POJ3463：Sightseeing

Sightseeing Time Limit: 2000MS   Memory Limit: 65536K Total Submissions: 4917   Accepted: 1688 Description Tour operator Your Personal Holiday organises guided bus trips across the Benelux. Every day the bus moves from one city S to another city F. On this way, the tourists in the bus can see the sights alongside the route travelled. Moreover, the bus makes a number of stops (zero or more) at some beautiful cities, where the tourists get out to see the local sights. Different groups of tourists may have different preferences for the sights they want to see, and thus for the route to be taken from S to F. Therefore, Your Personal Holiday wants to offer its clients a choice from many different routes. As hotels have been booked in advance, the starting city S and the final city F, though, are fixed. Two routes from S to F are considered different if there is at least one road from a city A to a city B which is part of one route, but not of the other route. There is a restriction on the routes that the tourists may choose from. To leave enough time for the sightseeing at the stops (and to avoid using too much fuel), the bus has to take a short route from S to F. It has to be either a route with minimal distance, or a route which is one distance unit longer than the minimal distance. Indeed, by allowing routes that are one distance unit longer, the tourists may have more choice than by restricting them to exactly the minimal routes. This enhances the impression of a personal holiday. For example, for the above road map, there are two minimal routes from S = 1 to F = 5: 1 → 2 → 5 and 1 → 3 → 5, both of length 6. There is one route that is one distance unit longer: 1 → 3 → 4 → 5, of length 7. Now, given a (partial) road map of the Benelux and two cities S and F, tour operator Your Personal Holiday likes to know how many different routes it can offer to its clients, under the above restriction on the route length. Input The first line of the input file contains a single number: the number of test cases to follow. Each test case has the following format: One line with two integers N and M, separated by a single space, with 2 ≤ N ≤ 1,000 and 1 ≤ M ≤ 10, 000: the number of cities and the number of roads in the road map. M lines, each with three integers A, B and L, separated by single spaces, with 1 ≤ A, B ≤ N, A ≠ B and 1 ≤ L ≤ 1,000, describing a road from city A to city B with length L. The roads are unidirectional. Hence, if there is a road from A to B, then there is not necessarily also a road from B to A. There may be different roads from a city A to a city B. One line with two integers S and F, separated by a single space, with 1 ≤ S, F ≤ N and S ≠ F: the starting city and the final city of the route. There will be at least one route from S to F. Output For every test case in the input file, the output should contain a single number, on a single line: the number of routes of minimal length or one distance unit longer. Test cases are such, that this number is at most 109 = 1,000,000,000. Sample Input 2 5 8 1 2 3 1 3 2 1 4 5 2 3 1 2 5 3 3 4 2 3 5 4 4 5 3 1 5 5 6 2 3 1 3 2 1 3 1 10 4 5 2 5 2 7 5 2 7 4 1 Sample Output 3 2 Hint The first test case above corresponds to the picture in the problem description. Source BAPC 2006 Qualification

思路:

依据描写可知，本题的要求即便要求出最短路和比最短路长1的次短路，因而可用Dijkstra来处理。翔实做法如下：用两组数离别登记最短路和次短路的长度（dist），条数（cnt），拜会符号（used），建一个优先队列，元素单位包括节点序号（v），该节点路经长（len），以及登记路径种类（ref），每次从优先队列中取出管用节点后，用它所登记的路径长更新待比拟路径，离别用它和目前所登记的该节点的最短路径以及此段路径比拟，中意更新条件则登记路径种类，并生成新节点加入优先队列，同时更新目前节点处该种类路径条数。万一不中意条件然而中意混同联系，则增加相应的条数到该节点所登记的路径条数上。

代码：

#include <cstdio>
#include <memory.h>
#include <queue>
#define N 1001
#define M 10001
#define INF 0x7fffffff
#define clr(a) memset(a, 0, sizeof(a))
using  namespace std;

struct Edge
{
     int v, len,  ref;
    Edge *link;
    Edge new_E( int v1,  int l,  int r)
    {
        v = v1, len = l,  ref = r;
         return * this;
    }
} *E[N], mempool[M];

int dist[N][2], used[N][2], cnt[N][2];
int n, m, memh, S, T;

void AddEdge( int u,  int v,  int len)
{
    Edge *e = &mempool[memh++];
    e -> v = v;
    e -> len = len;
    e -> link = E[u];
    E[u] = e;
}

bool  operator < (Edge a, Edge b)
{
     return a.len > b.len;
}

priority_queue <Edge, vector <Edge> > Q;

void InitData()
{
     int i, u, v, len;
    memh = 0;
    scanf("%d%d", &n, &m);
    clr(E);
     for (i = 1; i <= m; ++i)
    {
        scanf("%d%d%d", &u, &v, &len);
        AddEdge(u, v, len);
    }
    scanf("%d%d", &S, &T);
}

int Dijstra()
{
    Edge D, P;
    clr(cnt);
    clr(used);
     for ( int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
        dist[i][0] = dist[i][1] = INF;
    dist[S][0] = 0;
    cnt[S][0] = 1;
     while (!Q.empty())
        Q.pop();
    Q.push(D.new_E(S, 0, 0));
     while (!Q.empty())
    {
        P = Q.top();
        Q.pop();
         if (!used[P.v][P. ref])
        {
            used[P.v][P. ref] = 1;
             for (Edge *e = E[P.v]; e; e = e -> link)
            {
                 int tmp = P.len + e -> len;
                 if (tmp < dist[e -> v][0])
                {
                     if (dist[e -> v][0] != INF)
                    {
                        dist[e -> v][1] = dist[e -> v][0];
                        cnt[e -> v][1] = cnt[e -> v][0];
                        Q.push(D.new_E(e -> v, dist[e -> v][0], 1));
                    }
                    dist[e -> v][0] = tmp;
                    cnt[e -> v][0] = cnt[P.v][P. ref];
                    Q.push(D.new_E(e -> v, tmp, 0));
                }
                 else
                 if (tmp == dist[e -> v][0])
                {
                    cnt[e -> v][0] += cnt[P.v][P. ref];
                }
                 else
                 if (tmp < dist[e -> v][1])
                {
                    dist[e -> v][1] = tmp;
                    cnt[e -> v][1] = cnt[P.v][P. ref];
                    Q.push(D.new_E(e -> v, tmp, 1));
                }
                 else
                 if (dist[e -> v][1] == tmp)
                {
                    cnt[e -> v][1] += cnt[P.v][P. ref];
                }
            }
        }
    }
     if (dist[T][1] - 1 == dist[T][0])
        cnt[T][0] += cnt[T][1];
     return cnt[T][0];
}

int main()
{
     int T;
    scanf("%d", &T);
     while (T--)
    {
        InitData();
        printf("%d\n", Dijstra());
    }
}