本文详细介绍了GHS（Green Hills Software）的ccrh850编译器的使用步骤，包括预处理、编译、汇编和链接，并通过具体例子展示了如何操作。同时，还探讨了ghs编译器生成的ELF文件结构，包括Elf header、Program header和Section header的内容，揭示了程序在内存中的布局和特性。
gcc编译器使用过程
- 预处理 gcc -E
- 编译 gcc -S
- 汇编 gcc -c
- 链接 gcc
gcc编译器使用例子
D:\>echo int main(int argc, char *argv[]){int a=0; a++; a--; a*=1;} > a.c
D:\>gcc -E a.c -o a.i
D:\>gcc -S a.i -o a.s
D:\>gcc -c a.s -o a.o
D:\>gcc a.o -o a.out
objdump反汇编ELF
objdump -S a.out
ghs ccrh850编译器使用过程
- 预处理 ccrh850 -E
- 编译 ccrh850 -S
- 汇编 ccrh850 -c
- 链接 ccrh850
ccrh850编译器使用例子
D:\>echo int main(int argc, char *argv[]){int a=0; a++; a--; a*=1;} > a.c
D:\>ccrh850 -E a.c -o a.i
D:\>ccrh850 -S a.i -o a.s
D:\>ccrh850 -c a.s -o a.o
D:\>ccrh850 a.o -o a.out
gdump反汇编ELF
gdump -ytext a.out
输出显示如下
Elf header
e_ident = 7f 45 4c 46 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
e_ident[EI_CLASS] = ELFCLASS32
e_ident[EI_DATA] = ELFDATA2LSB
e_ident[EI_VERSION] = 1
e_type = ET_EXEC
e_machine = V850E3V5
e_version = 1
e_entry = 0x1000
e_phoff = 0x34
e_shoff = 0x2be0
e_flags = 0xf0109940 (REGMODE32,GP_FIX,TP_FIX,EP_NONFIX,REG2_NONRESERVE)
e_ehsize = 52
e_phentsize = 32
e_phnum = 8
e_shentsize = 40
e_shnum = 40
e_shstrndx = 39Program header #0
p_type = PT_LOAD
p_offset = 0x0
p_vaddr = 0xfff00000
p_paddr = 0x0
p_filesz = 0x0
p_memsz = 0xf7f00
p_flags = 0x4007 (Execute, Write, Read, Absolute)
p_align = 0x0Program header #1
p_type = PT_LOAD
p_offset = 0x140
p_vaddr = 0x1000
p_paddr = 0x0
p_filesz = 0x874
p_memsz = 0x874
p_flags = 0x5 (Execute, Read)
p_align = 0x10Program header #2
p_type = PT_LOAD
p_offset = 0x9b4
p_vaddr = 0x1874
p_paddr = 0x0
p_filesz = 0x6
p_memsz = 0x6
p_flags = 0x5 (Execute, Read)
p_align = 0x4Program header #3
p_type = PT_LOAD
p_offset = 0x9bc
p_vaddr = 0x187c
p_paddr = 0x0
p_filesz = 0x54
p_memsz = 0x54
p_flags = 0x5 (Execute, Read)
p_align = 0x4Program header #4
p_type = PT_LOAD
p_offset = 0xa10
p_vaddr = 0x18d0
p_paddr = 0x0
p_filesz = 0x1
p_memsz = 0x1
p_flags = 0x5 (Execute, Read)
p_align = 0x0Program header #5
p_type = PT_LOAD
p_offset = 0x0
p_vaddr = 0x300000
p_paddr = 0x0
p_filesz = 0x0
p_memsz = 0x1
p_flags = 0x7 (Execute, Write, Read)
p_align = 0x0Program header #6
p_type = PT_LOAD
p_offset = 0x0
p_vaddr = 0x300010
p_paddr = 0x0
p_filesz = 0x0
p_memsz = 0xc
p_flags = 0x7 (Execute, Write, Read)
p_align = 0x4Program header #7
p_type = PT_LOAD
p_offset = 0x0
p_vaddr = 0x300020
p_paddr = 0x0
p_filesz = 0x0
p_memsz = 0x100000
p_flags = 0x7 (Execute, Write, Read)
p_align = 0x10Section header #0
sh_name = <NULL>
sh_type = SHT_NULL
sh_flags = 0x0 (no flags)
sh_addr = 0x0
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 0
sh_entsize = 0Section header #1
sh_name = .stack
sh_type = SHT_NOBITS
sh_flags = 0x403 (Alloc, Write, Absolute (GHS extension))
sh_addr = 0xfff00000
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0xf7f00
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 0
sh_entsize = 0Section header #2
sh_name = .tdata
sh_type = SHT_NULL
sh_flags = 0x402 (Alloc, Absolute (GHS extension))
sh_addr = 0xffff7f00
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 0
sh_entsize = 0Section header #3
sh_name = .zdata
sh_type = SHT_NULL
sh_flags = 0x402 (Alloc, Absolute (GHS extension))
sh_addr = 0xffff8000
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 0
sh_entsize = 0Section header #4
sh_name = .zbss
sh_type = SHT_NULL
sh_flags = 0x403 (Alloc, Write, Absolute (GHS extension))
sh_addr = 0xffff8000
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 0
sh_entsize = 0Section header #5
sh_name = .rozdata
sh_type = SHT_NULL
sh_flags = 0x402 (Alloc, Absolute (GHS extension))
sh_addr = 0x1000
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 0
sh_entsize = 0Section header #6
sh_name = .robase
sh_type = SHT_NULL
sh_flags = 0x2 (Alloc)
sh_addr = 0x1000
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 16
sh_entsize = 0Section header #7
sh_name = .rosda_start
sh_type = SHT_NULL
sh_flags = 0x2 (Alloc)
sh_addr = 0x1000
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 0
sh_entsize = 0Section header #8
sh_name = .rosdata
sh_type = SHT_NULL
sh_flags = 0x2 (Alloc)
sh_addr = 0x1000
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 0
sh_entsize = 0Section header #9
sh_name = .rosda_end
sh_type = SHT_NULL
sh_flags = 0x2 (Alloc)
sh_addr = 0x1000
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 0
sh_entsize = 0Section header #10
sh_name = .rodata
sh_type = SHT_NULL
sh_flags = 0x2 (Alloc)
sh_addr = 0x1000
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 0
sh_entsize = 0Section header #11
sh_name = .callt
sh_type = SHT_NULL
sh_flags = 0x2 (Alloc)
sh_addr = 0x1000
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 0
sh_entsize = 0Section header #12
sh_name = .text
sh_type = SHT_PROGBITS
sh_flags = 0x6 (Execinstr, Alloc)
sh_addr = 0x1000
sh_offset = 0x140
sh_size = 0x874
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 16
sh_entsize = 0Section header #13
sh_name = .syscall
sh_type = SHT_PROGBITS
sh_flags = 0x6 (Execinstr, Alloc)
sh_addr = 0x1874
sh_offset = 0x9b4
sh_size = 0x6
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 4
sh_entsize = 0Section header #14
sh_name = .secinfo
sh_type = SHT_PROGBITS
sh_flags = 0x2 (Alloc)
sh_addr = 0x187c
sh_offset = 0x9bc
sh_size = 0x54
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 4
sh_entsize = 0Section header #15
sh_name = .fixaddr
sh_type = SHT_NULL
sh_flags = 0x2 (Alloc)
sh_addr = 0x18d0
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 0
sh_entsize = 0Section header #16
sh_name = .fixtype
sh_type = SHT_NULL
sh_flags = 0x2 (Alloc)
sh_addr = 0x18d0
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 0
sh_entsize = 0Section header #17
sh_name = .ROM.data
sh_type = SHT_PROGBITS
sh_flags = 0x2 (Alloc)
sh_addr = 0x18d0
sh_offset = 0xa10
sh_size = 0x1
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 1
sh_entsize = 0Section header #18
sh_name = .ROM.tls.cond.data
sh_type = SHT_NULL
sh_flags = 0x2 (Alloc)
sh_addr = 0x18d1
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 0
sh_entsize = 0Section header #19
sh_name = .ROM.sdata
sh_type = SHT_NULL
sh_flags = 0x2 (Alloc)
sh_addr = 0x18d1
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 0
sh_entsize = 0Section header #20
sh_name = .data
sh_type = SHT_NOBITS
sh_flags = 0x3 (Alloc, Write)
sh_addr = 0x300000
sh_offset = 0xa10
sh_size = 0x1
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 1
sh_entsize = 0Section header #21
sh_name = .tls.cond.data
sh_type = SHT_NOBITS
sh_flags = 0x2 (Alloc)
sh_addr = 0x300001
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 0
sh_entsize = 0Section header #22
sh_name = .sda_start
sh_type = SHT_NULL
sh_flags = 0x2 (Alloc)
sh_addr = 0x300010
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 16
sh_entsize = 0Section header #23
sh_name = .sdata
sh_type = SHT_NOBITS
sh_flags = 0x2 (Alloc)
sh_addr = 0x300010
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 0
sh_entsize = 0Section header #24
sh_name = .sbss
sh_type = SHT_NULL
sh_flags = 0x3 (Alloc, Write)
sh_addr = 0x300010
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 0
sh_entsize = 0Section header #25
sh_name = .sda_end
sh_type = SHT_NULL
sh_flags = 0x2 (Alloc)
sh_addr = 0x300010
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 0
sh_entsize = 0Section header #26
sh_name = .bss
sh_type = SHT_NOBITS
sh_flags = 0x3 (Alloc, Write)
sh_addr = 0x300010
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0xc
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 4
sh_entsize = 0Section header #27
sh_name = .tls.cond.bss
sh_type = SHT_NULL
sh_flags = 0x2 (Alloc)
sh_addr = 0x30001c
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 0
sh_entsize = 0Section header #28
sh_name = .heap
sh_type = SHT_NOBITS
sh_flags = 0x3 (Alloc, Write)
sh_addr = 0x300020
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x100000
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 16
sh_entsize = 0Section header #29
sh_name = /DISCARD/
sh_type = SHT_PROGBITS
sh_flags = 0x0 (no flags)
sh_addr = 0x0
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 0
sh_entsize = 0Section header #30
sh_name = .ghrettbl
sh_type = SHT_PROGBITS
sh_flags = 0x0 (no flags)
sh_addr = 0x0
sh_offset = 0xa14
sh_size = 0x50
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 4
sh_entsize = 0Section header #31
sh_name = .ghcalltbl
sh_type = SHT_PROGBITS
sh_flags = 0x0 (no flags)
sh_addr = 0x0
sh_offset = 0xa64
sh_size = 0x84
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 4
sh_entsize = 0Section header #32
sh_name = .ghtailcalltbl
sh_type = SHT_PROGBITS
sh_flags = 0x0 (no flags)
sh_addr = 0x0
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 4
sh_entsize = 0Section header #33
sh_name = .note.renesas
sh_type = SHT_NOTE
sh_flags = 0x0 (no flags)
sh_addr = 0x0
sh_offset = 0xae8
sh_size = 0x3c
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 4
sh_entsize = 0Section header #34
sh_name = .linfix
sh_type = SHT_PROGBITS
sh_flags = 0x0 (no flags)
sh_addr = 0x0
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 4
sh_entsize = 0Section header #35
sh_name = .gstackfix
sh_type = SHT_PROGBITS
sh_flags = 0x0 (no flags)
sh_addr = 0x0
sh_offset = 0x0
sh_size = 0x0
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 4
sh_entsize = 0Section header #36
sh_name = .rominfo
sh_type = SHT_PROGBITS
sh_flags = 0x0 (no flags)
sh_addr = 0x0
sh_offset = 0xb24
sh_size = 0x1b
sh_link = 0x0
sh_info = 0x0
sh_addralign = 0
sh_entsize = 0Section header #37
sh_name = .symtab
sh_type = SHT_SYMTAB
sh_flags = 0x0 (no flags)
sh_addr = 0x0
sh_offset = 0xb40
sh_size = 0xbf0
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