swift概括 显示声明变量或常量的类型:在名字后面加冒号 let explicitDouble: Double = 70 类型转换与字符串拼接 let apple = 3 let label = "I have " let words = label + String(apple) + " apples" //String()进行强制类型转换 加号 + 拼接字符串 \ ( ) 让变量在字符串内得到替换 let num = 3 let words = "i have \(num) apples"