prototype;
/**
* 具体装饰者
*
* @author LuoXin
*
*/
public class ConcreteDecoratorA extends Decorator {
public ConcreteDecoratorA(Component component) {
super(component);
}
public void decorate() {
System.out.println("我是装饰A");
}
@Override
public void operate() {
this.decorate();
super.operate();
}
}
客户端
package prj.designpatterns.decorator.prototype;
/**
* 客户端
*
* @author LuoXin
*
*/
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ConcreteComponent component = new ConcreteComponent();
ConcreteDecoratorA decoratorA = new ConcreteDecoratorA(component);
ConcreteDecoratorB decoratorB = new ConcreteDecoratorB(decoratorA);
decoratorB.operate();
}
}
仓库
https://github.com/luoxin1992/DesignPatterns/tree/master/src/prj/designpatterns/decorator