Java使用DOM解析XML的文件属性名和属性值、节点名和节点值

第一种xml：（注意book.xml中id的位置）

book.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<bookstore>
	<book id="1">
		<name>懂得生活</name>
		<author>Mr Azzan</author>
		<year>2017</year>
		<price>100.00</price>
	</book>
	<book id="2">
		<name>热爱生活</name>
		<author>Miss Sun</author>
		<year>2017</year>
		<price>121.00</price>
	</book>
</bookstore>

DomTest.java文件

package DomReadXMLFile;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;



public class DomTest {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
	//创建DocumentBuilderFactory对象  
        DocumentBuilderFactory a = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();  
        try {  
            //创建DocumentBuilder对象  
            DocumentBuilder b = a.newDocumentBuilder();  
            //通过DocumentBuilder对象的parse方法返回一个Document对象  
            Document document = b.parse("book.xml");  
            //通过Document对象的getElementsByTagName()返根节点的一个list集合  
            NodeList booklist = document.getElementsByTagName("book");  
            for(int i =0; i<booklist.getLength(); i++){
            	
                //循环遍历获取每一个book  
                Node book = booklist.item(i);  
                //通过Node对象的getAttributes()方法获取全的属性值  
                NamedNodeMap bookmap = book.getAttributes();  
                //循环遍每一个book的属性值  
                for(int j = 0; j<bookmap.getLength(); j++){  
                    Node node = bookmap.item(j);  
                    //通过Node对象的getNodeName()和getNodeValue()方法获取属性名和属性值  
                    System.out.print(node.getNodeName()+":");  
                    System.out.println(node.getNodeValue());  
                }  
                //解析book节点的子节点
                NodeList childlist = book.getChildNodes();  
                for(int t = 0; t<childlist.getLength(); t++){  
                    //区分出text类型的node以及element类型的node  
                    if(childlist.item(t).getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE){  
                        System.out.print(childlist.item(t).getNodeName()+":");  
                        System.out.println(childlist.item(t).getTextContent());  
                    }  
                }  
               
            }  
        } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        } catch (SAXException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        } 
	}

}

运行结果：

第二种xml：（注意booktwo.xml中id的位置）

booktwo.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<bookstore>
	<book>
	<id>1</id>
		<name>懂得生活</name>
		<author>Mr Azzan</author>
		<year>2017</year>
		<price>100.00</price>
	</book>
	<book>
		<id>2</id>
		<name>热爱生活</name>
		<author>Miss Sun</author>
		<year>2017</year>
		<price>121.00</price>
	</book>
</bookstore>

DomTestTwo.java文件

package DomReadXMLFile;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;



public class DomTestTwo {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//创建DocumentBuilderFactory对象  
        DocumentBuilderFactory a = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();  
        try {  
            //创建DocumentBuilder对象  
            DocumentBuilder b = a.newDocumentBuilder();  
            //通过DocumentBuilder对象的parse方法返回一个Document对象  
            Document document = b.parse("booktwo.xml");  
            //通过Document对象的getElementsByTagName()返根节点的一个list集合  
            NodeList bookList = document.getElementsByTagName("book");  
            for(int i =0; i<bookList.getLength(); i++){
            	System.out.println("========开始遍历第"+(i+1)+"本书========");
            	
            	//获取id的属性值
            	System.out.println("id:"+document.getElementsByTagName("id").item(i).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
            	//获取name的属性值
            	System.out.println("name:"+document.getElementsByTagName("name").item(i).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
            	//获取author的属性值
            	System.out.println("author:"+document.getElementsByTagName("author").item(i).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
            	//获取year的属性值
            	System.out.println("year:"+document.getElementsByTagName("year").item(i).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
            	//获取price的属性值
            	System.out.println("price:"+document.getElementsByTagName("price").item(i).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
                
                System.out.println("========结束遍历第"+(i+1)+"本书========");
            }  
        } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        } catch (SAXException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        } 
	}

}

运行结果：