4.求两个有序数组的中位数

4. Median of Two Sorted Arrays（求两个有序数组的中位数）

题目描述：

There are two sorted arrays nums1 and nums2 of size m and n respectively.

Find the median of the two sorted arrays. The overall run time complexity should be O(log (m+n)).
Example 1:

nums1 = [1, 3]
nums2 = [2]

The median is 2.0
Example 2:

nums1 = [1, 2]
nums2 = [3, 4]

The median is (2 + 3)/2 = 2.5

知识补充

1.vector类的使用

vector可以看做一个类，当我们不确定数组的大小时，vector可以看做动态的数组。

vector初始化

vector <int> a；//大小没有定义，可以动态的添加删除
vector <int> b(10);//初始化含有10个初始值为0的vector
vector <int> c(10,1);//初始化含有10个初始值为1的vector
vector <string> d;//也可以初始化字符串型数组
int arr1[]={0,5,7,8,13}；
vector< int > nums1(arr1,arr1+5);

输出vector中的元素

    vector<int>::iterator it;//it为迭代器
    for( it=arr1.begin();it!=arr1.end();++it)
    {
        cout<<*it<<" ";//注意it前有个*号
    }

将两个vector合并为一个

    vector< int > nums3;
    nums3.insert(nums1.end(),nums2.begin(),nums2.end());

测试代码

class Solution {
public:
    double findMedianSortedArrays(vector<int>& nums1, vector<int>& nums2) {
        vector< int > nums3;
        nums3.insert(nums3.end(),nums1.begin(),nums1.end());
        nums3.insert(nums3.end(),nums2.begin(),nums2.end());//把两个数组组合成新数组

        std::sort (nums3.begin(), nums3.end());//对数组进行排序


        float media = 0.0;
        int pos = nums3.size();
        if(pos%2==0){
            media = static_cast<float>((nums3[pos/2]+nums3[(pos/2)-1]))/2;//如果长度为偶数取两数平均值
        }else {
            media = nums3[pos/2];//奇数则取中间的数
        }
        return media;
    }

};

性能

参考答案

class Solution {
public:
    double findMedianSortedArrays(vector<int>& nums1, vector<int>& nums2) {
        int N1 = nums1.size();
    int N2 = nums2.size();
    if (N1 < N2) return findMedianSortedArrays(nums2, nums1);   // Make sure A2 is the shorter one.

    if (N2 == 0) return ((double)nums1[(N1-1)/2] + (double)nums1[N1/2])/2;  // If A2 is empty

    int lo = 0, hi = N2 * 2;
    while (lo <= hi) {
        int mid2 = (lo + hi) / 2;   // Try Cut 2 
        int mid1 = N1 + N2 - mid2;  // Calculate Cut 1 accordingly

        double L1 = (mid1 == 0) ? INT_MIN : nums1[(mid1-1)/2];  // Get L1, R1, L2, R2 respectively
        double L2 = (mid2 == 0) ? INT_MIN : nums2[(mid2-1)/2];
        double R1 = (mid1 == N1 * 2) ? INT_MAX : nums1[(mid1)/2];
        double R2 = (mid2 == N2 * 2) ? INT_MAX : nums2[(mid2)/2];

        if (L1 > R2) lo = mid2 + 1;     // A1's lower half is too big; need to move C1 left (C2 right)
        else if (L2 > R1) hi = mid2 - 1;    // A2's lower half too big; need to move C2 left.
        else return (max(L1,L2) + min(R1, R2)) / 2; // Otherwise, that's the right cut.
    }
    return -1;
    }

};

性能