自制HTTPS证书

1、生成私钥

[root@localhost cert]# openssl genrsa -des3 -out server.key 2048

Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus (2 primes)
...................................+++++
..............+++++
e is 65537 (0x010001)
Enter pass phrase for server.key:
Verifying - Enter pass phrase for server.key:
#提示输入私钥密码，两次输入一致即可
[root@localhost cert]# ll
总用量 4
-rw------- 1 root root 1751 9月  10 22:26 server.key

2、生成证书请求

[root@localhost cert]# openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr

Enter pass phrase for server.key:     #输入上面的私钥密码
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:CN     #国家名
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:JS    #省名
Locality Name (eg, city) []:NJ           #城市名
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:test   #组织名
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:test                    #机构名
Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:www.test.com       #域名
Email Address []:1255109811@qq.com       #邮箱名

Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:              #是否需要改变密码（不需要直接enter）
An optional company name []:          #公司名称（不需要直接enter）

[root@localhost cert]# ll
总用量 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1033 9月  10 22:36 server.csr
-rw------- 1 root root 1751 9月  10 22:26 server.key

3、备份私钥

[root@localhost cert]# cp server.key  server.key.org
[root@localhost cert]# ll
总用量 12
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1033 9月  10 22:36 server.csr
-rw------- 1 root root 1751 9月  10 22:26 server.key
-rw------- 1 root root 1751 9月  10 22:44 server.key.org

4、退掉私钥的密码

#在第1步创建私钥的过程中，由于必须要指定一个密码。而这个密码会带来一个副作用，那就是在每次启动Web服务时，都会要求输入密码，这显然非常不方便。
[root@localhost cert]# openssl rsa -in server.key.org -out server.key

Enter pass phrase for server.key.org:  #输入上面私钥的密码
writing RSA key
[root@localhost cert]# ll
总用量 12
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1033 9月  10 22:36 server.csr
-rw------- 1 root root 1679 9月  10 22:50 server.key
-rw------- 1 root root 1751 9月  10 22:44 server.key.org

5、使用秘钥和CSR正式进行签名

[root@localhost cert]# openssl x509 -req -days 365 -in server.csr -signkey server.key -out server.crt

Signature ok
subject=C = CN, ST = JS, L = NJ, O = test, OU = test, CN = www.test.com, emailAddress = 1255109811@qq.com
Getting Private key
[root@localhost cert]# ll
总用量 16
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1277 9月  10 22:53 server.crt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1033 9月  10 22:36 server.csr
-rw------- 1 root root 1679 9月  10 22:50 server.key
-rw------- 1 root root 1751 9月  10 22:44 server.key.org

6、加权限

[root@localhost cert]# chmod a+x *
[root@localhost cert]# ll
总用量 16
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1277 9月  10 22:53 server.crt
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1033 9月  10 22:36 server.csr
-rwx--x--x 1 root root 1679 9月  10 22:50 server.key
-rwx--x--x 1 root root 1751 9月  10 22:44 server.key.org