SpringBoot中Shiro的应用

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分类专栏： Springboot 文章标签： java shiro spring boot

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/lyyrhf/article/details/114928323

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Shiro

1. 什么是Shiro

Apache Shiro是一个fava的安全（权限）框架。
Shiro可以非常容易的开发出足够好的应用，其不仅可以用在JavaSE环境，也可以用在JavaEE环境。
Shiro可以完成，认证，授权，加密，会话管理，Web集成，缓存等。

2. Shiro有哪些功能

在这里插入图片描述

Authentication：身份认证、登录，验证用户是不是拥有相应的身份
Authorization：授权，即权限验证，验证某个已认证的用户是否拥有某个权限，即判断用户能否进行什么操作，如:验证某个用户是否拥有某个角色，或者细粒度的验证某个用户对某个资源是否具有某个权限
**Session Manager：**会话管理，即用户登录后就是第一次会话，在没有退出之前，它的所有信息都在会话中;会话可以是普通的JavaSE环境，也可以是Web环境
Cryptography：加密，保护数据的安全性，如密码加密存储到数据库中，而不是明文存储
WebSupport：Web支持，可以非常容易的集成到Web环境;
Caching：缓存，比如用户登录后，其用户信息，拥有的角色、权限不必每次去查，这样可以提高效率
Concurrency：Shiro支持多线程应用的并发验证，即，如在一个线程中开启另一个线程，能把权限自动的传播过去
Testing：提供测试支持
Run As：允许一个用户假装为另一个用户（如果他们允许）的身份进行访问
Remember Me：记住我，这个是非常常见的功能，即一次登录后，下次再来的话不用登录了

3. Shiro内部架构

在这里插入图片描述

4. HelloShiro

导入依赖

    <!-- configure logging -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
        <version>1.7.21</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
        <version>1.7.21</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.17</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

配置log4j日志

log4j.rootLogger=INFO, stdout

log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m %n

# General Apache libraries
log4j.logger.org.apache=WARN

# Spring
log4j.logger.org.springframework=WARN

# Default Shiro logging
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro=INFO

# Disable verbose logging
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.util.ThreadContext=WARN
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.cache.ehcache.EhCache=WARN

配置shiro.ini

[users]
# user 'root' with password 'secret' and the 'admin' role
root = secret, admin
# user 'guest' with the password 'guest' and the 'guest' role
guest = guest, guest
# user 'presidentskroob' with password '12345' ("That's the same combination on
# my luggage!!!" ;)), and role 'president'
presidentskroob = 12345, president
# user 'darkhelmet' with password 'ludicrousspeed' and roles 'darklord' and 'schwartz'
darkhelmet = ludicrousspeed, darklord, schwartz
# user 'lonestarr' with password 'vespa' and roles 'goodguy' and 'schwartz'
lonestarr = vespa, goodguy, schwartz

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Roles with assigned permissions
#
# Each line conforms to the format defined in the
# org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setRoleDefinitions JavaDoc
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[roles]
# 'admin' role has all permissions, indicated by the wildcard '*'
admin = *
# The 'schwartz' role can do anything (*) with any lightsaber:
schwartz = lightsaber:*
# The 'goodguy' role is allowed to 'drive' (action) the winnebago (type) with
# license plate 'eagle5' (instance specific id)
goodguy = winnebago:drive:eagle5

QuickStart

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.config.IniSecurityManagerFactory;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.apache.shiro.util.Factory;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;


/**
 * Simple Quickstart application showing how to use Shiro's API.
 *
 * @since 0.9 RC2
 */
class Quickstart {

    private static final transient Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Quickstart.class);


    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Factory<SecurityManager> factory = new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini");
        SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();
        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);




        //获取当前的用户对象
        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();

        //通过当前用户得到session
        Session session = currentUser.getSession();
        session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");
        String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");
        if (value.equals("aValue")) {
            log.info("通过currentUser得到 [" + value + "]");
        }

        //判断当前的用户是否被认证
        if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {
            //Token：令牌，没获取，随机设置
            UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");
            token.setRememberMe(true); //设置记住我
            try {
                currentUser.login(token);//执行登录操作
            } catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {
                log.info("There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());
            } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
                log.info("Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");
            } catch (LockedAccountException lae) {
                log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked.  " +
                        "Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");
            }
            // ... catch more exceptions here (maybe custom ones specific to your application?
            catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
                //unexpected condition?  error?
            }
        }


        //打印身份认证
        log.info("User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");

        //测试角色
        if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")) {
            log.info("May the Schwartz be with you!");
        } else {
            log.info("Hello, mere mortal.");
        }

        //测试粗粒度权限
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield")) {
            log.info("You may use a lightsaber ring.  Use it wisely.");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");
        }

        //测试细粒度权限
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5")) {
            log.info("You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'.  " +
                    "Here are the keys - have fun!");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");
        }

        //注销
        currentUser.logout();

        //退出系统
        System.exit(0);
    }
}

大致流程：

//获取当前的用户对象
	Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
//通过当前用户得到session
	Session session = currentUser.getSession();
//判断当前的用户是否被认证
	if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated());
//打印身份认证
	log.info("User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");
//测试角色
	if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz"));
//测试粗粒度权限
	if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield"));
//测试细粒度权限
	if (currentUser.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5"));
//注销
	currentUser.logout();
//退出系统
	System.exit(0);

5. SpringBoot整合Shiro

导入thymeleaf依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
    <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
    <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-java8time</artifactId>
</dependency>

编写Controller、实现跳转到首页index.html

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导入shiro-spring

<!--shiro整合spring的包-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
    <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
    <version>1.4.1</version>
</dependency>

编写配置类

package com.kung.config;

import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {

    //3.ShiroFilterBean
    @Bean
    public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("securityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager){
        ShiroFilterFactoryBean bean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        //设置安全管理器
        bean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);
        return bean;
    }

    //2.DefaultWebSecurityManager
    @Bean(name="securityManager")
    public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userRealm") UserRealm userRealm){
        DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
        //关联realm
        securityManager.setRealm(userRealm);

        return securityManager;
    }

    //1.创建 realm 对象
    @Bean
    public UserRealm userRealm(){
        return new UserRealm();
    }

}

三个bean各自需要，传参过去，然后@Qualifier指定一下方法名即可指定到它需要的！

自定义UserRealm

package com.kung.config;

import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;

//自定义UserRealm
public class UserRealm  extends AuthorizingRealm {
    //授权
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
        System.out.println("执行了=>授权doGetAuthorizationInfo");
        return null;
    }

    //认证
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        System.out.println("执行了=>认证doGetAuthorizationInfo");
        return null;
    }
}

6. 登录拦截

添加过滤器过滤普通用户

//添加shiro的内置过滤器
    /*
    anno：无需认证即可访问
    authc：必须认证才可访问
    user：必须拥有 记住我 功能才可访问
    perms：拥有对某个资源的权限才可访问
    role：拥有某个角色权限才可访问
     */
ShiroFilterFactoryBean bean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();

Map<String, String> filterMap=new LinkedHashMap<>();

filterMap.put("/user/add","authc");
filterMap.put("/user/update","authc");

//设置登录请求
bean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");
 bean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);

登录页面的设计和跳转实现即可

7. 用户认证

执行登录

@RequestMapping("/login")
public String login(String username,String password,Model model){
    //获取当前用户
    Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
    //封装用户登录数据
    UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(username,password);

    try {
        subject.login(token);//执行登录方法,如果没有异常就ok
        return "index";
    }catch(UnknownAccountException e){
        //用户名不存在
        model.addAttribute("msg","用户名错误");
        return "login";
    }
    catch(IncorrectCredentialsException e){
        //密码错误
        model.addAttribute("msg","密码错误");
        return "login";
    }
}

实现用户认证

在登录执行之后会直接跳转到执行认证，更新执行认证：

//用户名 密码
String name="root";
String password="123456";

UsernamePasswordToken userToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) token;
if(!userToken.getUsername().equals(name)){
    return null;//抛出异常 UnknowAccountException
}


//密码认证 shiro做
return  new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",password,"");

8. 整合Mybatis

导入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>2.1.0</version>
</dependency>

yaml配置

spring:
  datasource:
    username: root
    password: admin
    url:  jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/rahiafeng?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

properties配置

mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.kuang.pojo
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mapper/*.xml

UserRealm连接真实数据库

UsernamePasswordToken userToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) token;
//连接真实数据库
User user = userService.queryUserByName(userToken.getUsername());

if(user==null){
    //没有这个人
    return null;
}

//可以加密 MD5 MD5盐值加密
//密码认证 shiro做
return  new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",user.getPwd(),"");

9. 授权实现

先给未授权的拦截

//授权,正常情况下未授权会跳转到未授权页面
filterMap.put("/user/add","perms[user:add]");

//未授权页面
bean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/noauth");

添加数据库字段，权限

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实现不同权限看不同东西

//拿到当前登录对象
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
User currentUser = (User) subject.getPrincipal();

//设置当前用户的权限
info.addStringPermission(currentUser.getPerms());

return  new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user,user.getPwd(),"");

10. 整合thymeleaf

导入依赖

<!--shiro和thymeleaf整合-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.github.theborakompanioni</groupId>
    <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-shiro</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.0</version>
</dependency>

配置shiroDialect

//整合ShiroDialect：用来整合shiro和thymeleaf
public ShiroDialect getShiroDialect(){
    return new ShiroDialect();
}

获取登录session以改变登录之后无登录按钮

Subject currentSubject =SecurityUtils.getSubject();
Session session = currentSubject.getSession();
session.setAttribute("loginUser",user);

//可以加密 MD5 MD5盐值加密
//密码认证 shiro做
return  new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user,user.getPwd(),"");

增加约束并前端修改

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"  xmlns:th="https://www.thymeleaf.org"
      xmlns:shiro="https://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-shiro">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>首页</h1>
<!--从session中判断值-->
<div th:if="${session.loginUser==null}">
    <a th:href="@{/toLogin}">登录</a>
</div>
<p th:text="${msg}"></p>
</hr>


<div shiro:hasPermission="user:add">
<a th:href="@{/user/add}">add</a>
</div>

<div shiro:hasPermission="user:update">
<a th:href="@{/user/update}">update</a>
</div>

</body>
</html>