RabbitMQ是一个消息代理,它负责接收和转发消息。
RabbitMQ用于接收、存储和转发二进制数据块。
下面给出RabbitMQ中几个重要的概念:
①队列:(queue)
那队列有什么用呢?
尽管消息流经RabbitMQ和我们的应用程序,但是这些消息只能存储在队列中,这就是队列的作用。
一个队列只受主机内存和磁盘限制的约束,它本质上是一个很大的消息缓冲区。
多个生产者可以把消息发送到一个队列中,并且多个消费者也可以尝试从一个队列中接收数据。
②生产者:(Producer)
发送消息到消息代理(消息代理即我们的RabbitMQ)
③消费者(Consumer)
从消息代理中接收消息
下面给出代码示例:
我这里使用的是spring-boot 2.0.2.RELEASE版本
其实在其中只需要给出如下依赖即可:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
下面给出完整代码(切记:要首先运行rabbitMQ。)
我这里运行RbbitMQ是在docker中运行的。
下载好docker 后,我这里是window10 专业版下的docker。
直接打开dos,键入如下命令:(命令行看不懂的,去网上查一下)
docker run -d --hostname myrabbitmq -p 5672:5672 -p 15672:15672 rabbitmq:3.7.3-management
pom文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>cn.lframe</groupId>
<artifactId>amqp</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>amqp</name>
<description>study amqp</description>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--<dependency>-->
<!--<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>-->
<!--<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-activemq</artifactId>-->
<!--</dependency>-->
<!---->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--在amqp中已经添加了。-->
<!--<dependency>-->
<!--<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>-->
<!--<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>-->
<!--</dependency>-->
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
发送消息者:
package cn.lframe.amqp.rabbitmq.hello_word.java_version;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
/**
* @author Lframe
* @create2018 -05 -15 -14:14
*/
@Slf4j
public class Send {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "hello";
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("localhost");
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
String message = "Hello Lframe";
channel.basicPublish("",QUEUE_NAME,null,message.getBytes());
log.info("【生产者】 send {}",message);
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
}
接收消息的:
package cn.lframe.amqp.rabbitmq.hello_word.java_version;
import com.rabbitmq.client.*;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
/**
* @author Lframe
* @create2018 -05 -15 -14:35
*/
@Slf4j
public class Recv {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "hello";
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("localhost");
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
log.info(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C");
Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
@Override
public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
String message = new String(body, "UTF-8");
log.info("【消费者】received {}", message);
}
};
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
}
}