源码阅读--Retrofit

1.使用方法

1、构造retrofit实例（建造者模式，类似于Dialog）

        Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
                .baseUrl("https://api.github.com/")
                .build();
        //https://api.github.com/repos/square/retrofit/contributors
        GitHubApi repo = retrofit.create(GitHubApi.class);

2、创建同步或异步HTTP请求到远程网络服务器

Call<ResponseBody> call = repo.contributorsBySimpleGetCall("square", "retrofit");

3、网络请求

call.enqueue(new Callback<ResponseBody>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call<ResponseBody> call, Response<ResponseBody> response) {
                try {
                    Gson gson = new Gson();
                    ArrayList<Contributor> contributorsList = gson.fromJson(response.body().string(), new
                            TypeToken<List<Contributor>>() {
                            }.getType());
                    for (Contributor contributor : contributorsList) {
                        Log.d("login", contributor.getLogin());
                        Log.d("contributions", contributor.getContributions() + "");
                    }
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<ResponseBody> call, Throwable t) {

            }
        });

2.源码解析

看看retrofit.create干了些啥

public <T> T create(final Class<T> service) {
    Utils.validateServiceInterface(service);
    if (validateEagerly) {
      eagerlyValidateMethods(service);
    }
    //--------------------------------------newProxyInstance跟踪进去就是通过native函数实现的一个代理。不管怎样，成功后会调用invoke函数
    return (T) Proxy.newProxyInstance(service.getClassLoader(), new Class<?>[] { service }, new InvocationHandler() {
          private final Platform platform = Platform.get();

          @Override public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args)
              throws Throwable {
            // If the method is a method from Object then defer to normal invocation.
            if (method.getDeclaringClass() == Object.class) {
              return method.invoke(this, args);
            }
            if (platform.isDefaultMethod(method)) {
              return platform.invokeDefaultMethod(method, service, proxy, args);
            }
            //--------------------------------------------重要的是下面三句
            ServiceMethod<Object, Object> serviceMethod =
                (ServiceMethod<Object, Object>) loadServiceMethod(method);
            OkHttpCall<Object> okHttpCall = new OkHttpCall<>(serviceMethod, args);
            return serviceMethod.callAdapter.adapt(okHttpCall);
          }
    });
}

先看一下Platform.get

  private static final Platform PLATFORM = findPlatform();

  static Platform get() {
    return PLATFORM;
  }

  private static Platform findPlatform() {
    try {
      Class.forName("android.os.Build");
      if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT != 0) {
        return new Android();//--------------------------看一下Android的实现
      }
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException ignored) {
    }
    try {
      Class.forName("java.util.Optional");
      return new Java8();
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException ignored) {
    }
    return new Platform();
  }

Android平台的实现

  static class Android extends Platform {
    @Override public Executor defaultCallbackExecutor() {
      return new MainThreadExecutor();
    }

    @Override CallAdapter.Factory defaultCallAdapterFactory(Executor callbackExecutor) {
      return new ExecutorCallAdapterFactory(callbackExecutor);
    }

    //-------------------------------------------handler用来切换线程
    static class MainThreadExecutor implements Executor {
      private final Handler handler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());

      @Override public void execute(Runnable r) {
        handler.post(r);
      }
    }
  }

接下来看最重要的三句话：

ServiceMethod<Object, Object> serviceMethod =(ServiceMethod<Object, Object>) loadServiceMethod(method);
OkHttpCall<Object> okHttpCall = new OkHttpCall<>(serviceMethod, args);//----------------------------生成OkHttpCall接口
return serviceMethod.callAdapter.adapt(okHttpCall);

//--------------------------这段代码很简单，只要知道serviceMethodCache就是ConcurrentHashMap
ServiceMethod<?, ?> loadServiceMethod(Method method) {
    ServiceMethod<?, ?> result = serviceMethodCache.get(method);
    if (result != null) return result;

    synchronized (serviceMethodCache) {
      result = serviceMethodCache.get(method);
      if (result == null) {
        result = new ServiceMethod.Builder<>(this, method).build();
        serviceMethodCache.put(method, result);
      }
    }
    return result;
}

最后serviceMethod.callAdapter.adapt(okHttpCall);
在Android中callAdapter默认的是ExecutorCallAdapterFactory。
adapt函数返回ExecutorCallbackCall实体类
最后看一下这段代码：
    @Override public void enqueue(final Callback<T> callback) {
      checkNotNull(callback, "callback == null");

      delegate.enqueue(new Callback<T>() {
        @Override public void onResponse(Call<T> call, final Response<T> response) {
          callbackExecutor.execute(new Runnable() {
            @Override public void run() {
              if (delegate.isCanceled()) {
                // Emulate OkHttp's behavior of throwing/delivering an IOException on cancellation.
                callback.onFailure(ExecutorCallbackCall.this, new IOException("Canceled"));
              } else {
                //-------------------------------------回调onResponse
                callback.onResponse(ExecutorCallbackCall.this, response);
              }
            }
          });
        }