OSPF的邻接关系和LSA

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于 2023-03-15 08:58:00 发布

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分类专栏： HCIP 文章标签：智能路由器网络

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OSPF的邻接关系和LSA

实验介绍

1.学习目标

阐明在多路访问网络中接入多台路由器时的邻居关系建立过程

控制OSPF DR的选举

描述5种类型的LSA的内容，以及它们的作用

2.组网介绍

免费实验链接：【实战课】华为HCIA-Datacom认证实验教学-学习视频教程-腾讯课堂

1. 1. 1. 1. OSPF的邻接关系和LSA

设备互联方式及IP地址规划如图所示，其中R1的Loopback0接口属于OSPF区域2，R4的GE0/0/2接口属于OSPF区域1，R1、R2、R3、R4的其他接口都属于OSPF区域0。

R5的GE0/0/3属于OSPF区域1，R5的Loopback0不属于OSPF域内。

3实验背景

你是公司的网络管理员。现在公司的网络中有五台AR路由器，其中R1、R2、R3和R4在公司总部，通过以太网互联。R5在公司分部，与公司总部的R4相连。由于网络规模较大，为了控制LSA的洪泛，你设计了多区域的OSPF。

同时为了明确设备的Router ID，你配置设备使用固定的地址作为Router ID。

在R1、R2、R3与R4之间互联的网络上，需要干预DR与BDR的选举。实际使用中将R3定义为DR、R2定义为BDR，R1、R4定义为DROther。

二、实验任务

1任务思路

设备IP地址配置。
按照规划配置OSPF多区域。
检查OSPF配置结果，检查OSPF邻居关系状态，检查OSPF路由表，检查OSPF LSDB。
手动修改接口的DR优先级，人工干预OSPF DR、BDR的选举结果。
在R5上将直连路由引入到OSPF中，在R1上观察Type-5 LSA。
单独观察Type-1 LSA、Type-2 LSA、Type-3 LSA、Type-4 LSA
R1上通过debug观察OSPF LSU、LSAck、LSR报文。

2任务步骤

- - - - 2 互联接口、环回口IP地址配置

#设备命名

略

#关闭本实验中未使用的接口

略

#配置R1的GE0/0/1、Loopback0接口IP地址

[R1]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] ip address 10.0.123.1 24

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit

[R1]interface LoopBack 0

[R1-LoopBack0] ip address 10.0.1.1 24

[R1-LoopBack0] quit

#配置R2的GE0/0/1、Loopback0接口IP地址

[R2]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] ip address 10.0.123.2 24

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit

[R2]interface LoopBack 0

[R2-LoopBack0] ip address 10.0.2.2 24

[R2-LoopBack0] quit

#配置R3的GE0/0/1、Loopback0接口IP地址

[R3]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] ip address 10.0.123.3 24

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit

[R3]interface LoopBack 0

[R3-LoopBack0] ip address 10.0.3.3 24

[R3-LoopBack0] quit

#配置R4的GE0/0/1、GE0/0/2、Loopback0接口IP地址

[R4]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] ip address 10.0.123.4 24

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit

[R4] interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] ip address 10.0.45.4 24

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] quit

[R4]interface LoopBack 0

[R4-LoopBack0] ip address 10.0.4.4 24

[R4-LoopBack0] quit

#配置R5的GE0/0/3、Loopback0接口IP地址

[R5]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] ip address 10.0.45.5 24

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] quit

[R5]interface LoopBack 0

[R5-LoopBack0] ip address 10.0.5.5 24

[R5-LoopBack0] quit

#在R4上检测互联地址连通性

<R4>ping -c 1 10.0.123.1

PING 10.0.123.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 10.0.123.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=100 ms

--- 10.0.123.1 ping statistics ---

1 packet(s) transmitted

1 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 100/100/100 ms

<R4>ping -c 1 10.0.123.2

PING 10.0.123.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 10.0.123.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=110 ms

--- 10.0.123.2 ping statistics ---

1 packet(s) transmitted

1 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 110/110/110 ms

<R4>ping -c 1 10.0.123.3

PING 10.0.123.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 10.0.123.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=110 ms

--- 10.0.123.3 ping statistics ---

1 packet(s) transmitted

1 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 110/110/110 ms

<R4>ping -c 1 10.0.45.5

PING 10.0.45.5: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 10.0.45.5: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=60 ms

--- 10.0.45.5 ping statistics ---

1 packet(s) transmitted

1 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 60/60/60 ms

- - - - 3 配置多区域OSPF

按照规划配置多区域OSPF，修改Loopback0接口的网络类型为Broadcast。

#配置R1

[R1]ospf 1 router-id 10.0.1.1

[R1-ospf-1]area 0

[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.0.123.1 0.0.0.0

[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit

[R1-ospf-1]area 2

[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2] network 10.0.1.1 0.0.0.0

[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2] quit

[R1-ospf-1]quit

[R1]interface LoopBack 0

[R1-LoopBack0] ospf network-type broadcast

[R1-LoopBack0] quit

#配置R2

[R2]ospf 1 router-id 10.0.2.2

[R2-ospf-1]area 0

[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.0.123.2 0.0.0.0

[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.0.2.2 0.0.0.0

[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit

[R2-ospf-1]quit

[R2]interface LoopBack 0

[R2-LoopBack0] ospf network-type broadcast

[R2-LoopBack0] quit

#配置R3

[R3]ospf 1 router-id 10.0.3.3

[R3-ospf-1]area 0

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.0.123.3 0.0.0.0

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.0.3.3 0.0.0.0

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit

[R3-ospf-1]quit

[R3]interface LoopBack 0

[R3-LoopBack0] ospf network-type broadcast

[R3-LoopBack0] quit

#配置R4

[R4]ospf 1 router-id 10.0.4.4

[R4-ospf-1]area 0

[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.0.4.4 0.0.0.0

[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.0.123.4 0.0.0.0

[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit

[R4-ospf-1]area 1

[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] network 10.0.45.4 0.0.0.0

[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] quit

[R4-ospf-1]quit

[R4]interface LoopBack 0

[R4-LoopBack0] ospf network-type broadcast

[R4-LoopBack0] quit

#配置R5

[R5]ospf 1 router-id 10.0.5.5

[R5-ospf-1]area 1

[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] network 10.0.45.5 0.0.0.0

[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] quit

[R5-ospf-1]quit

- - - - 4 检查OSPF配置结果

#在R4上检查OSPF邻居的概要信息

[R4]display ospf peer brief

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.4.4

Peer Statistic Information

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Area Id Interface Neighbor id State

0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 10.0.1.1 Full

0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 10.0.2.2 Full

0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 10.0.3.3 2-Way

0.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 10.0.5.5 Full

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

R3、R4之间只建立了邻居关系，而没有邻接关系。

#在R4上查看OSPF路由表

[R4]display ospf routing

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.4.4

Routing Tables

Routing for Network

Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area

10.0.4.0/24 0 Stub 10.0.4.4 10.0.4.4 0.0.0.0

10.0.45.0/24 1 Transit 10.0.45.4 10.0.4.4 0.0.0.1

10.0.123.0/24 1 Transit 10.0.123.4 10.0.4.4 0.0.0.0

10.0.1.0/24 1 Inter-area 10.0.123.1 10.0.1.1 0.0.0.0

10.0.2.0/24 1 Stub 10.0.123.2 10.0.2.2 0.0.0.0

10.0.3.0/24 1 Stub 10.0.123.3 10.0.3.3 0.0.0.0

Total Nets: 6

Intra Area: 5 Inter Area: 1 ASE: 0 NSSA: 0

#在R5上查看OSPF LSDB

[R5]display ospf lsdb

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.5.5

Link State Database

Area: 0.0.0.1

Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric

Router 10.0.5.5 10.0.5.5 470 36 80000008 1

Router 10.0.4.4 10.0.4.4 1660 36 80000005 1

Network 10.0.45.4 10.0.4.4 1660 32 80000002 0

Sum-Net 10.0.3.0 10.0.4.4 1710 28 80000001 1

Sum-Net 10.0.2.0 10.0.4.4 1710 28 80000001 1

Sum-Net 10.0.1.0 10.0.4.4 1710 28 80000001 1

Sum-Net 10.0.4.0 10.0.4.4 1700 28 80000001 0

Sum-Net 10.0.123.0 10.0.4.4 1710 28 80000001 1

区域1中仅存在2台路由器，所以在R5的LSDB中，仅存在2条Type-1 LSA，剩余的5条Type-3 LSA为R4向R5通告的区域间路由。

#在R2上查看OSPF LSDB

[R2]display ospf lsdb

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.2.2

Link State Database

Area: 0.0.0.0

Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric

Router 10.0.3.3 10.0.3.3 256 48 8000000B 1

Router 10.0.4.4 10.0.4.4 211 48 8000000A 1

Router 10.0.2.2 10.0.2.2 268 48 8000000C 1

Router 10.0.1.1 10.0.1.1 270 36 8000000B 1

Network 10.0.123.1 10.0.1.1 270 40 80000007 0

Sum-Net 10.0.1.0 10.0.1.1 399 28 80000002 0

Sum-Net 10.0.45.0 10.0.4.4 265 28 80000002 1

在R2上除了4条Type-1 LSA以外，还有1条Type-2 LSA。R2的GE 0/0/1接口所连接的是一个广播型网络，该网络上的DR会产生1条Type-2 LSA来描述所有的邻居。在这里可以从AdvRouter字段得知生成这条LSA的路由器是R1，符合R1是该网段DR的结果。

- - - - 5 修改接口的DR优先级，影响DR选举

#修改R4的GE0/0/1接口的DR优先级为255，确保R4成为10.0.123.0/24网段的DR

[R4]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] ospf dr-priority 255

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit

#修改R3的GE0/0/1接口的DR优先级为254，确保R3成为10.0.123.0/24网段的BDR

[R3]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] ospf dr-priority 254

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit

#修改R2的GE0/0/1接口的DR优先级为0，确保R2不参与选举

[R2]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] ospf dr-priority 0

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit

#为重新选举DR、BDR，关闭再重新打开R1、R2、R3、R4的GE0/0/1接口

[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] shutdown

[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] shutdown

[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] shutdown

[R4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] shutdown

[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] undo shutdown

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit

[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] undo shutdown

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit

[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] undo shutdown

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit

[R4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] undo shutdown

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit

为保证选举结果按照设置的优先级决定，尽量同时重新打开接口，否则可能会出现先打开接口的路由器成为DR、BDR。

#在R3上查看DR、BDR选举结果

<R3>display ospf peer

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.3.3

Neighbors

Area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.0.123.3(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)'s neighbors

Router ID: 10.0.1.1 Address: 10.0.123.1

State: Full Mode:Nbr is Slave Priority: 1

DR: 10.0.123.4 BDR: 10.0.123.3 MTU: 0

Dead timer due in 40 sec

Retrans timer interval: 5

Neighbor is up for 00:59:26

Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]

Router ID: 10.0.2.2 Address: 10.0.123.2

State: Full Mode:Nbr is Slave Priority: 0

DR: 10.0.123.4 BDR: 10.0.123.3 MTU: 0

Dead timer due in 36 sec

Retrans timer interval: 4

Neighbor is up for 00:59:36

Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]

Router ID: 10.0.4.4 Address: 10.0.123.4

State: Full Mode:Nbr is Master Priority: 255

DR: 10.0.123.4 BDR: 10.0.123.3 MTU: 0

Dead timer due in 34 sec

Retrans timer interval: 0

Neighbor is up for 00:59:53

Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]

此时R4为DR、R3为BDR。

#在R1上查看R1、R2之间的邻居关系

<R1>display ospf peer brief

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.1.1

Peer Statistic Information

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Area Id Interface Neighbor id State

0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 10.0.2.2 2-Way

0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 10.0.3.3 Full

0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 10.0.4.4 Full

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

R1、R2都为DRother，它们之间保持在2-Way状态，只建立了邻居关系，不存在邻接关系。

- - - - 6 将直连路由引入OSPF中

#R5上Loopback0接口不属于OSPF区域，将Loopback0接口路由引入到OSPF中

[R5]ospf 1

[R5-ospf-1] import-route direct

#在R1上查看引入的外部路由条目

<R1>display ospf routing

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.1.1

Routing Tables

Routing for Network

Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area

10.0.1.0/24 0 Stub 10.0.1.1 10.0.1.1 0.0.0.2

10.0.123.0/24 1 Transit 10.0.123.1 10.0.1.1 0.0.0.0

10.0.2.0/24 1 Stub 10.0.123.2 10.0.2.2 0.0.0.0

10.0.3.0/24 1 Stub 10.0.123.3 10.0.3.3 0.0.0.0

10.0.4.0/24 1 Stub 10.0.123.4 10.0.4.4 0.0.0.0

10.0.45.0/24 2 Inter-area 10.0.123.4 10.0.4.4 0.0.0.0

Routing for ASEs

Destination Cost Type Tag NextHop AdvRouter

10.0.5.0/24 1 Type2 1 10.0.123.4 10.0.5.5

Total Nets: 7

Intra Area: 5 Inter Area: 1 ASE: 1 NSSA: 0

Loopback0接口路由已经成功被引入到OSPF中，以外部路由形式存在。

#在R1上查看Type-5 LSA

<R1>display ospf lsdb ase

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.1.1

Link State Database

Type : External

Ls id : 10.0.5.0

Adv rtr : 10.0.5.5

Ls age : 429

Len : 36

Options : E

seq# : 80000001

chksum : 0xa904

Net mask : 255.255.255.0

TOS 0 Metric: 1

E type : 2

Forwarding Address : 0.0.0.0

Tag : 1

Priority : Low

Type : External

Ls id : 10.0.45.0

Adv rtr : 10.0.5.5

Ls age : 429

Len : 36

Options : E

seq# : 80000001

chksum : 0xef95

Net mask : 255.255.255.0

TOS 0 Metric: 1

E type : 2

Forwarding Address : 0.0.0.0

Tag : 1

Priority : Low

可以看到Type-5 LSA存在2条，但是R1的路由表中OSPF外部路由只存在1条10.0.5.0/24，这是因为关于10.0.45.0/24路由同时还存在区域间路由，且区域间路由的优先级高于OSPF外部路由。

#在R1上查看Type-3 LSA（以下只展示了区域0中的Type-3 LSA）

<R1>display ospf lsdb summary

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.1.1

Area: 0.0.0.0

Link State Database

Type : Sum-Net

Ls id : 10.0.1.0

Adv rtr : 10.0.1.1

Ls age : 1487

Len : 28

Options : E

seq# : 80000003

chksum : 0x72d1

Net mask : 255.255.255.0

Tos 0 metric: 0

Priority : Low

Type : Sum-Net

Ls id : 10.0.45.0

Adv rtr : 10.0.4.4

Ls age : 1506

Len : 28

Options : E

seq# : 80000003

chksum : 0x6fa1

Net mask : 255.255.255.0

Tos 0 metric: 1

Priority : Low

可以看到Type-3 LSA中同样存在10.0.45.0/24，当Type-3 LSA和Type-5 LSA所描述的路由前缀及掩码相同时，OSPF优选通过Type-3 LSA计算出的路由加载到路由表。

- - - - 7 观察各种类型的LSA

#在R1上查看Type-1 LSA 10.0.1.1

<R1>display ospf lsdb router 10.0.1.1

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.1.1

Area: 0.0.0.0

Link State Database

Type : Router

Ls id : 10.0.1.1

Adv rtr : 10.0.1.1

Ls age : 202

Len : 36

Options : ABR E

seq# : 80000015

chksum : 0x31e4

Link count: 1

* Link ID: 10.0.123.4

Data : 10.0.123.1

Link Type: TransNet

Metric : 1

Area: 0.0.0.2

Link State Database

Type : Router

Ls id : 10.0.1.1

Adv rtr : 10.0.1.1

Ls age : 180

Len : 36

Options : ABR E

seq# : 80000005

chksum : 0x1615

Link count: 1

* Link ID: 10.0.1.0

Data : 255.255.255.0

Link Type: StubNet

Metric : 0

Priority : Low

对于Type-1 LSA来说，Ls id字段表示生成这条LSA的路由器Router ID。

从输出信息中可以看到R1生成了2条Type-1 LSA，1条在区域0中泛洪，1条在区域2中泛洪。

在区域0中R1与一个transmit类型的网段相连，可以看到其Link ID字段的值为该网段上的DR接口IP地址，Data部分为本地与DR相连的接口IP地址。

在区域2中，R1的Loopback0接口属于该区域，可以看到其Link Type为StubNet，其Link ID值为该StubNet网段的IP地址，Data部分为StubNet网段的网络掩码。

#在R2上查看Type-2 LSA

<R2>display ospf lsdb network

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.2.2

Area: 0.0.0.0

Link State Database

Type : Network

Ls id : 10.0.123.4

Adv rtr : 10.0.4.4

Ls age : 817

Len : 40

Options : E

seq# : 80000007

chksum : 0x373d

Net mask : 255.255.255.0

Priority : Low

Attached Router 10.0.4.4

Attached Router 10.0.1.1

Attached Router 10.0.2.2

Attached Router 10.0.3.3

Type-2 LSA由DR产生，从Adv rtr字段可以验证这一点（该LSA由10.0.4.4产生，即DR生成），对于Type-2 LSA，其Ls ID字段值为该网段上DR的接口IP地址，Attached Router为该网段上所有路由器的Router ID。

#在R1上查看Type-3 LSA 10.0.45.0

<R1>display ospf lsdb summary 10.0.45.0

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.1.1

Area: 0.0.0.0

Link State Database

Type : Sum-Net

Ls id : 10.0.45.0

Adv rtr : 10.0.4.4

Ls age : 1290

Len : 28

Options : E

seq# : 80000004

chksum : 0x6da2

Net mask : 255.255.255.0

Tos 0 metric: 1

Priority : Low

Area: 0.0.0.2

Link State Database

Type : Sum-Net

Ls id : 10.0.45.0

Adv rtr : 10.0.1.1

Ls age : 1250

Len : 28

Options : E

seq# : 80000004

chksum : 0x9e76

Net mask : 255.255.255.0

Tos 0 metric: 2

Priority : Low

Type-3 LSA的Ls ID字段值为网络前缀，而net mask携带了网络掩码，在R1上可以看到2条Type-3 LSA。一条在区域0内，从adv rtr可以判断出为R4产生，由R4从区域1向区域0中通告产生，另外一条在区域2中，从adv rtr可以判断出由R1自身产生，R1作为连接区域0与区域2的ABR，同样会产生一条Type-3 LSA，用于向区域2通告。

#在R1上查看Type-4 LSA

<R1>display ospf lsdb asbr 10.0.5.5

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.1.1

Area: 0.0.0.0

Link State Database

Type : Sum-Asbr

Ls id : 10.0.5.5

Adv rtr : 10.0.4.4

Ls age : 1257

Len : 28

Options : E

seq# : 80000002

chksum : 0xea49

Tos 0 metric: 1

Area: 0.0.0.2

Link State Database

Type : Sum-Asbr

Ls id : 10.0.5.5

Adv rtr : 10.0.1.1

Ls age : 1256

Len : 28

Options : E

seq# : 80000002

chksum : 0x1c1d

Tos 0 metric: 2

Type-4 LSA用于描述如何到达ASBR，从输出信息中可以看出R1上存在2条Type-4 LSA，一条在区域0中，从adv rtr可知为R4产生，另外一条为R1自身产生，R1作为连接区域0与区域2的ABR，自身生成了一条Type-4 LSA，其Adv rtr字段为自身Router ID。

- - - - 8 观察LSR、LSU和LSAck

默认情况下，网络稳定运行，OSPF路由器每30分钟更新一次。为了触发OSPF的查询和更新信息，取消在R4的Loopback0接口上激活OSPF，在R1上观察OSPF报文。

#在R1上开启debugging ospf packet update、debugging ospf packet ack

<R1>terminal debugging

Info: Current terminal debugging is on.

<R1>terminal monitor

Info: Current terminal monitor is on.

<R1>debugging ospf packet update

<R1>debugging ospf packet ack

#取消R4的Loopback0接口激活OSPF的配置

[R4]ospf 1

[R4-ospf-1]area 0

[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] undo network 10.0.4.4 0.0.0.0

#查看R1的debug输出信息

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.1-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG:

FileID: 0x70178024 Line: 2218 Level: 0x20

OSPF 1: RECV Packet. Interface: GigabitEthernet0/0/1

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.2-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Source Address: 10.0.123.4

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.3-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Destination Address: 224.0.0.5

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.4-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Ver# 2, Type: 4 (Link-State Update)

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.5-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Length: 64, Router: 10.0.4.4

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.6-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Area: 0.0.0.0, Chksum: 5451

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.7-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: AuType: 00

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.8-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Key(ascii): 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.9-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: # LSAS: 1

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.10-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Type 1

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.11-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LS ID: 10.0.4.4

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.12-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Adv Rtr: 10.0.4.4

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.13-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Age: 1

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.14-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Options: ExRouting:ON

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.15-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Length: 36, Seq# 80000017

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.16-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: CheckSum: f014

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.17-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: NtBit: 0 VBit: 0 EBit: 0 BBit: 1

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.18-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: # Links: 1

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.19-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LinkID: 10.0.123.4

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.20-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LinkData: 10.0.123.4

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.21-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LinkType: 2

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.22-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: TOS# 0 Metric 1

May 25 2020 20:27:47.210.23-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG:

May 25 2020 20:27:47.570.1-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG:

FileID: 0x70178024 Line: 2218 Level: 0x20

OSPF 1: RECV Packet. Interface: GigabitEthernet0/0/1

May 25 2020 20:27:47.570.2-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Source Address: 10.0.123.3

May 25 2020 20:27:47.570.3-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Destination Address: 224.0.0.5

May 25 2020 20:27:47.570.4-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Ver# 2, Type: 5 (Link-State Ack)

May 25 2020 20:27:47.570.5-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Length: 44, Router: 10.0.3.3

May 25 2020 20:27:47.570.6-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Area: 0.0.0.0, Chksum: 6271

May 25 2020 20:27:47.570.7-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: AuType: 00

May 25 2020 20:27:47.570.8-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Key(ascii): 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

May 25 2020 20:27:47.570.9-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: # LSA Headers: 1

May 25 2020 20:27:47.570.10-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Type 1

May 25 2020 20:27:47.570.11-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LS ID: 10.0.4.4

May 25 2020 20:27:47.570.12-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Adv Rtr: 10.0.4.4

May 25 2020 20:27:47.570.13-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Age: 1

May 25 2020 20:27:47.570.14-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Options: ExRouting:ON

May 25 2020 20:27:47.570.15-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Length: 36, Seq# 80000017

May 25 2020 20:27:47.570.16-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: CheckSum: f014

May 25 2020 20:27:47.570.17-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG:

May 25 2020 20:27:47.990.1-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG:

FileID: 0x70178025 Line: 4427 Level: 0x20

OSPF 1: SEND Packet. Interface: GigabitEthernet0/0/1

May 25 2020 20:27:47.990.2-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Source Address: 10.0.123.1

May 25 2020 20:27:47.990.3-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Destination Address: 224.0.0.6

May 25 2020 20:27:47.990.4-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Ver# 2, Type: 5 (Link-State Ack)

May 25 2020 20:27:47.990.5-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Length: 44, Router: 10.0.1.1

May 25 2020 20:27:47.990.6-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Area: 0.0.0.0, Chksum: 6472

May 25 2020 20:27:47.990.7-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: AuType: 00

May 25 2020 20:27:47.990.8-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Key(ascii): 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

May 25 2020 20:27:47.990.9-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: # LSA Headers: 1

May 25 2020 20:27:47.990.10-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Type 1

May 25 2020 20:27:47.990.11-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LS ID: 10.0.4.4

May 25 2020 20:27:47.990.12-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Adv Rtr: 10.0.4.4

May 25 2020 20:27:47.990.13-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Age: 2

May 25 2020 20:27:47.990.14-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Options: ExRouting:ON

May 25 2020 20:27:47.990.15-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Length: 36, Seq# 80000017

May 25 2020 20:27:47.990.16-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: CheckSum: f014

从输出信息中可以看到3个报文，第1个报文为：LSU，由R4（DR）发送，目的地址224.0.0.5，其中只包含1个网段，所以Links字段值为1。

第二个报文LSAck，由R3（BDR）发送，目的地址224.0.0.5。第3个报文同样为LSAck，由R1发送，目的地址224.0.0.6，该报文为R1发送给DR、BDR。

#重新在Loopback0接口上激活OSPF

[R4]ospf 1

[R4-ospf-1]area 0

[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.0.4.4 0.0.0.0

#在R1上查看debug输出

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.1-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG:

FileID: 0x70178024 Line: 2218 Level: 0x20

OSPF 1: RECV Packet. Interface: GigabitEthernet0/0/1

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.2-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Source Address: 10.0.123.4

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.3-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Destination Address: 224.0.0.5

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.4-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Ver# 2, Type: 4 (Link-State Update)

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.5-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Length: 76, Router: 10.0.4.4

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.6-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Area: 0.0.0.0, Chksum: c8cf

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.7-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: AuType: 00

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.8-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Key(ascii): 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.9-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: # LSAS: 1

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.10-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Type 1

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.11-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LS ID: 10.0.4.4

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.12-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Adv Rtr: 10.0.4.4

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.13-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Age: 2

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.14-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Options: ExRouting:ON

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.15-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Length: 48, Seq# 8000001b

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.16-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: CheckSum: 6b77

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.17-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: NtBit: 0 VBit: 0 EBit: 0 BBit: 1

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.18-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: # Links: 2

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.19-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LinkID: 10.0.123.4

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.20-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LinkData: 10.0.123.4

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.21-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LinkType: 2

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.22-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: TOS# 0 Metric 1

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.23-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LinkID: 10.0.4.0

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.24-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LinkData: 255.255.255.0

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.25-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LinkType: 3

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.26-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: TOS# 0 Metric 0

May 25 2020 20:39:26.150.27-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG:

May 25 2020 20:39:26.580.1-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG:

FileID: 0x70178024 Line: 2218 Level: 0x20

OSPF 1: RECV Packet. Interface: GigabitEthernet0/0/1

May 25 2020 20:39:26.580.2-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Source Address: 10.0.123.3

May 25 2020 20:39:26.580.3-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Destination Address: 224.0.0.5

May 25 2020 20:39:26.580.4-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Ver# 2, Type: 5 (Link-State Ack)

May 25 2020 20:39:26.580.5-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Length: 44, Router: 10.0.3.3

May 25 2020 20:39:26.580.6-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Area: 0.0.0.0, Chksum: e6fd

May 25 2020 20:39:26.580.7-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: AuType: 00

May 25 2020 20:39:26.580.8-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Key(ascii): 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

May 25 2020 20:39:26.580.9-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: # LSA Headers: 1

May 25 2020 20:39:26.580.10-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Type 1

May 25 2020 20:39:26.580.11-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LS ID: 10.0.4.4

May 25 2020 20:39:26.580.12-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Adv Rtr: 10.0.4.4

May 25 2020 20:39:26.580.13-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Age: 2

May 25 2020 20:39:26.580.14-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Options: ExRouting:ON

May 25 2020 20:39:26.580.15-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Length: 48, Seq# 8000001b

May 25 2020 20:39:26.580.16-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: CheckSum: 6b77

May 25 2020 20:39:26.580.17-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG:

May 25 2020 20:39:26.910.1-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG:

FileID: 0x70178025 Line: 4427 Level: 0x20

OSPF 1: SEND Packet. Interface: GigabitEthernet0/0/1

May 25 2020 20:39:26.910.2-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Source Address: 10.0.123.1

May 25 2020 20:39:26.910.3-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Destination Address: 224.0.0.6

May 25 2020 20:39:26.910.4-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Ver# 2, Type: 5 (Link-State Ack)

May 25 2020 20:39:26.910.5-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Length: 44, Router: 10.0.1.1

May 25 2020 20:39:26.910.6-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Area: 0.0.0.0, Chksum: e8fe

May 25 2020 20:39:26.910.7-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: AuType: 00

May 25 2020 20:39:26.910.8-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Key(ascii): 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

May 25 2020 20:39:26.910.9-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: # LSA Headers: 1

May 25 2020 20:39:26.910.10-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Type 1

May 25 2020 20:39:26.910.11-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LS ID: 10.0.4.4

May 25 2020 20:39:26.910.12-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Adv Rtr: 10.0.4.4

May 25 2020 20:39:26.910.13-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Age: 3

May 25 2020 20:39:26.910.14-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Options: ExRouting:ON

May 25 2020 20:39:26.910.15-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Length: 48, Seq# 8000001b

May 25 2020 20:39:26.910.16-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: CheckSum: 6b77

May 25 2020 20:39:26.910.17-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG:

首先第1个报文还是来自R4（DR）的LSU，其中Links字段值为2，多了1个Loopback0接口路由，第2、第3个报文和之前一致：BDR回应的LSAck以及R1自身回应的LSAck。

#在R1上开启debugging ospf packet request，重置OSPF进程

<R1>debugging ospf packet request

<R1>reset ospf process 1

#观察R1的debug输出

FileID: 0x70178025 Line: 2886 Level: 0x20

OSPF 1: SEND Packet. Interface: GigabitEthernet0/0/1

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.2-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Source Address: 10.0.123.1

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.3-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Destination Address: 10.0.123

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.4-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Ver# 2, Type: 3 (Link-State Req)

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.5-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Length: 108, Router: 10.0.1.1

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.6-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Area: 0.0.0.0, Chksum: e85a

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.7-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: AuType: 00

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.8-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Key(ascii): 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.9-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: # Requesting LSAs: 7

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.10-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Type 1

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.11-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LS ID: 10.0.1.1

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.12-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Adv Rtr: 10.0.1.1

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.13-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Type 1

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.14-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LS ID: 10.0.2.2

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.15-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Adv Rtr: 10.0.2.2

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.16-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Type 3

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.17-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LS ID: 10.0.45.0

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.18-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Adv Rtr: 10.0.4.4

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.19-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Type 3

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.20-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LS ID: 10.0.1.0

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.21-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Adv Rtr: 10.0.1.1

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.22-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Type 4

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.23-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LS ID: 10.0.5.5

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.24-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Adv Rtr: 10.0.4.4

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.25-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Type 5

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.26-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LS ID: 10.0.5.0

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.27-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Adv Rtr: 10.0.5.5

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.28-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Type 5

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.29-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LS ID: 10.0.45.0

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.30-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Adv Rtr: 10.0.5.5

May 25 2020 21:18:01.400.31-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG:

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.1-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG:

FileID: 0x70178025 Line: 2886 Level: 0x20

OSPF 1: SEND Packet. Interface: GigabitEthernet0/0/1

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.2-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Source Address: 10.0.123.1

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.3-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG:

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.4-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Ver# 2, Type: 3 (Link-State R

eq)

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.5-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Length: 108, Router: 10.0.1.1

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.6-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Area: 0.0.0.0, Chksum: e85a

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.7-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: AuType: 00

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.8-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Key(ascii): 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.9-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: # Requesting LSAs: 7

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.10-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Type 1

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.11-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LS ID: 10.0.1.1

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.12-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Adv Rtr: 10.0.1.1

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.13-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Type 1

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.14-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LS ID: 10.0.2.2

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.15-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Adv Rtr: 10.0.2.2

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.16-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Type 3

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.17-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LS ID: 10.0.1.0

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.18-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Adv Rtr: 10.0.1.1

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.19-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Type 3

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.20-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LS ID: 10.0.45.0

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.21-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Adv Rtr: 10.0.4.4

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.22-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Type 4

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.23-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LS ID: 10.0.5.5

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.24-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Adv Rtr: 10.0.4.4

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.25-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Type 5

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.26-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LS ID: 10.0.5.0

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.27-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Adv Rtr: 10.0.5.5

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.28-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LSA Type 5

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.29-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: LS ID: 10.0.45.0

May 25 2020 21:18:01.430.30-08:00 R1 RM/6/RMDEBUG: Adv Rtr: 10.0.5.5

从输出可以看到R1向R3（BDR）、R4（DR）发送了LS Request。

三思考题

Type-4 LSA什么时候会存在，其作用是？

四配置参考

R1设备配置

sysname R1

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

ip address 10.0.123.1 255.255.255.0

interface LoopBack0

ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.0

ospf network-type broadcast

ospf 1 router-id 10.0.1.1

area 0.0.0.0

network 10.0.123.1 0.0.0.0

area 0.0.0.2

network 10.0.1.1 0.0.0.0

R2设备配置

sysname R2

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

ip address 10.0.123.2 255.255.255.0

ospf dr-priority 0

interface LoopBack0

ip address 10.0.2.2 255.255.255.0

ospf network-type broadcast

ospf 1 router-id 10.0.2.2

area 0.0.0.0

network 10.0.123.2 0.0.0.0

network 10.0.2.2 0.0.0.0

R3设备配置

sysname R3

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

ip address 10.0.123.3 255.255.255.0

ospf dr-priority 254

interface LoopBack0

ip address 10.0.3.3 255.255.255.0

ospf network-type broadcast

ospf 1 router-id 10.0.3.3

area 0.0.0.0

network 10.0.123.3 0.0.0.0

network 10.0.3.3 0.0.0.0

R4设备配置

sysname R4

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

ip address 10.0.123.4 255.255.255.0

ospf dr-priority 255

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2

ip address 10.0.45.4 255.255.255.0

interface LoopBack0

ip address 10.0.4.4 255.255.255.0

ospf network-type broadcast

ospf 1 router-id 10.0.4.4

area 0.0.0.0

network 10.0.123.4 0.0.0.0

network 10.0.4.4 0.0.0.0

area 0.0.0.1

network 10.0.45.4 0.0.0.0

R5设备配置

sysname R5

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3

ip address 10.0.45.5 255.255.255.0

interface LoopBack0

ip address 10.0.5.5 255.255.255.0

ospf network-type broadcast

ospf 1 router-id 10.0.5.5

import-route direct

area 0.0.0.1

network 10.0.45.5 0.0.0.0

卓应

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OSPF的邻接关系和LSA

阐明在多路访问网络中接入多台路由器时的邻居关系建立过程控制OSPF DR的选举描述5种类型的LSA的内容，以及它们的作用【实战课】华为HCIA-Datacom认证实验教学-学习视频教程-腾讯课堂OSPF的邻接关系和LSA设备互联方式及IP地址规划如图所示，其中R1的Loopback0接口属于OSPF区域2，R4的GE0/0/2接口属于OSPF区域1，R1、R2、R3、R4的其他接口都属于OSPF区域0。R5的GE0/0/3属于OSPF区域1，R5的Loopback0不属于OSPF域内。
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