linux硬件信息及性能基础运维命令

一、磁盘
dd命令测试读写性能 if – in file of – out file

1）dd测试写性能

10-243-14-95:~ # time dd if=/dev/zero of=test.file bs=8k count=128000 oflag=direct,nonblock
dd: error writing 'test.file': No space left on device
121916+0 records in
121915+0 records out
998727680 bytes (999 MB, 952 MiB) copied, 97.6907 s, 10.2 MB/s

real	1m37.694s
user	0m0.201s
sys	0m3.930s

2）dd测试读性能

10-243-14-95:~ # dd if=test.file of=/dev/null bs=8k count=128000 iflag=direct,nonblock
121915+0 records in
121915+0 records out
998727680 bytes (999 MB, 952 MiB) copied, 46.7931 s, 21.3 MB/sif

3）pidstat查看读写的进程
kB_rd/s ：每秒从磁盘读取的KB
kB_wr/s :每秒写入磁盘KB
sort：-n 按数值比较，-r倒序，-k指定列，-t指定分隔符，-u去重

10-243-14-95:~ # pidstat -d | sort -nrk 4 |head  
11:21:46      UID       PID   kB_rd/s   kB_wr/s kB_ccwr/s iodelay  Command
11:21:10        0         1     35.87    522.13    100.04    4086  systemd
11:21:10     2100     41661     27.09     45.41      0.00    1092  gaussdb
11:21:10     2000      4753      8.62    291.22     40.78       0  java
11:21:10     2000     40819      4.73     12.28      0.23       0  java
11:21:10     2100     42875      0.19     32.77      0.00  688994  gaussdb

4）iostat查看所有磁盘读写的情况

10-243-14-95:~ # iostat 
Linux 4.12.14-122.71-default (10-243-14-95) 	07/25/22 	_x86_64_	(16 CPU)

avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle
          19.83    0.14   10.6