朴素贝叶斯——垃圾邮件过滤
描述:
有50封邮件,其中垃圾邮件25封,有用邮件25封,垃圾邮件类别记为1,有用邮件类别记为0,现在需要过滤邮件。
实验思路:
- 首先,处理下邮件的形式,文本处理成向量
- 然后,随机将邮件分成训练集和测试集,比例4:1
- 训练集拿出来训练,得到两个类别的概率分布
- 测试集拿出来测试,概率带进来计算类别,并计算错误率
# 输入字符串,输出单词列表
def textParse(bigString): # input is big string, output is word list
import re
listOfTokens = re.split(r'\W*', bigString)
return [tok.lower() for tok in listOfTokens if len(tok) > 2]
# 每次随机选40篇训练,10篇测试
def spamTest():
docList = []
classList = []
fullText = []
for i in range(1, 26):
wordList = textParse(open('email/spam/%d.txt' % i).read())
docList.append(wordList)
fullText.extend(wordList)
classList.append(1)
wordList = textParse(open('email/ham/%d.txt' % i).read())
docList.append(wordList)
fullText.extend(wordList)
classList.append(0)
vocabList = createVocabList(docList) # create vocabulary
trainingSet = list(range(50))
# print(trainingSet)
testSet = [] # create test set
# 随机选10个测试样本,40个训练样本
for i in range(10):
randIndex = int(random.uniform(0, len(trainingSet)))
testSet.append(trainingSet[randIndex])
del (trainingSet[randIndex])
# print(testSet)
# print(trainingSet)
# 训练40个邮件,得到概率分布
trainMat = []
trainClasses = []
for docIndex in trainingSet: # train the classifier (get probs) trainNB0
trainMat.append(bagOfWords2VecMN(vocabList, docList[docIndex]))
trainClasses.append(classList[docIndex])
# print(trainMat)
# print(trainClasses)
p0V, p1V, pSpam = trainNB0(array(trainMat), array(trainClasses))
errorCount = 0
# 将训练得到的概率代入测试中,计算错误率
for docIndex in testSet: # classify the remaining items
wordVector = bagOfWords2VecMN(vocabList, docList[docIndex])
if classifyNB(array(wordVector), p0V, p1V, pSpam) != classList[docIndex]:
errorCount += 1
print("classification error", docList[docIndex])
print('the error rate is: ', float(errorCount) / len(testSet))
# return vocabList,fullText