观察者模式

观察者模式：
观察者订阅事件源，当事件源状态发生改变时，自动通知订阅的观察者，并触发观察者预定动作。

事件源：

package com.example.multithread.pattern;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 事件源
 */
public class Subject {

    int state;

    List<Observer> observerList = new ArrayList<>();

    public void attach(Observer observer){
        observerList.add(observer);
    }

    public void detach(Observer observer){
        observerList.add(observer);
    }

    public void notifyAllObserver(int state){
        observerList.stream().forEach(i->i.update());
    }

    public int getState() {
        return state;
    }


    public void setState(int state) {
        if(this.state == state){
            return;
        }
        this.state = state;
        notifyAllObserver(state);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //事件源
        Subject subject = new Subject();
        //观察者
        new BinaryObserverClient(subject);
        new OctalObserverClient(subject);
        //事件源状态发生改变
        System.out.println("==============state = 1");
        subject.setState(1);
        System.out.println("==============state = 2");
        subject.setState(2);
        //事件源状态未发生改变，不会触发观察者的动作
        System.out.println("==============state = 2");
        subject.setState(2);
        System.out.println("==============state = 4");
        subject.setState(4);
    }
}

观察者抽象：

package com.example.multithread.pattern;

/**
 * 观察者抽象
 */
public abstract class Observer {

    /**
     * 事件源
     */
    protected Subject subject;

    /**
     * 事件源发生改变后，观察者的动作
     */
    public abstract void update();

}

具体观察者：

package com.example.multithread.pattern;

/**
 * 具体的观察者client
 */
public class BinaryObserverClient extends Observer{

    public BinaryObserverClient(Subject subject){
        this.subject = subject;
        subject.attach(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void update() {
        System.out.println("now binary state is "+Integer.toBinaryString(subject.state));
    }
}

package com.example.multithread.pattern;

/**
 * 具体的观察者client
 */
public class OctalObserverClient extends Observer{

    public OctalObserverClient(Subject subject){
        subject.attach(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void update() {
        System.out.println("now octal state is "+Integer.toOctalString(subject.state));
    }
}

输出结果如下，可以看到事件源状态发生改变时，自动通知触发了订阅的观察者预定动作。

==============state = 1
now binary state is 1
now octal state is 1

==============state = 2
now binary state is 10
now octal state is 2

==============state = 2

==============state = 4
now binary state is 100
now octal state is 4