Spring Bean 自动装配

1.Spring Bean装配的方式

1.1.Spring有显式Java配置装配

1.2.Spring有显式的xml配置装配

1.3.Spring自动装配(主要涉及的)

2.基于Java配置自动装配

     2.1.唱片接口：

package com.jack.bean.chatpter2.autowiredBeanJava;

public interface CompactDisc {

	void play();
}

2.2.创建一个歌手：

package com.jack.bean.chatpter2.autowiredBeanJava;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component//（注意这里注解）
public class MrXue implements CompactDisc {

	Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MrXue.class);
	private String player="薛之谦";
	private String music = "暧昧";
	public void play() {
		logger.info("歌手为：" + player + "    曲目： " + music);
		
	}

}

2.3.配置Java配置文件类，启动自动扫描注解

package com.jack.bean.chatpter2;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import com.jack.bean.chatpter2.autowiredBeanJava.MrXue;

@Configuration   //表示是一个配置类

@ComponentScan  //方式1：如果没有参数表示该配置类下所在包，及以下包下扫描
//方式2：表示基于某个包下注意是全路径。也就是classPath,可以写多个包名以逗号隔开


//@ComponentScan(basePackages={"com.jack.bean.chatpter2.autowiredBeanJava","com.jack"}) 

//方式3：表示具体某个类所在包下其及子包下进行@Component注解扫描
//@ComponentScan(basePackageClasses={MrXue.class})
public class CompactDiscConfig {

}
2.4测试
package com.jack.bean.chatpter2;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import com.jack.bean.chatpter2.autowiredBeanJava.CompactDisc;

//在运行前自动装配bean
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
//对应配置的java类
@ContextConfiguration(classes=CompactDiscConfig.class)
public class CompactDiscTest {

	@Autowired
	//当有多个候选者的时候需要指定名称，不写一般是类名第一个字母小写
	@Qualifier("mrXue")
	private CompactDisc cd;
	
	@Test
	public void cdShouldNotBeNull(){
		//断言是否为null
		assertNotNull(cd);
		cd.play();
		
	}
}


2.5.效果






3.基于xml配置
  3.1.配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
	xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:ehcache="http://www.springmodules.org/schema/ehcache"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.1.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd
		http://www.springmodules.org/schema/ehcache http://www.springmodules.org/schema/cache/springmodules-ehcache.xsd">
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.jack.bean.chatpter2.autowiredBeanJava"></context:component-scan>
	
</beans>
3.2.测试类
package com.jack.bean.chatpter2;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.jack.bean.chatpter2.autowiredBeanJava.CompactDisc;

public class AutoAnnatationXmlTest {
 
	Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AutoAnnatationXmlTest.class);
	//这里使用注解是有问题的，cd为null，原因是在没有执行加载xml配置之前就进行注入
	/*@Autowired
	//当有多个候选者的时候需要指定名称，不写一般是类名第一个字母小写
	@Qualifier("mrXue")
	private CompactDisc cd;*/
	@Test
	public void test(){
		ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("/spring/chapter2/autoAnnatation.xml");
		logger.info("=========================================================================");
		CompactDisc compact = (CompactDisc) context.getBean("mrXue");
		compact.play();
	}
}





3.3.效果