hadoop3.x--搭建hadoop高可用集群(HA模式)

一、安装前

1. 集群规划

hostnameipNNJNDNZKFCZKRMNM
hadoopHA01192.168.10.201yesyesyes
hadoopHA02192.168.10.202yesyesyesyesyesyes
hadoopHA03192.168.10.203yesyesyesyesyes
hadoopHA04192.168.10.204yesyesyesyes

2. 安装前配置

1)创建第一台虚拟机(hadoopHA01):

虚拟机系统镜像:CentOS-7.5-x86_64-DVD-1804.iso
系统版本:centos7.5(GNU/Linux)
内存:5G
处理器:4U
硬盘:20G

[root@hadoopHA01 hadoop]# cat /etc/os-release
NAME="CentOS Linux"
VERSION="7 (Core)"
…………
[root@hadoopHA01 hadoop]# uname -a
Linux hadoopHA01 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Apr 20 16:44:24 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@hadoopHA01 hadoop]#  cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep processor | wc -l
4
[root@hadoopHA01 hadoop]# free -m
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           3773         147        1548          11        2076        3283
Swap:           255           0         255
[root@hadoopHA01 hadoop]# lsblk | grep disk
sda      8:0    0   20G  0 disk

2)基本配置

  • 网络
[root@hadoopHA01 hadoop]# cat  /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
…………
IPADDR=192.168.10.201
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.10.2
DNS1=192.168.10.2
  • 修改主机名
[root@hadoopHA01 hadoop]# cat /etc/hostname
hadoopHA01
  • hosts文件,添加集群所有节点的ip/主机名映射
[root@hadoopHA01 hadoop]# cat /etc/hosts
…………

192.168.10.201 hadoopHA01
192.168.10.202 hadoopHA02
192.168.10.203 hadoopHA03
192.168.10.204 hadoopHA04
  • 创建分发脚本
[root@hadoopHA01 opt]# cat /root/bin/xsync
#!/bin/bash

#1. 判断参数个数
if [ $# -lt 1 ]
then
    echo Not Enough Arguement!
    exit;
fi
#2. 遍历集群所有机器
for host in hadoopHA02 hadoopHA03 hadoopHA04
do
    echo ====================  $host  ====================
    #3. 遍历所有目录,挨个发送

    for file in $@
    do
        #4. 判断文件是否存在
        if [ -e $file ]
            then
                #5. 获取父目录
                pdir=$(cd -P $(dirname $file); pwd)

                #6. 获取当前文件的名称
                fname=$(basename $file)
                ssh $host "mkdir -p $pdir"
                rsync -av $pdir/$fname $host:$pdir
            else
                echo $file does not exists!
        fi
    done
done

3. 安装jdk与hadoop

  • 传包
    将jdk与hadoop安装包上传到新建的/opt/packages目录下
[root@hadoopHA01 hadoop]# mkdir /opt/packages/
[root@hadoopHA01 hadoop]# ll /opt/packages/
总用量 520600
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 338075860 430 16:57 hadoop-3.1.3.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 195013152 430 16:57 jdk-8u212-linux-x64.tar.gz
  • 解压即安装
    分别解压到新建的/opt/software目录下
[root@hadoopHA01 packages]# mkdir /opt/software/
[root@hadoopHA01 packages]# tar xvf jdk-8u212-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /opt/software/
[root@hadoopHA01 packages]# tar xvf hadoop-3.1.3.tar.gz -C /opt/software/
  • 创建软连接
[root@hadoopHA01 software]# ln -s hadoop-3.1.3/ hadoop
[root@hadoopHA01 software]# ll
总用量 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root    root     13 430 17:46 hadoop -> hadoop-3.1.3/
drwxr-xr-x 9 atguigu atguigu 149 912 2019 hadoop-3.1.3
drwxr-xr-x 7      10     143 245 42 2019 jdk1.8.0_212

  • 配置环境变量
    新建/etc/profile.d/my_env.sh文件写入以下内容
[root@hadoopHA01 packages]# cat /etc/profile.d/my_env.sh
#JAVA_HOME
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/software/jdk1.8.0_212
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

#HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/software/hadoop-3.1.3
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin
  • source使环境变量生效
[root@hadoopHA01 packages]# source /etc/profile
  • 验证安装
[root@hadoopHA01 packages]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_212"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_212-b10)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.212-b10, mixed mode)
[root@hadoopHA01 packages]# hadoop version
Hadoop 3.1.3
Source code repository https://gitbox.apache.org/repos/asf/hadoop.git -r ba631c436b806728f8ec2f54ab1e289526c90579
Compiled by ztang on 2019-09-12T02:47Z
Compiled with protoc 2.5.0
From source with checksum ec785077c385118ac91aadde5ec9799
This command was run using /opt/software/hadoop-3.1.3/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-common-3.1.3.jar

4. 克隆虚拟机与互信配置

从配置好的hadoopHA01克隆出hadoopHA02、hadoopHA03、hadoopHA04,分别修改ip与hostname,重启

以hadoopHA02为例:

[root@hadoopHA02 ~]# ifconfig ens33
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.10.202  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.10.255
…………

[root@hadoopHA02 ~]# hostname
hadoopHA02
  • 互信配置

原则:
hadoopHA01 与所有节点免密方便管理集群
hadoopHA02 与各zk节点免密方便管理zk
nn主备之间需要免密

hadoopHA01 节点所有节点免密

[root@hadoopHA01 hadoop]# history | grep ssh
  289  ssh-keygen -t rsa
  290  ssh-copy-id hadoopHA02
  291  ssh-copy-id hadoopHA03
  292  ssh-copy-id hadoopHA04
  296  ssh-copy-id hadoopHA01

hadoopHA02与本机以及hadoopHA01 的免密

[root@hadoopHA02 .ssh]# history | grep ssh
  294  ssh-keygen -t rsa
  295  ssh-copy-id hadoopHA02
  301  ssh-copy-id hadoopHA01
  302  ssh-copy-id hadoopHA03
  303  ssh-copy-id hadoopHA04

5. 搭建zookeeper集群

1)先配置hadoopHA02 单机

  • 上传zk安装包到hadoopHA02 ,解压,创建软连接
[root@hadoopHA02 zookeeper]# history
306  mkdir pacakges
307  cd pacakges/
309  tar xvf apache-zookeeper-3.5.7-bin.tar.gz -C ../software/
312  ln -s apache-zookeeper-3.5.7-bin/ zookeeper
  • zk配置:
cd zookeeper/conf/
[root@hadoopHA02 zookeeper]# cat conf/zoo.cfg
…………
dataDir=/opt/software/zookeeper/data
# the port at which the clients will connect
clientPort=2181
server.1=hadoopHA02:2888:3888
server.2=hadoopHA03:2888:3888
server.3=hadoopHA04:2888:3888
…………
  • 添加环境变量
[root@hadoopHA02 zookeeper]# tail -5 /etc/profile.d/my_env.sh

#ZOOkEEPER
export ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/opt/software/zookeeper
export PATH=$PATH:$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin

[root@hadoopHA02 zookeeper]# source /etc/profile
  • 在zoo.cfg中dataDir指定的目录下 添加mid文件
[root@hadoopHA02 zookeeper]# cat /opt/software/zookeeper/data/myid
1

2)分发到hadoopHA03、hadoopHA04

[root@hadoopHA02 software]# cd /opt/software/
[root@hadoopHA02 software]# xsync apache-zookeeper-3.5.7-bin/
[root@hadoopHA02 software]# xsync zookeeper

hadoopHA03、hadoopHA04分别修改myid文件

[root@hadoopHA02 software]# xsync /opt/software/hadoop/zk
[root@hadoopHA03 zk]# cat /opt/software/zookeeper/data/myid
2
[root@hadoopHA04 zk]# cat /opt/software/zookeeper/data/myid
3

3) 启动zk集群
三个zk节点分别启动zk,以hadoopHA04为例

[root@hadoopHA04 data]# zkServer.sh start

二、HDFS

1. 配置hdfs

  • core-site.xml
    <property>
      <!-- 配置hadoop使用的hdfs-->
      <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
      <value>hdfs://hacluster</value>
    </property>

     <property>
       <!-- 配置zkfc使用的zookeeper地址-->
       <name>ha.zookeeper.quorum</name>
       <value>hadoopHA02:2181,hadoopHA03:2181,hadoopHA04:2181</value>
     </property>
  • hdfs-site.xml
    <property>
      <!-- namenode数据存放位置-->
      <name>dfs.namenode.data.dir</name>
      <value>/opt/software/hadoop/hadata/dfs/name</value>
    </property>
    
    <property>
      <!-- datanode数据存放位置-->
      <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
      <value>/opt/software/hadoop/hadata/dfs/data</value>
    </property>

    <property>
      <!-- journalnode数据存放位置 -->
      <name>dfs.journalnode.edits.dir</name>
      <value>/opt/software/hadoop/hadata/dfs/journal</value>
    </property>
    
    <property>
      <!-- 配置hdfs的名字-->
      <name>dfs.replication</name>
      <value>2</value>
    </property>
    
    <property>
      <!-- 配置hdfs的名字-->
      <name>dfs.nameservices</name>
      <value>hacluster</value>
    </property>

    <property>
      <!-- 配置hdfs的nn,这里只是一个名字,下面会定义每个nn与物理主机的映射-->
      <name>dfs.ha.namenodes.hacluster</name>
      <value>nn1,nn2</value>
    </property>


    <property>
      <!-- 配置nn,与物理主机的映射-->
      <name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.hacluster.nn1</name>
      <value>hadoopHA01:8020</value>
    </property>
    <property>
      <!-- 配置nn,与物理主机的映射-->
      <name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.hacluster.nn2</name>
      <value>hadoopHA02:8020</value>
    </property>

    <property>
      <!-- 配置nn的前台访问地址-->
      <name>dfs.namenode.http-address.hacluster.nn1</name>
      <value>hadoopHA01:9870</value>
    </property>
    <property>
      <!-- 配置nn的前台访问地址-->
      <name>dfs.namenode.http-address.hacluster.nn2</name>
      <value>hadoopHA02:9870</value>
    </property>

    <property>
      <!-- qjournal为协议名,后面ip:port是在配置journalnode的主机,hacluster是jn上的目录-->
      <name>dfs.namenode.shared.edits.dir</name>
      <value>qjournal://hadoopHA02:8485;hadoopHA03:8485;hadoopHA04:8485/hacluster</value>
    </property>
    

    <!-- 代理配置 -->
    <property>
      <name>dfs.client.failover.proxy.provider.hacluster</name>
      <value>org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.ConfiguredFailoverProxyProvider</value>
    </property>
    
    <property>
      <!-- 免密方式 -->
      <name>dfs.ha.fencing.methods</name>
      <value>sshfence</value>
    </property>

    <property>
      <!-- 免密密钥位置 -->
      <name>dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.private-key-files</name>
      <value>/root/.ssh/id_rsa</value>
    </property>
    

     <property>
       <!-- 自动故障转移,true时在启动nn的时候自动启动zkfc(与nn同节点) -->
       <name>dfs.ha.automatic-failover.enabled</name>
       <value>true</value>
    </property>

2. 初始化启动hdfs集群

  • 启动所有journalnode
    以hadoopHA04 为例
[root@hadoopHA04 ~]# hdfs --daemon start journalnode
  • 任选一个namenode格式化,并启动namenode,第一个启动为active节点
[root@hadoopHA01 sbin]# hdfs namenode -format
[root@hadoopHA01 sbin]# hdfs --daemon start namenode
  • 另一个namenode同步主namenode,为standby节点
[root@hadoopHA02 current]# hdfs namenode -bootstrapStandby
  • 设置集群用户
    将以下内容加入到start-dfs.sh stop-dfs.sh文件开头
HDFS_DATANODE_USER=root
HDFS_NAMENODE_USER=root
HDFS_JOURNALNODE_USER=root
HDFS_ZKFC_USER=root
  • 格式化zkfc,启动hdfs集群
[root@hadoopHA01 sbin]# hdfs zkfc -formatZK
[root@hadoopHA01 sbin]# start-dfs.sh

三、MapReduce与Yarn

1. 配置MapReduce

[hdfsuser01@hadoopHA01 hadoop]$ cat mapred-site.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
</configuration>
    <property>
	    <!-- 指定MapReduce运行在Yarn上 -->
        <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
        <value>yarn</value>
    </property>
    <property>
	    <!-- 指定mr的classpath -->
        <name>mapreduce.application.classpath</name>
        <value>$HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME/share/hadoop/mapreduce/*:$HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/*</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

<!-- 分发配置到其他节点-->
[hdfsuser01@hadoopHA01 hadoop]$ xsync mapred-site.xml

2. 配置yarn

[hdfsuser01@hadoopHA01 hadoop]$ cat yarn-site.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
<!-- Site specific YARN configuration properties -->
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
        <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.env-whitelist</name>
        <value>JAVA_HOME,HADOOP_COMMON_HOME,HADOOP_HDFS_HOME,HADOOP_CONF_DIR,CLASSPATH_PREPEND_DISTCACHE,HADOOP_YARN_HOME,HADOOP_HOME,PATH,LANG,TZ,HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME</value>
    </property>

    <property>
      <!-- 开启ha模式 -->
      <name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.enabled</name>
      <value>true</value>
    </property>

    <property>
      <!-- 集群名称,作为zk上RN抢锁的路径 -->
      <name>yarn.resourcemanager.cluster-id</name>
      <value>yarncluster</value>
    </property>

    <property>
      <!-- RM节点名称 -->
      <name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.rm-ids</name>
      <value>yarn03,yarn04</value>
    </property>

    <property>
      <!-- RM节点的主机名 -->
      <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.yarn03</name>
      <value>hadoopHA03</value>
    </property>
    <property>
      <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.yarn04</name>
      <value>hadoopHA04</value>
    </property>

    <property>
      <!-- RM前台访问地址 -->
      <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address.yarn03</name>
      <value>hadoopHA03:8088</value>
    </property>
    <property>
      <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address.yarn04</name>
      <value>hadoopHA04:8088</value>
    </property>

    <property>
      <!-- zk节点地址 -->
      <name>hadoop.zk.address</name>
      <value>hadoopHA02:2181,hadoopHA03:2181,hadoopHA04:2181</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

<!-- 分发配置到其他节点-->
[hdfsuser01@hadoopHA01 hadoop]$ xsync yarn-site.xml

3. 启动yarn

在hadoopHA01上执行:

[hdfsuser01@hadoopHA01 hadoop]$ start-yarn.sh
Starting resourcemanagers on [ hadoopHA03 hadoopHA04]
Starting nodemanagers

四、验证

1. 查看java进程

  • hadoopHA01:
[hdfsuser01@hadoopHA01 hadoop]$ jps | grep -v Jps
3105 DFSZKFailoverController
2763 NameNode
  • hadoopHA02:
[root@hadoopHA02 data]# jps | grep -v Jps
2802 DFSZKFailoverController
1443 QuorumPeerMain
2697 JournalNode
8410 NodeManager
2589 DataNode
2763 NameNode
  • hadoopHA03:

[root@hadoopHA03 ~]# jps | grep -v Jps
1440 QuorumPeerMain
1910 DataNode
7421 ResourceManager
2014 JournalNode
7502 NodeManager
  • hadoopHA04:
[root@hadoopHA04 ~]# jps | grep -v Jps
2005 JournalNode
7292 ResourceManager
1901 DataNode
7373 NodeManager
1439 QuorumPeerMain

2. hdfs与yarn前台页面

  • hadoopHA01:hdfs-nanenode
    在这里插入图片描述

  • hadoopHA02:hdfs-nanenode
    在这里插入图片描述

  • hadoopHA03:yarn-resourcemanager
    在这里插入图片描述

  • hadoopHA04:yarn-resourcemanager
    在这里插入图片描述

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