Flask-SQLAlchemy

一、Flask-SQLAlchemy简介

1.Flask-SQLAlchemy是Flask的一个扩展，可以实现Flask集成SQLAlchemy，是一个ORM框架。

2.安装

pip install flask-sqlachemy

3.创建模型

from flask import Flask
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy

app = Flask(__name__)

app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'mysql://root:199820@localhost:3306/flask_db'
SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS = False
db = SQLAlchemy(app)

#ORM
class User(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    username = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=True, nullable=False)
    email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)

    def __repr__(self):
        return '<User %r>' % self.username

def create_table():
    db.create_all()

def add_user():
    admin = User(username='admin',email='admin@qq.com')
    guest = User(username='guest',email='guest@qq.com')
    db.session.add(admin)
    db.session.add(guest)
    db.session.commit()

def query():
    users = User.query.all()
    username = User.query.filter_by(username='admin').first()
    print(users)
    print(username)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    # create_table()
    # add_user()
    query()

二、增删改查

1.添加（insert）

2.删除（delete）

3.修改（update）

4.查询（query）

from flask import Flask
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy

app = Flask(__name__)

app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'mysql://root:199820@localhost:3306/flask_db'
SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS = False
db = SQLAlchemy(app)

class User(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    username = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=True, nullable=False)
    email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)

    def __repr__(self):
        return '<User %r>' % self.username

def add():
    user = User(username='tom',email='tom@qq.com')
    db.session.add(user)
    db.session.commit()

def delete():
    user=User.query.get(1)
    db.session.delete(user)
    db.session.commit()

def update():
    user = User.query.get(2)
    user.username='update guest'
    db.session.commit()

def query():
    users=User.query.all()
    print(users)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    # add()
    # delete()
    # update()
    query()

三、Flask-SQLAlchemy-综合运用

1.结合视图和模板一起使用

from flask import Flask,request,render_template
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy

app = Flask(__name__)

app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'mysql://root:199820@localhost:3306/flask_db'
SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS = False
db = SQLAlchemy(app)

class User(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    username = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=True, nullable=False)
    email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)

    def __repr__(self):
        return '<User %r>' % self.username

def add_user(username,email):
    user = User(username=username,email=email)
    db.session.add(user)
    db.session.commit()

@app.route('/add',methods=['POST','GET'])
def add():
    if request.method == 'POST':
        username=request.form['username']
        email=request.form['email']
        add_user(username,email)
        return '添加成功!'
    else:
        return render_template('user.html')
@app.route('/list')
def list_user():
    users = User.query.all()
    return render_template('user_list.html',users=users)