45.Redis核心数据结构实战与高性能原理剖析

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已于 2023-10-21 11:35:58 修改

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分类专栏： 726打卡文章标签： redis 数据结构数据库

于 2023-10-20 22:26:04 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/lyw2019/article/details/133955290

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Redis五种常用数据结构

#redis-cli查看帮助命令
help @string

string 应用场景

//单值缓存
@Test
public void redisString() throws JsonProcessingException {
    Jedis jedis = pool.getResource();
    //            for (String key : jedis.keys("*")) {
    //                System.out.println(key + " : " + jedis.get(key));
    //            }
    //单值缓存 && 对象缓存
    var users = new ArrayList<User>();
    users.add(new User(125, "Blue1"));
    users.add(new User(127, "Banana1"));
    users.add(new User(128, "Yellow1"));
    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
    List<String> keys = new ArrayList<>();
    for (User user : users) {
        String key = "user:" + user.getId();
        keys.add(key);
        var objStr = mapper.writeValueAsString(user);
        String set = jedis.set(key, objStr);
        System.out.println(set); //OK
    }
    String[] array = keys.toArray(new String[0]);
    List<String> mget = jedis.mget(array);
    for (String value : mget) {
        User user = mapper.readValue(value, User.class);
        System.out.println("id : " + user.getId() + " name:" + user.getName());
    }
}

//分布式锁
private JedisPool pool= new JedisPool("localhost", 6379);
private String lockKey = "lock:product:10000";
@Test
public void redisLock() throws InterruptedException {
    var work = new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            long setnx = 0;
            Jedis jedis = pool.getResource();
            try {
                setnx = jedis.setnx(lockKey, "1");
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " setnx " + setnx);
                if (setnx > 0) {
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " do process...");
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(1000);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        throw new RuntimeException(e);
                    }
                }
            } finally {
                if (setnx > 0) {
                    long del = jedis.del(lockKey);
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " del result = " + del);
                }
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " end...");
            }
        }
    };
    var t1 = new Thread(work, "t1");
    var t2 = new Thread(work, "t2");
    t1.start();
    t2.start();

    try {
        Thread.sleep(2000);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }
}

//计数器

@Test
public void counter(){
    Jedis jedis = pool.getResource();
    String key = "article:readCount:173745";
    for (int i = 0; i < 5000; i++) {
        jedis.incr(key);
    }
    System.out.println("article.counter：" + jedis.get(key));
}
//Web集群session共享

//分布式序列化 INCRBY  orderId  1000		//redis批量生成序列号提升性能
@Test
public void generateNumber(){
    Jedis jedis = pool.getResource();
    String key = "sequenceNumber";
    long number = jedis.incrBy(key, 1000);
    for (int i = (int) (number - 1000 + 1); i <= number; i++) {
        //generateRealNumber
        System.out.printf("待使用的序列号：generateRealNumber（%d）\n", i);
    }
}

hash

与 string 存储对象的优缺点

同类数据归类整合储存，方便数据管理
相比string操作消耗内存与cpu更小
相比string储存更节省空间

缺点

过期功能不能使用在field上，只能用在key上
Redis集群架构下不适合大规模使用

//对象存储
@Test
public void objStore() {
    Jedis jedis = pool.getResource();
    var users = new ArrayList<User>();
    users.add(new User(200, "Orange"));
    users.add(new User(201, "Pink"));
    users.add(new User(202, "Black"));
    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
    List<String> keys = new ArrayList<>();
    for (User user : users) {
        Map<String, String> userMap = mapper.convertValue(user, Map.class);
        String key = "user:" + user.getId();
        keys.add(key);
        jedis.hmset(key, userMap);
    }

    for (String key : keys) {
        List<String> list = jedis.hmget(key, "Id", "Name", "id");
        System.out.println(list);
    }
}

//电商购物车
@Test
public void cart() {
    //        购物车操作
    int userId = 10086;
    String cartKey = "cart:" + userId;
    Jedis jedis = pool.getResource();
    Map<String, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
    map.put("sku30742", 5);
    map.put("sku30745", 1);
    map.put("sku18764", 1);
    map.forEach((String key, Integer value) -> {
        for (int i = 0; i < value; i++) {
            //增加数量
            jedis.hincrBy(cartKey, key, 1);

            //删除商品
            if (new Random().nextInt(4) == 0) {
                jedis.hdel(cartKey, key);
            }
        }
    });
    System.out.println("购物车商品总类：" + jedis.hlen(cartKey));
    //获取购物车所有商品
    Map<String, String> cartData = jedis.hgetAll(cartKey);
    cartData.forEach((String key, String v) -> {
        System.out.println("商品id：" + key + " 数量：" + v);
    });
}

list

常用数据结构

Stack(栈) = LPUSH + LPOP
Queue(队列）= LPUSH + RPOP
Blocking MQ(阻塞队列）= LPUSH + BRPOP

//List 应用场景.微博消息和微信公号消息
@Test
public void msgPool() {
    Jedis jedis = pool.getResource();
    int userId = 10086;
    String msgKey = "msg:" + userId;
    //关注用户a发消息
    String aMsgId = "1400571";
    jedis.lpush(msgKey, aMsgId);
    //关注用户b发消息
    String bMsgId = "1400856";
    jedis.lpush(msgKey, bMsgId);
    //关注用户c发消息
    String cMsgId = "1401023";
    jedis.lpush(msgKey, cMsgId);

    System.out.println("未读消息条数：" + jedis.llen(msgKey));

    //查看最新消息
    List<String> list = jedis.lrange(msgKey, 0, 3);
    for (String msgId : list) {
        System.out.println("最新消息id：" + msgId);
    }

}

set



//微信抽奖小程序
@Test
public void lottery() {
    Jedis jedis = pool.getResource();
    String lotteryKey = "lottery:20231020";
    //查询参与人数
    if (jedis.scard(lotteryKey) == 0) {
        //参与抽奖的用户
        String[] members = new String[50];
        for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
            var userId = "userId:" + i + 10000;
            members[i] = userId;
        }
        jedis.sadd(lotteryKey, members);

    }
    //抽取幸运奖
    List<String> srandmember = jedis.srandmember(lotteryKey, 5);
    System.out.println("幸运奖:" + srandmember);
    //抽取n名中奖
    for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
        System.out.printf("%d等奖：%s\n", i, jedis.spop(lotteryKey, i));
    }

    //查看所有参与抽奖的用户
    Set<String> smembers = jedis.smembers(lotteryKey);
    System.out.printf("剩余用户（%d）：%s%n", smembers.size(), smembers);

}


//微信微博点赞，收藏，标签
@Test
public void like() {
    Jedis jedis = pool.getResource();
    String likeKey = "like:7637471";
    String[] users = new String[10];
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
        var userId = "userId:" + i + 10000;
        users[i] = userId;
        //点赞
        long sadd = jedis.sadd(likeKey, userId);
        System.out.println(userId + "点赞结果：" + sadd);
        //取消点赞
        if (new Random().nextInt(3) == 0) {
            jedis.srem(likeKey, userId);
        }
    }
    //检查用户是否点过赞
    for (String user : users) {
        System.out.println(user + " 点赞状态：" + jedis.sismember(likeKey, user));
    }
    //获取点赞的用户列表
    Set<String> smembers = jedis.smembers(likeKey);
    //获取点赞用户数
    System.out.printf("点赞用户（%d）：%s%n", jedis.scard(likeKey), smembers);
}

//集合操作实现微博微信关注模型
@Test
public void friends() {
    Jedis jedis = pool.getResource();
    String[] users = new String[]{"John","Mark","Anne","Bob","Lucy","Kate","Tom","Paul","guojia"};
    String[] users2 = new String[]{"Bob","Lily","Kate","Tom","Dave"};
    String[] users3 = new String[]{"Emma","Mary","Anne","Bill","Lucy","Leah","Tom","Paul"};
    //诸葛老师关注的人
    String k1 = "followed:1305";
    jedis.sadd(k1, users);
    //杨过老师关注的人
    String k2 = "followed:2573";
    jedis.sadd(k2, users2);
    //郭嘉老师关注的人
    String k3 = "followed:4080";
    jedis.sadd(k3, users3);

    System.out.println("诸葛老师和杨过老师共同关注:" + jedis.sinter(k1, k2));
    for (String user : users) {
        //todo 获取用户的关注集合，找到对应的人
        if (jedis.sismember(k1, "yangguo")) {
            System.out.printf("我关注的人[%s]也关注他:\n", user);
        }
    }
    System.out.println("访问郭嘉老师的主页，我可能认识的人:" + jedis.sdiff(k3, k1));
}

zset

//Zset集合操作实现排行榜
@Test
public void rank() {
    Jedis jedis = pool.getResource();
    Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
    SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd");
    //生成近七天新闻排行榜，
    String[] news = new String[]{
        "高燃！我们的光芒闪耀半边天",
        "世界互联网大会国际组织会员工作成果",
        "落马贪官吃早餐不舍得加鸡蛋",
        "金融惠民助消费升温",
        "Lisa疯马秀",
        "网友晒图：扎心了，历史总是惊人的相似",
        "为啥排骨焯水后又腥又柴",
        "公办教师调入镇政府工作30年",
        "因孩子未完成作业，老师在微信点名批评",
        "两三年才换一次手机",
    };
    String[] dateKeys = new String[7];
    for(int i=0; i<7; i++) {
        cal.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, -1);

        Date date = cal.getTime();
        String dateKey = "hotNews:" + sdf.format(date);
        dateKeys[i] = dateKey;
        //点击新闻
        for (int j = 0; j < news.length; j++) {
            jedis.zincrby(dateKey, new Random().nextInt(10000), news[j]);
        }
    }
    //展示当日排行前十
    for (String dateKey : dateKeys) {
        System.out.println("===========" + dateKey.replace("hotNews:", "") + "新闻排行 ===========");
        List<Tuple> list = jedis.zrevrangeWithScores(dateKey, 0, 9);
        for (Tuple tuple : list) {
            System.out.println(tuple.getElement() + " 点击数量：" + tuple.getScore());
        }
    }
    //合并七天数据
    String combineKey = "hotNews:combine";
    long zunionstore = jedis.zunionstore(combineKey, dateKeys);
    System.out.println("合并结果：" + zunionstore);
    System.out.println("=========== 七日排行前十 ===========");
    List<Tuple> tuples = jedis.zrevrangeWithScores(combineKey, 0, 9);
    for (Tuple tuple : tuples) {
        System.out.println(tuple.getElement() + " 点击数量：" + tuple.getScore());
    }
}

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45.Redis核心数据结构实战与高性能原理剖析

Blocking MQ(阻塞队列）= LPUSH + BRPOP。LPUSH msg:{诸葛老师-ID} 10018。LRANGE msg:{诸葛老师-ID} 0 4。LPUSH msg:{诸葛老师-ID} 10086。Queue(队列）= LPUSH + RPOP。1）MacTalk发微博，消息ID为10018。2）相比string操作消耗内存与cpu更小。2）备胎说车发微博，消息ID为10086。1）同类数据归类整合储存，方便数据管理。3）相比string储存更节省空间。
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