Android布局中按钮的设置规则，设置按钮单击事件的三种方法

方法一：布局中只有一个按钮的时候，用匿名内部类，写法如下

package com.example.android_button;

import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {
	private Button btn_s;

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		btn_s=(Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btn_s);
		
		btn_s.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View arg0) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "点我一下", 1).show();
			}
		});
		
		btn_s.setOnLongClickListener(new View.OnLongClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public boolean onLongClick(View arg0) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "长按一下", 1).show();
				return false;
			}
		});
	}

	@Override
	public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
		// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
		getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
		return true;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
		// Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
		// automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
		// as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
		int id = item.getItemId();
		if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
			return true;
		}
		return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
	}
}

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.example.android_button.MainActivity" >

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_s"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    	android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    	android:text="只有一个按钮"
        />

</RelativeLayout>

方法二：多个按钮的情况，为了增强代码可读性， OnClickListener接口写法如下

package com.example.android_button;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class ButtonsActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{
	
	private Button btn1,btn2,btn3;
	
	/**
	 * 要从onCreate开始，不能直接就加载布局，下面的写法不对
	 */
//	@Override
//	public void setContentView(int layoutResID) {
//		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//		super.setContentView(R.layout.button);
//
//		btn1=(Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button1);
//		btn2=(Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button2);
//		btn3=(Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button3);
//		
//		//实现监听方法
//		btn1.setOnClickListener(this);
//		btn2.setOnClickListener(this);
//		btn3.setOnClickListener(this);
//	}
	
	/**
	 * 每一个activity（java类）对应一个窗口（xml文件设置窗体布局），都要从onCreate开始
	 */
	
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.button);
		
		btn1=(Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button1);
		btn2=(Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button2);
		btn3=(Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button3);
		
		//实现监听方法
		btn1.setOnClickListener(this);
		btn2.setOnClickListener(this);
		btn3.setOnClickListener(this);
	}

	@Override
	public void onClick(View v) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		//得到按钮的id
		switch(v.getId()){
		case R.id.button1:
			Toast.makeText(ButtonsActivity.this, "按钮一", 1).show();
			break;
					
		case R.id.button2:
			Toast.makeText(ButtonsActivity.this, "按钮二", 1).show();
			break;
					
		case R.id.button3:
			Toast.makeText(ButtonsActivity.this, "按钮三", 1).show();
			break;
		}
	}

}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" >

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_marginLeft="28dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="46dp"
        android:text="第一个按钮" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_marginTop="19dp"
        android:text="第二个按钮" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button3"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/button2"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button2"
        android:layout_marginTop="32dp"
        android:text="第三个按钮" />

</RelativeLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.android_button"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="21" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
          <!--  
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
            --> 
        </activity>
        
        <!-- 把 ButtonsActivity设置为启动项-->
        <activity
            android:name=".ButtonsActivity"
            >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

方法三：响应XML定义的事件

XML中代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" >

    <!-- 单击的方法名称onClick="sendMessage" -->
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnxml"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_marginLeft="104dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="216dp"
        android:text="Button"
        android:onClick="sendMessage" 
        />

</RelativeLayout>

对应的activity中的代码

package com.example.android_button;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class ButtonXML extends Activity{
	
	private Button button1;
	
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.buttonxml);
		button1=(Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btnxml);
	}
	
	//响应按钮的点击事件
	public void sendMessage(View view){
		Toast.makeText(ButtonXML.this, "响应XML定义的事件", 1).show();
	}

}

运行效果图如下