python十四:全局变量(global)与局部变量与上一级变量(nonlocal)

# 全局变量
name = "关羽"
print(name)

def globalVar():
    global name # global 可以引用上面声明的name
    name = "张飞"
    print(name,"  ")

globalVar()
print(name) # name已经被改变

name = ["刘备","曹操"]  # 全局变量name是可变变量-列表
print(name)

def globalVar():
    name.append("孙权") # 修改的是全局变量的值,因为这里的全局变量name是可变变量-列表
    print(name,"  ")

globalVar()
print(name) # name已经被改变

# 为了减少不必要的错误
# 全局变量最好都用大写
# 局部变量都用小写

# 以下为错误示例
name = ["刘备","曹操"]
print(name)

def globalVar():
    name = "刘表"
    global name    # 有两个name,这样解释器不知道该找哪个name
    print(name,"  ")

globalVar()
print(name) # name已经被改变

# 函数之间可以嵌套
def liubei():
    name="刘备"
    print(name)
    def guanyu():
        name="关羽"

        def zhangfei():
            nonlocal  name # nonlocal 指定上一级变量
            name="张飞"
            print(name)

        zhangfei()
        print(name)
    guanyu()
    print(name)

liubei()