第十八章、groovy并发编程

1、并发

1.1、并发不是并行

• 并发本质也是一个一个处理，只是快速切换
• 并行，同时多核CPU同时运行，互不干扰

1.2、groovy并发

线程控制需要处理事情

• 启动和停止并发任务
• 协调并发任务
• 控制获取共享变量

需要引入外部包（GPars）

@Grab('org.codehaus.gpars:gpars:1.2.1')

2、并发集合处理

• @Grab('org.codehaus.gpars:gpars:1.2.1')
  import static  groovyx.gpars.GParsPool.withPool
  
  def numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
  
  def squares = [1, 4, 9,16, 25, 36]
  
  // 括号里面线程数量10
  withPool(10){
      assert squares == numbers.collectParallel {it * it}
  }
  
  

2.1透明并发集合

3、使用map、filter、reduce更加有效

@Grab('org.codehaus.gpars:gpars:1.2.1')
import static  groovyx.gpars.GParsPool.withPool

withPool {
    assert 55 == [0, 1, 2, 3, 4].parallel
            //每个元素加一，平方之和
            .map{it + 1}
            .map{it **2}
            .reduce{a,b -> a+b}

}

4、数据流task协调

• import groovyx.gpars.dataflow.Dataflow
  import groovyx.gpars.dataflow.Dataflows
  
  /**
   * @author liangchen* @date 2020/12/18
   */
  @Grab('org.codehaus.gpars:gpars:1.2.1')
  
  // 三个任务，一个任务是要算计一个值， 但是缺少 x， y值， 直到另外两个线程赋值 x,y
  final flow = new Dataflows();
  Dataflow.task {flow.result= flow.x + flow.y}
  Dataflow.task { flow.x = 10 }
  Dataflow.task { flow.y = 5 }
  // 满足即可出结果，忽略下列的值
  Dataflow.task {flow.x=100}
  assert 15 == flow.result
  
  
  
  

4.1、测试死锁

• import groovyx.gpars.dataflow.Dataflow
  import groovyx.gpars.dataflow.Dataflows
  
  /**
   * @author liangchen* @date 2020/12/18
   */
  @Grab('org.codehaus.gpars:gpars:1.2.1')
  //
  def flow = new Dataflows()
  Dataflow.task { flow.x = flow.y }
  Dataflow.task{flow.y = flow.x}
  
  
  

4.2、Dataflow 连续数据类型

• import groovyx.gpars.dataflow.Dataflow
  import groovyx.gpars.dataflow.DataflowQueue
  
  /**
   * @author liangchen* @date 2020/12/18
   */
  
  @Grab('org.codehaus.gpars:gpars:1.2.1')
  def chances  = new DataflowQueue()
  def amounts = new DataflowQueue()
  def payouts = new DataflowQueue()
  
  // 定义输入流和输出流，然后进行具体输入
  Dataflow.operator(inputs : [chances, amounts], outputs:[payouts],
          {chance, amount -> payouts << chance * amount})
  Dataflow.task {[0,1,0.2, 0.3].each {chances << it}}
  Dataflow.task {[300, 200, 100].each {amounts << it}}
  
  [30,40,30].each {assert  it == payouts.val}
  

5、显示task协调

• import groovyx.gpars.actor.Actors
  
  /**
   * @author liangchen* @date 2020/12/18
   */
  // 是不是reactor模型？
  def decrypt = Actors.reactor { code -> code.reverse() }
  
  def audit = Actors.reactor {println it}
  
  def main = Actors.actor{
      decrypt 'terces pot'
      Actors.reactor {
          plainText -> audit plainText
      }
  }
  main.join()
  audit.stop()
  audit.join()
  

5.1、Groovy的力量

def manual = Actors.reactor { message ->
    switch (message) {
        case Number: reply 'number'; break
        case String: reply 'string'; break
    }

}

def auto = Actors.messageHandler {
    when{String message -> reply 'string'}
    when{Number message -> reply 'number'}
}

6、协调task代理

• /**
   * @author liangchen* @date 2020/12/18
   */
  // 只能代理能够修改原类的方法， 起到保护的作用
  def guard = new Agent<String>()
  guard{updateValue('GPars')}
  
  guard { updateValue(it + ' is groovy!') }
  assert "GPars is groovy!" == guard.val
  
  

7、并发实践

package com.jack.groovy.ch18

import groovyx.gpars.GParsPool
import groovyx.gpars.dataflow.Dataflow
import groovyx.gpars.dataflow.Dataflows

/**
 * @author liangchen* @date 2020/12/18
 */
//Date,      Open,  High,  Low,   Close, Volume,  Adj Close
//
//2009-12-01,202.24,213.95,188.68,210.73,19068700,210.73
class YahooService{
    static getYearEndClosingUnsafe(String ticker, int year) {
        def url = "http://real-chart.finance.yahoo.com/table.csv?" +

                "s=$ticker&a=11&b=1&c=$year&d=11&e=31&f=$year&g=d&ignore=.csv"
        def data = url.toURL().text
        return data.split("\n")[1].split(",")[4].toFloat()
    }

    static getYearEndClosing(String ticker, int year) {
        try {
            getYearEndClosing(ticker, year)
        } catch (all) {
            println "Could not get $ticker, returning -1. $all"
            return -1
        }
    }
}
def tickers = ['AAPL', 'GOOG', 'IBM','ORCL', 'MSFT']
def top = tickers.collect {[ticker:it, price : YahooService.getYearEndClosing(it, 2014)]}
.max{it.price}
assert  top == [ticker:'GOOG', price: 526.4f]

// 使用fork/join
GParsPool.withPool {
    def topFork = tickers.makeConcurrent()
    .collect { [ticker: it, price: YahooService.getYearEndClosing(it, 2014)] }
    .max{ it.price}
    assert  topFork == [ticker:'GOOG', price:526.4f]
}

//使用map/filter/reduce
GParsPool.withPool {
    def topFilter = tickers.parallel
        .map{[ticker: it, price:YahooService.getYearEndClosing(it, 2014)]}
        .max{it.price}
    assert topFilter == [ticker:'GOOG', price:526.4f]
}
// 使用Dataflows

def price = new Dataflows()
tickers.each {ticker ->
    Dataflow.task {price[ticker] = YahooService.getYearEndClosing(ticker, 2014)}
}
topFlow = tickers.max { price[it] }
assert topFlow == 'GOOG' && price[topFlow] == 526.4f

8、总结

• 看有点云里雾里