消息队列Kafka（二）与SpringBoot集成

一、SpringBoot 集成Kafka

1.1 导入spring-kafka依赖信息

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!-- kafkfa -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId>
        <artifactId>kafka-clients</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

1.2 在resources下创建文件application.yml。既可以当消费者也可以是生产者。

server:
  port: 9991
spring:
  application:
    name: kafka-demo
  kafka:
    bootstrap-servers: 192.168.200.130:9092
    producer:
      retries: 10
      key-serializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer
      value-serializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer
    consumer:
      group-id: ${spring.application.name}-test
      key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
      value-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer

1.3. 消息的生产者

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class HelloController {

    @Autowired
    private KafkaTemplate<String,String> kafkaTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/hello")
    public String hello(){
    // 第一个为topic名称，第二个是消息，中间也可以加一个key
        kafkaTemplate.send("chen-topic","嘻嘻嘻嘻嘻");
        return "ok";
    }
}

1.4 消费者

import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

@Component
public class HelloListener {
// 可以同时订阅多个topic
    @KafkaListener(topics = {"chen-topic","chen-topic2"})
    public void onMessage(String message){
        if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(message)){
            System.out.println(message);
        }

    }
}

二、消息的传递

2.1 传递消息为对象

目前springboot整合后的kafka，因为序列化器是StringSerializer，这个时候如果需要传递对象可以有两种方式。
方式一：可以自定义序列化器，对象类型众多，这种方式通用性不强。
方式二：可以把要传递的对象进行转json字符串，接收消息后再转为对象即可

• 发送消息

@GetMapping("/hello")
public String hello(){
    User user = new User();
    user.setUsername("xiaowang");
    user.setAge(18);

    kafkaTemplate.send("user-topic", JSON.toJSONString(user));

    return "ok";
}

• 接收消息

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.heima.kafka.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

@Component
public class HelloListener {

    @KafkaListener(topics = "user-topic")
    public void onMessage(String message){
        if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(message)){
            User user = JSON.parseObject(message, User.class);
            System.out.println(user);
        }

    }
}