MyBatis知识汇总（第二篇）步骤规范+CRUD基本操作汇总

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_46360532/article/details/115319989

前言：学习自https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1NE411Q7Nx?p=4

文章目录

一、准备阶段
二、CRUD实例部分
补充：使用万能的Map

一、准备阶段

1、首先准备数据库及数据

CREATE DATABASE mybatisstudy CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

USE mybatisstudy;

CREATE TABLE `user` (
  id INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
  `pwd` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY(id)
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO `user`(`name`, `pwd`)
VALUES ('zlc', '123456'), ('mike', '654321'), ('john', '678910');

2、导入MyBatis的相关依赖

pom.xml

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
    	<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    	<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
    	<version>3.5.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
    	<groupId>mysql</groupId>
    	<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    	<version>5.1.47</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.13</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <version>1.18.10</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

3、编写MyBatis核心配置文件

resource目录：mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!--核心配置文件-->
<configuration>
  <environments default="development">
    <environment id="development">
      <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
      <dataSource type="POOLED">
        <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatisstudy?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value=""/>
      </dataSource>
    </environment>
  </environments>
</configuration>

4、Utils部分：创建工具类，用于获取 SqlSessionFactory 与 SqlSession

MyBatisUtils 类

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class MyBatisUtils {

    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;

    static {
        //使用MyBatis第一步：获取SqlSessionFactory对象
        try {
            String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
            InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    //获取SqlSession
    public static SqlSession getSqlSession() {
        return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    }
}

5、POJO部分：编写实体类

User 类

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;

@Data
@ToString
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;
}

二、CRUD实例部分

CRUD标签中部分属性：

id
命名空间中唯一的标识符
接口中的方法名与映射文件中的SQL语句ID 一一对应
parameterType
传入SQL语句的参数类型。【万能的Map，可以多尝试使用】
resultType
SQL语句返回值类型。【完整的类名或者别名】

1、在Dao层，编写UserMapper接口

import com.zlc.pojo.User;
import java.util.List;

public interface UserMapper {

	//模糊查询
    List<User> getUserLike(String value);

    //查询全部用户
    List<User> getUserList();

    //根据id查询用户
    User getUserById(int id);

	//--Map方式
    User getUserById2(Map<String, Object> map);

    //插入一个新用户
    int addUser(User user);

	//--万能的Map
    int addUser2(Map<String, Object> map);

    //修改用户
    int updateUser(User user);

    //删除一个用户
    int deleteUser(int id);
}

2、在resources目录下，编写UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<!--namespace：绑定一个对应的Dao/Mapper接口-->
<mapper namespace="com.zlc.dao.UserMapper">

	<!--模糊查询-->
    <select id="getUserLike" resultType="com.zlc.pojo.User">
        SELECT * FROM user WHERE name LIKE "%"#{value}"%";
    </select>

    <!--id：接口方法的名字-->
    <select id="getUserList" resultType="com.zlc.pojo.User">
        SELECT * FROM user;
    </select>

    <select id="getUserById" parameterType="int" resultType="com.zlc.pojo.User">
        SELECT * FROM user WHERE id = #{id};
    </select>

	<select id="getUserById2" parameterType="map" resultType="com.zlc.pojo.User">
            SELECT * FROM user WHERE id = #{id} AND name = #{name};
    </select>

    <!--对象中的属性可直接取出-->
	<insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.zlc.pojo.User">
	     INSERT INTO user (id, name, pwd) VALUES (#{id}, #{name}, #{pwd});
	</insert>

	<!--Map方式-->
    <insert id="addUser2" parameterType="map">
            INSERT INTO user (id, name, pwd) VALUES (#{userId}, #{userName}, #{userPwd});
    </insert>

    <update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.zlc.pojo.User">
        UPDATE user SET name = #{name}, pwd = #{name} WHERE id = #{id}
    </update>

    <delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
        DELETE FROM user WHERE id = #{id};
    </delete>
</mapper>

3、将UserMapp.xml注册到MyBatis核心配置文件 mybatis-config.xml 中

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!--核心配置文件-->
<configuration>
  <environments default="development">
    <environment id="development">
      <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
      <dataSource type="POOLED">
        <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatisstudy?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value=""/>
      </dataSource>
    </environment>
  </environments>

  <!--注意：每一个Mapper.xml都需要在MyBatis核心配置文件中注册-->
  <mappers>
    <mapper resource="UserMapper.xml"/>
  </mappers>
</configuration>

4、在test/java目录下，编写测试类

注意事项：增删改需要提交事务！

import com.zlc.pojo.User;
import com.zlc.utils.MyBatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.List;

public class UserDaoTest {

	@Test
    public void getUserLike() {
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        List<User> userList = mapper.getUserLike("z");
        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
        sqlSession.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetUserList() {

        //获取SqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        //方式一：getMapper
        UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        List<User> userList = userMapper.getUserList();

        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }

        //关闭SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetUserById() {
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        User user = mapper.getUserById(1);
        System.out.println(user);
        sqlSession.close();
    }

	@Test
    public void testGetUserById2() {
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("id", 1);
        map.put("name", "zlc");
        User user = mapper.getUserById2(map);
        System.out.println(user);
        sqlSession.close();
    }

    //增删改需要提交事务
    @Test
    public void testAddUser() {
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        int res = mapper.addUser(new User(5, "zzz", "233333"));

        if (res > 0) {
            System.out.println("插入成功~");
        }

        //提交事务
        sqlSession.commit();

        sqlSession.close();
    }

	@Test
    public void testAddUser2() {
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);

        HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("userId", 6);
        map.put("userName", "aaa");
        map.put("userPwd", "222222");
        mapper.addUser2(map);
        sqlSession.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void testUpdateUser() {
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        mapper.updateUser(new User(5, "zbc", "123123"));

        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void testDeleteUser() {
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        mapper.deleteUser(5);

        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

模糊查询名字中有z的用户 getUserLike 函数：
在这里插入图片描述

查找所有用户 testGetUserList 函数：
在这里插入图片描述
查找指定ID的用户 testSelectUserById 函数：

增加新用户 testAddUser 函数：

更改用户信息 testUpdateUser 函数：

删除指定ID用户 testDeleteUser 函数：

补充：使用万能的Map

用Map方式，传递SQL中的参数，而不再传整个POJO

在接口方法中，参数直接传递Map；

User getUserById2(Map<String, Object> map);

编写sql语句的时候，需要传递参数类型，参数类型为map

<select id="getUserById2" parameterType="map" resultType="com.zlc.pojo.User">
        SELECT * FROM user WHERE id = #{id} AND name = #{name};
</select>

在使用方法的时候，Map的 key 为 sql中取的值即可，没有顺序要求！

HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("id", 1);
map.put("name", "zlc");
User user = mapper.getUserById2(map);

总结：如果参数过多，我们可以考虑直接使用Map实现，如果参数比较少，直接传递参数即可。