SpringMVC笔记5---模板渲染

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-20 21:27:13 发布

gongmin123456789

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-20 21:27:13 发布

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分类专栏： SpringMVC 文章标签：模板渲染

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_37825799/article/details/78950141

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之前的几篇有关SpringMVC的文章中，处理函数返回值都是被直接送到浏览器并显示给用户，很多时候，为了能够呈现更加丰富的页面，需要将HTML代码返回给浏览器，一种简单的处理方法是在处理方法中直接返回HTML代码，但是这样做的缺点是：HTML代码嵌入在JAVA代码中，是的非常难以维护。更好的做法是将页面HTML代码写在模板文件中，渲染后（所谓的渲染实际上是将一些需要现实的数据插入到这个模板HTML文件中）再返回给用户。为了能够进行模板渲染，需要将@RestController改成@Controller。

1 使用@Controller对类进行注解，修改IndexController类如下：

package com.gm.springmvc_test.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class IndexController {
	@RequestMapping(value = "/index/{name}")
	public String indexController(@PathVariable("name") String name, Model model) {
		model.addAttribute("name", name);
		return "index";
	}
}

2 在src/main/resources/templates目录下创建index.html，内容如下：

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <title>Getting Started: Serving Web Content</title>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
</head>
<body>
    <p th:text="'Hello, ' + ${name} + '!'" />
</body>
</html>

注意：src/main/resources/templates目录是Spring默认的模板文件夹。

3 运行程序，在浏览器中输入localhost:8080/index/gongmin，此时浏览器提示：

Whitelabel Error Page
This application has no explicit mapping for /error, so you are seeing this as a fallback.

Tue Jan 02 11:25:29 CST 2018
There was an unexpected error (type=Internal Server Error, status=500).
Circular view path [index]: would dispatch back to the current handler URL [/index/index] again. Check your ViewResolver setup! (Hint: This may be the result of an unspecified view, due to default view name generation.)

同时Eclipse的Console窗口提示如下：

javax.servlet.ServletException: Circular view path [index]: would dispatch back to the current handler URL [/index/index] again. Check your ViewResolver setup! (Hint: This may be the result of an unspecified view, due to default view name generation.)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView.prepareForRendering(InternalResourceView.java:205)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView.renderMergedOutputModel(InternalResourceView.java:145)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:303)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1244)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1027)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:971)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:893)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:967)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:858)
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:622)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:843)
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:291)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:101)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:101)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.invoke(ApplicationDispatcher.java:721)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.processRequest(ApplicationDispatcher.java:466)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.doForward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:391)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.forward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:318)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView.renderMergedOutputModel(InternalResourceView.java:168)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:303)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1244)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1027)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:971)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:893)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:967)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:858)
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:622)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:843)
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:291)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:77)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:85)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:219)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:106)
	at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:142)
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:88)
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:518)
	at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1091)
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:668)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1521)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1478)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)

2018-01-02 11:25:29.210 ERROR 8100 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[.[.[/].[dispatcherServlet]    : Servlet.service() for servlet [dispatcherServlet] in context with path [] threw exception [Circular view path [index]: would dispatch back to the current handler URL [/index/index] again. Check your ViewResolver setup! (Hint: This may be the result of an unspecified view, due to default view name generation.)] with root cause

javax.servlet.ServletException: Circular view path [index]: would dispatch back to the current handler URL [/index/index] again. Check your ViewResolver setup! (Hint: This may be the result of an unspecified view, due to default view name generation.)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView.prepareForRendering(InternalResourceView.java:205)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView.renderMergedOutputModel(InternalResourceView.java:145)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:303)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1244)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1027)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:971)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:893)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:967)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:858)
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:622)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:843)
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:291)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:101)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:101)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.invoke(ApplicationDispatcher.java:721)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.processRequest(ApplicationDispatcher.java:466)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.doForward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:391)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.forward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:318)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView.renderMergedOutputModel(InternalResourceView.java:168)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:303)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1244)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1027)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:971)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:893)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:967)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:858)
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:622)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:843)
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:291)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:77)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:85)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:219)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:106)
	at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:142)
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:88)
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:518)
	at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1091)
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:668)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1521)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1478)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)

出现这种情况的原因是pom.xml文件中没有添加对Thymeleaf模板引擎的依赖。

4 在pom.xml中添加对Thymeleaf模板引擎的依赖，修改后的pom.xml文件内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.tianmaying</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-web-demo</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>spring-web-demo</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring WebMvc</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.2.5.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath />
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>

5 再次运行程序，在浏览器中输入localhost:8080/index/gongmin，得到正确结果，浏览器中显示