python udp收发很简单

python udp发送注意事项：

1、udp客户端不需绑定端口号

2、udp发送报文时，需考虑大、小字段，格式对齐等

3、udp 发送报文格式对齐，使用到struct.pack(format,data)，解包时使用struct.unpack(format,data)

struct支持的数据类型为：

format	ctype	python	字节数
x	pad byte	no value	1
c	char	string of length 1	1
b	signed char	integer	1
B	unsigned char	integer	1
?	_Bool	bool	1
h	short	integer	2
H	unsigned short	integer	2
i	int	integer	4
I	unsinged int	integer or long	4
l	long	integer	4
L	unsigned long	long	4
q	long long	long	8
Q	unsigned long long	long	8
f	float	float	4
d	double	float	8
s	char[]	string	1
p	char[]	string	1
P	void*	long

如下代码为第一种发送方式，通过struct.pack发送：

import struct
import threading

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import socket

import time
#继承thread
class threadStateSend(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self,threadID,threadName):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
        self.threadID = threadID
        self.threadName = threadName

    state1 = 10
    state2 = 20
    state3 = 30
    state4 = 40
    stateFormat = '>hl'+ ("h"*2)    #格式为大端，由高位到地位放置，类型分别为：short（2）、long(4)、short(2)、short(2)

    def run(self):
        SERVER_PORT = 8000  # 服务端端口号
        CLIENT_PORT = 8300  #客户端绑定的端口号
        client_sorcket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) #创建socket
        client_address = ("127.0.0.1", CLIENT_PORT)   #客户端绑定ip地址
        client_sorcket.bind(client_address)  # 客户端绑定的ip及端口,若不绑定,则随机取端口
        server_address = ("127.0.0.1", SERVER_PORT)   #服务端ip地址

        sendStateData = struct.pack(self.stateFormat,
                                    self.state1,
                                    self.state2,
                                    self.state3,
                                    self.state4)
        client_sorcket.sendto(sendStateData,server_address)

第二种发送udp方式：通过逐行读取csv的数据，并将每行数据组织为bytes发送。

代码如下：

'''
通过读取csv（csv：第一行为字段占字节数，其余行为发送的数据）发送数据信息
读取csv数据，周期性的发送每一行数据
'''
import threading

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import socket

import time

class threadSrDataSend(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self,threadID,threadName):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
        self.threadID = threadID
        self.threadName = threadName

    def run(self):
        SERVER_PORT = 8000  # 服务端端口号
        CLIENT_PORT = 8200  #客户端绑定的端口号
        client_sorcket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) #创建socket
        server_address = ("127.0.0.1", SERVER_PORT)   #服务端ip地址
        client_address = ("127.0.0.1", CLIENT_PORT)   #客户端绑定ip地址

        client_sorcket.bind(client_address)  # 客户端绑定的ip及端口,若不绑定,则随机取端口

        data = pd.read_csv("data.csv", header=None)  #dataFrame
        data = np.array(data)   #dataFrame转换为ndArray

        dataByte = data[0]          #获取每个字段对应的字节数
        dataSends = np.delete(data, 0, axis = 0)  #获取要发送的数据

        sendData2Target = b''         #发送的数据


        for sendData in dataSends:
            for sendDataValue, sendDataByte in zip(sendData,dataByte):
                sendDataValue = int(sendDataValue) #将int64类型转换为int类型
                #将此字段转换为固定字节数,按小端存放
                sendData2Target = sendData2Target + sendDataValue.to_bytes(sendDataByte,"big") 
            client_sorcket.sendto(sendData2Target, server_address)  #发送数据
            sendData2Target = b''   #将发送的数据置空
            time.sleep(2)           #间隔2s

sockt接收

import socket
import struct

PORT = 8000

receiveSocket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)   #创建socket
address = ("127.0.0.1", PORT)
receiveSocket.bind(address)     #绑定ip及端口

rcvDatas = []

while(True):
    print("等待接收msg")
    message, client = receiveSocket.recvfrom(1024)   #接收数据
    data = struct.unpack('>hL',message)              #接收的数据 ">：表示大端,h：unsign short 2个字节,L:unsign long 4个字节"
    print(data[0],data[1])
    rcvDatas.append(list(data))
    print(rcvDatas)