Happy Number

406 篇文章 0 订阅
406 篇文章 0 订阅

1,题目要求

Write an algorithm to determine if a number is “happy”.

A happy number is a number defined by the following process: Starting with any positive integer, replace the number by the sum of the squares of its digits, and repeat the process until the number equals 1 (where it will stay), or it loops endlessly in a cycle which does not include 1. Those numbers for which this process ends in 1 are happy numbers.

Example:
Input: 19
Output: true
Explanation:

12+ 92 = 82
82 + 22 = 68
62 + 82 = 100
12 + 02 + 02 = 1

编写算法以确定数字是否“满意”。

幸福数字是由以下过程定义的数字:从任何正整数开始,将数字替换为其数字的平方和,并重复该过程,直到数字等于1(它将保留),或者循环 在一个不包括1的循环中无休止地。这个过程以1结尾的那些数字是幸福的数字。

2,题目思路

对于这道题,判断一个数字数否“满意”。

从题目给定的范例可以很清楚的明白,就是不断的对一个数字的每一位取平方的和,判断最后的结果是否为1。

取一个数字的每一位数字并不困难,常规的%和/即可。关键在于如果防止陷入永久的循环之中。

其中一个思路,就是设置一个搜索的阈值,即限定搜索的次数。Submission中0ms的答案,就是设置了这样的阈值为10次,虽然很快,但是并不好,有钻题目空子的嫌疑。

如果用常规的方法来做,对于一个数字,如果它当前所产生的数字,在之前的循环中已经产生过了一次,那么,说明此时产生了一个Loop——类似于链表的Loop那样,之后所有的探索都会陷入这个死循环中。

因此,我们只需要对于每次产生的数字,判断其在之前的循环中是否出现过即可。
首先,我们可以使用unordered_map,其中key为数字,value随意,可以是任何数字。我们只需要每次在进行循环时,利用find函数来进行一个判断即可,然后每次都将这个数字加入到对应的map中即可。
这种方法可行,但是速度不是太快。

于是,我们可以利用unordered_set来进行重复数字的判断,因为该容器的insert就自带重复数字的判断。


对于insert(Type value)方法来说,它的返回对象为一个pair对象,该对象包含一个迭代器和一个bool值.

  • 迭代器指向拥有该键的元素,而bool值表明是否添加了元素。
  • 迭代器用first来获得,bool值用second来获得。

因此,例如对于set tmp = {1,2,3},当进行插入操作tmp.insert(1),因为本身set中是有1的,所以,
tmp.insert(1).first是一个指针,存储1所在的地址,因此*tmp.insert(1).first = 1;
tmp.insert(1).second是一个bool值,因为插入是失败的(false),因此tmp.insert(1).second = 0;


3,代码实现

1,unordered_map

int x = []() {
    ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(NULL);
    cout.tie(NULL);
    return 0;
}();

class Solution {
public:
    bool isHappy(int n) {
        unordered_map<int, int> inLoop; 
        while(inLoop.find(n) == inLoop.end()){
            int sum = 0;
            inLoop[n] = 1;
            while(n > 0){
                sum += pow(n%10, 2);
                n /=10;
            }
            if(sum == 1)
                return true;
            n = sum;
        }
        return false;
    }
};

2,unordered_set

class Solution {
public:
    bool isHappy(int n) {
        unordered_set<int> inLoop;
        while(inLoop.insert(n).second){
            int sum = 0;
            while(n>0){
                sum += pow(n%10,2);
                n /= 10;
            }
            if(sum == 1)
                return true;
            n = sum;
        }
        return false;
    }
};
  • 0
    点赞
  • 0
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论
(Telephone Number Word Generator) Standard telephone keypads contain the digits 0 through 9. The numbers 2 through 9 each have three letters associated with them, as is indicated by the following table: Many people find it difficult to memorize phone numbers, so they use the correspondence between digits and letters to develop seven-letter words that correspond to their phone numbers. For example, a person whose telephone number is 686-2377 might use the correspondence indi- cated in the above table to develop the seven-letter word “NUMBERS.” Businesses frequently attempt to get telephone numbers that are easy for their clients to remember. If a business can advertise a simple word for its customers to dial, then no doubt the business will receive a few more calls. Each seven-letter word corresponds to exactly one seven-digit telephone number. The restaurant wishing to increase its take-home business could surely do so with the number 825-3688 (i.e., “TAKEOUT”). Each seven-digit phone number corresponds to many separate seven-letter words. Unfortunately, most of these represent unrecognizable juxtaposi- tions of letters. It’s possible, however, that the owner of a barber shop would be pleased to know that the shop’s telephone number, 424-7288, corresponds to “HAIRCUT.” A veterinarian with the phone number 738-2273 would be happy to know that the number corresponds to “PETCARE.” Write a program that, given a seven-digit number, writes to a file every possible seven-letter word corresponding to that number. There are 2187 (3 to the seventh power) such words. Avoid phone numbers with the digits 0 and 1.
最新发布
06-09
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值