【Ubuntu系统常用命令以及英文缩写】

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已于 2023-12-19 10:57:51 修改

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Ubuntu系统常用命令以及英文缩写

Ubuntu common commands

Listing all Ubuntu commands and their explanations would be quite extensive, as Ubuntu, like other Linux distributions, has a very large number of commands. However, I can provide you with a summary of some key categories and examples of commands within them:

System Information Commands:
- lsblk: List block devices on the system.
- lspci: List all PCI devices in the system.
- lshw: Show detailed hardware information about the machine.
- dmesg: Shows kernel messages since last boot.
- uname: Displays the Linux kernel release and architecture.
File Handling Commands:
- ls: Lists files and directories in the current directory.
- touch: Creates an empty file or alters a file’s timestamp.
- cp: Copies files or directories.
- mv: Moves or renames files or directories.
- rm: Removes files or directories.
- find: Finds files in a directory.
Package Installation Commands:
- apt-get install: Installs a package from the APT repository.
- apt-get update: Updates package lists from repositories.
- apt-get upgrade: Upgrades existing packages.
- dpkg -i: Installs Debian-based packages.
Commands for Downloading/Extracting Files:
- wget: Downloads files from the web.
- tar: Packages files into a single file or extracts them.
- unzip: Extracts files from a ZIP archive.
- zip: Compresses and archives files.
Commands for Removing Packages/Uninstalling Software:
- apt-get remove: Removes installation files while keeping configuration data.
- apt-get autoremove: Removes automatically installed packages.
- dpkg -P: Uninstalls specific configuration files.
- apt-get purge: Removes everything related to a package.
Networking Commands:
- ifconfig: Configures interface information.
- ip addr show: Shows IP addresses associated with an interface.
- ifup: Configures network interfaces.
Managing Processes and System Resources:
- killall: Kills all running processes.
- pkill: Kills processes by name.
- ps: Shows running processes.
- kill: Terminates specified processes.
User Account Management Commands:
- passwd: Changes a user’s password.
- adduser: Creates a new user account.
- deluser: Deletes an existing user account.

Each command has its own set of options and uses, which can be explored further using the man command in the terminal or by referring to various Linux command guides and documentation. For a more comprehensive list and details of these commands, you can refer to resources like Linux Handbook【10†source】, DEV Community【11†source】, and other Linux tutorials and guides.