抽象工厂模式

// 创建抽象产品类
public abstract class Animal {
    public abstract void speak();
}
public abstract class Plant {
    public abstract void photosynthesis();
}
// 创建具体产品类
public class Dog extends Animal {
    @Override
    public void speak() {
        System.out.println("Dog says: Woof!");
    }
}
public class Cat extends Animal {
    @Override
    public void speak() {
        System.out.println("Cat says: Meow!");
    }
}
public class Tree extends Plant {
    @Override
    public void photosynthesis() {
        System.out.println("Tree is doing photosynthesis.");
    }
}
public class Flower extends Plant {
    @Override
    public void photosynthesis() {
        System.out.println("Flower is doing photosynthesis.");
    }
}
// 创建抽象工厂类
public abstract class AbstractFactory {
    public abstract Animal createAnimal();
    public abstract Plant createPlant();
}
// 创建具体工厂类
public class DogFactory extends AbstractFactory {
    @Override
    public Animal createAnimal() {
        return new Dog();
    }
    @Override
    public Plant createPlant() {
        return new Tree();
    }
}
public class CatFactory extends AbstractFactory {
    @Override
    public Animal createAnimal() {
        return new Cat();
    }
    @Override
    public Plant createPlant() {
        return new Flower();
    }
}
// 客户端代码
public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AbstractFactory dogFactory = new DogFactory();
        Animal dog = dogFactory.createAnimal();
        Plant tree = dogFactory.createPlant();
        dog.speak(); // 输出: Dog says: Woof!
        tree.photosynthesis(); // 输出: Tree is doing photosynthesis.
        AbstractFactory catFactory = new CatFactory();
        Animal cat = catFactory.createAnimal();
        Plant flower = catFactory.createPlant();
        cat.speak(); // 输出: Cat says: Meow!
        flower.photosynthesis(); // 输出: Flower is doing photosynthesis.
    }
}

在上面的示例中，Animal和Plant是抽象产品类，它们都有一个抽象方法。Dog、Cat、Tree和Flower是具体产品类，它们分别实现了Animal和Plant的抽象方法并输出相应的信息。AbstractFactory是一个抽象工厂类，它有两个抽象方法createAnimal()和createPlant()，分别用于创建Animal和Plant对象。DogFactory和CatFactory是具体工厂类，它们实现了AbstractFactory接口并分别创建Dog、Tree和Cat、Flower对象。在客户端代码Main中，我们使用DogFactory和CatFactory分别创建了Dog、Tree和Cat、Flower对象，并调用了它们的方法输出相应的信息。这样我们就使用了抽象工厂模式来创建不同类型的动物和植物对象。