docker基本命令、常用命令

所有的命令查看官网

帮助命令

docker version
docker info 
docker --help

镜像命令

docker images -a 查看所有镜像的相关信息

docker images -q 	查看所有进行的iD

docker images -aq 查看所有镜像的相关信息和id


REPOSITORY        镜像的名字
TAG     			镜像的标记
IMAGE ID   	镜像的ID
CREATED				镜像创建的时间
SIZE 		进项的大小

在这里插入图片描述
查询search

docker search 镜像名
docker  search  镜像名 --fitler=stars=3000 搜索大于3000的结果

在这里插入图片描述
下载pull 这里的下载是使用的分布是进行下载的,这是docker的核心

docker image pull 镜像名  直接下载最新版last
docker image pull 镜像:指定版本号  

在这里插入图片描述
删除镜像 rmi

-f 强制删除镜像
docker rmi  -f 镜像名字
docker  rmi 镜像ID
docker  rmi $(docker images -aq) 进行批量删除 

在这里插入图片描述

容器命令

新建容器并启动

docker run [可选参数] image
参数
--name="Name" 容器的名字 tomcat01 tomcat02 ,用来区分容器
-d    			后台运行的方式
-p 			指定容器端口 
				-p 8080:8080
				-p ip:主机端口:容器端口
				-p 主机端口:容器端口
				-P 这样是随机生成一个映射端口号
-it 		使用交互模式运行,进入容器查看内容   /bin/bash生成控制台的位置
[root@Aw ~]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@767540f6cd26 /]# ls
bin  etc   lib	  lost+found  mnt  proc  run   srv  tmp  var
dev  home  lib64  media       opt  root  sbin  sys  usr


列出正在运行的容器

docker ps [参数]   		列出当运行的容器
-a  				列出当前正在运行的容器和历史运行过的容器
-n=?    			显示最近创建的容器
-q       			显示容器id


[root@Aw ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
[root@Aw ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS                        PORTS     NAMES
767540f6cd26   centos         "/bin/bash"   6 minutes ago    Exited (127) 15 seconds ago             vibrant_tereshkova
ff54f0ce0919   centos         "/bin/bash"   17 minutes ago   Exited (127) 16 minutes ago             zealous_williamson
507248bff779   d1165f221234   "/hello"      24 hours ago     Exited (0) 24 hours ago                 jolly_lovelace
[root@Aw ~]# docker ps -n=1
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED         STATUS                        PORTS     NAMES
767540f6cd26   centos    "/bin/bash"   6 minutes ago   Exited (127) 30 seconds ago             vibrant_tereshkova
[root@Aw ~]# docker ps -aq
767540f6cd26
ff54f0ce0919
507248bff779
[root@Aw ~]# 

退出容器

这种是针对 -it 交互模式进入的
ctrl +p+q 		容器不停止退出
exit 			容器停止退出

[root@Aw ~]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@e078139e63cd /]# [root@Aw ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
e078139e63cd   centos    "/bin/bash"   24 seconds ago   Up 23 seconds             thirsty_lumiere
[root@Aw ~]# 

删除容器

docker rm id			删除指定的id,不能删除正在运行的容器 使用-f可以强制删除
docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq)  		删除所有的容器
 

启动容器和停止容器


docker  start 容器id				启动容器
docker restart  					重新启动容器
docker stop  						停止容器
docker kill							强制停止容器

常用命令

后台启动容器

docker run -d image 后天启动容器
我们会发现docker ps 容器停止了
这是因为docker使用后台启动,就必须要有一个前台进程,docker 发现没有前台进程 就会自定停止

[root@Aw ~]# docker run -d centos
5e3dc6c4628e3fc18f5c186b67f6011adb1a2737ed00417aba537f1b60ad7f23
[root@Aw ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

查看日志

[root@Aw ~]# docker logs  --help

Usage:  docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER

Fetch the logs of a container

Options:
      --details        Show extra details provided to logs
  -f, --follow         Follow log output
      --since string   Show logs since timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or relative (e.g.
                       42m for 42 minutes)
  -n, --tail string    Number of lines to show from the end of the logs (default "all")
  -t, --timestamps     Show timestamps
      --until string   Show logs before a timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or relative
                       (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)


docker -tf 容器id   查看所有日志并带有时间戳
docker --tail Number 查看指定条数的日志

实例  这是一段shell脚本
[root@Aw ~]# docker run -d centos /bin/bash -c "while true ;do echo aw ; sleep 1; done"
[root@Aw ~]# docker logs -tf b274c28a9924
2021-04-18T04:14:46.351632437Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:47.355388721Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:48.357770006Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:49.360490349Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:50.362869181Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:51.365855734Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:52.368450757Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:53.370884547Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:54.373672693Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:55.376033429Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:56.378531595Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:57.381143022Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:58.384222871Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:59.386940297Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:00.389195589Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:01.391476367Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:02.394195008Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:03.397117402Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:04.399480362Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:05.401883573Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:06.404360126Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:07.407175114Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:08.410111589Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:09.412479867Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:10.414575936Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:11.417302132Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:12.419454619Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:13.422648391Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:14.424958981Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:15.427677704Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:16.430827748Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:17.433922810Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:18.436930658Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:19.438968905Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:20.441202842Z aw
[root@Aw ~]# docker logs --tail 10 b274c28a9924 
aw
aw
aw
aw
aw
aw
aw
aw
aw
aw

   

查看容器中进程

docker logs 容器id
UID                 PID                 PPID                C                   STIME               TTY                 TIME                CMD
root                4069                4046                0                   12:14               ?                   00:00:00            /bin/bash -c while true ;do echo aw ; sleep 1; done
root                4692                4069                0                   12:21               ?                  

查看容器的原数据
docker inspect 容器id

[root@Aw ~]# docker inspect b274c28a9924
[
    {
        "Id": "b274c28a992491979720774b7fd357fba06b6826e5b8148773cb114d8d07d3bc",
        "Created": "2021-04-18T04:14:46.023072497Z",
        "Path": "/bin/bash",
        "Args": [
            "-c",
            "while true ;do echo aw ; sleep 1; done"
        ],
        "State": {
            "Status": "running",
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 4069,
            "ExitCode": 0,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2021-04-18T04:14:46.351737524Z",
            "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
        },
        "Image": "sha256:300e315adb2f96afe5f0b2780b87f28ae95231fe3bdd1e16b9ba606307728f55",
        "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b274c28a992491979720774b7fd357fba06b6826e5b8148773cb114d8d07d3bc/resolv.conf",
        "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b274c28a992491979720774b7fd357fba06b6826e5b8148773cb114d8d07d3bc/hostname",
        "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b274c28a992491979720774b7fd357fba06b6826e5b8148773cb114d8d07d3bc/hosts",
        "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b274c28a992491979720774b7fd357fba06b6826e5b8148773cb114d8d07d3bc/b274c28a992491979720774b7fd357fba06b6826e5b8148773cb114d8d07d3bc-json.log",
        "Name": "/happy_moore",
        "RestartCount": 0,
        "Driver": "overlay2",
        "Platform": "linux",
        "MountLabel": "",
        "ProcessLabel": "",
        "AppArmorProfile": "",
        "ExecIDs": null,
        "HostConfig": {
            "Binds": null,
            "ContainerIDFile": "",
            "LogConfig": {
                "Type": "json-file",
                "Config": {}
            },
            "NetworkMode": "default",
            "PortBindings": {},
            "RestartPolicy": {
                "Name": "no",
                "MaximumRetryCount": 0
            },
            "AutoRemove": false,
            "VolumeDriver": "",
            "VolumesFrom": null,
            "CapAdd": null,
            "CapDrop": null,
            "CgroupnsMode": "host",
            "Dns": [],
            "DnsOptions": [],
            "DnsSearch": [],
            "ExtraHosts": null,
            "GroupAdd": null,
            "IpcMode": "private",
            "Cgroup": "",
            "Links": null,
            "OomScoreAdj": 0,
            "PidMode": "",
            "Privileged": false,
            "PublishAllPorts": false,
            "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
            "SecurityOpt": null,
            "UTSMode": "",
            "UsernsMode": "",
            "ShmSize": 67108864,
            "Runtime": "runc",
            "ConsoleSize": [
                0,
                0
            ],
            "Isolation": "",
            "CpuShares": 0,
            "Memory": 0,
            "NanoCpus": 0,
            "CgroupParent": "",
            "BlkioWeight": 0,
            "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
            "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
            "CpuPeriod": 0,
            "CpuQuota": 0,
            "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
            "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
            "CpusetCpus": "",
            "CpusetMems": "",
            "Devices": [],
            "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
            "DeviceRequests": null,
            "KernelMemory": 0,
            "KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
            "MemoryReservation": 0,
            "MemorySwap": 0,
            "MemorySwappiness": null,
            "OomKillDisable": false,
            "PidsLimit": null,
            "Ulimits": null,
            "CpuCount": 0,
            "CpuPercent": 0,
            "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
            "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
            "MaskedPaths": [
                "/proc/asound",
                "/proc/acpi",
                "/proc/kcore",
                "/proc/keys",
                "/proc/latency_stats",
                "/proc/timer_list",
                "/proc/timer_stats",
                "/proc/sched_debug",
                "/proc/scsi",
                "/sys/firmware"
            ],
            "ReadonlyPaths": [
                "/proc/bus",
                "/proc/fs",
                "/proc/irq",
                "/proc/sys",
                "/proc/sysrq-trigger"
            ]
        },
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Data": {
                "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f4c3c9f72f4f81517fb69ef23e8aa982de0bb5daed70a5d95fee1c4198dcc4fc-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/9dd374a5f5f23d029450fddf7015a8b79f47e00c0c6d85b43e744b24bc69938d/diff",
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f4c3c9f72f4f81517fb69ef23e8aa982de0bb5daed70a5d95fee1c4198dcc4fc/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f4c3c9f72f4f81517fb69ef23e8aa982de0bb5daed70a5d95fee1c4198dcc4fc/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f4c3c9f72f4f81517fb69ef23e8aa982de0bb5daed70a5d95fee1c4198dcc4fc/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
        "Mounts": [],
        "Config": {
            "Hostname": "b274c28a9924",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": false,
            "AttachStdout": false,
            "AttachStderr": false,
            "Tty": false,
            "OpenStdin": false,
            "StdinOnce": false,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "/bin/bash",
                "-c",
                "while true ;do echo aw ; sleep 1; done"
            ],
            "Image": "centos",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {
                "org.label-schema.build-date": "20201204",
                "org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
                "org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
                "org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
                "org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
            }
        },
        "NetworkSettings": {
            "Bridge": "",
            "SandboxID": "1263c70eb65ca2778aa774e22f20037fc238b2343a05cecd92d18396f0c318ff",
            "HairpinMode": false,
            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "Ports": {},
            "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/1263c70eb65c",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
            "EndpointID": "804b43bfbf70d8c6eac3d3741544959364b4c14cd44429c93459450e408a37f9",
            "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
            "IPPrefixLen": 16,
            "IPv6Gateway": "",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
            "Networks": {
                "bridge": {
                    "IPAMConfig": null,
                    "Links": null,
                    "Aliases": null,
                    "NetworkID": "6abb22393422a492483aed2ca2f78dd01126ddc10a5b6a559b2ad1f06f5e27f4",
                    "EndpointID": "804b43bfbf70d8c6eac3d3741544959364b4c14cd44429c93459450e408a37f9",
                    "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                    "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
                    "DriverOpts": null
                }
            }
        }
    }
]

进入当前容器

我们需要进入容器进行修改一些配置
docker exec -it 容器id  /bin/bash

[root@Aw ~]# docker exec -it b274c28a9924 /bin/bash
[root@b274c28a9924 /]# ls
bin  etc   lib	  lost+found  mnt  proc  run   srv  tmp  var
dev  home  lib64  media       opt  root  sbin  sys  usr
[root@b274c28a9924 /]# ps -ef
UID         PID   PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root          1      0  0 04:14 ?        00:00:01 /bin/bash -c while true ;do echo aw ; sleep 1; done
root       3374      0  0 05:10 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/bash
root       3406      1  0 05:11 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/coreutils --coreutils-prog-shebang=sleep /us
root       3407   3374  0 05:11 pts/0    00:00:00 ps -ef


方法二
docker attach 容器id

区别
docker exec 进入容器后开启一个新的终端,可以在里面更新操作(常用)
docker attach 进入容器正在执行的终端,不会开启一个新的终端




拷贝
将容器内的文件拷贝到主机上

docker cp  容器id:容器路径  
容器停止了仍然可以进行拷贝

[root@Aw ~]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@49893b2047d7 /]# ls
bin  etc   lib	  lost+found  mnt  proc  run   srv  tmp  var
dev  home  lib64  media       opt  root  sbin  sys  usr
[root@49893b2047d7 /]# cd /home/
[root@49893b2047d7 home]# touch test.java
[root@49893b2047d7 home]# ls
test.java
[root@49893b2047d7 home]# exit
exit
[root@Aw ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
[root@Aw ~]# cd /home/
[root@Aw home]# ls
aw  soft
[root@Aw home]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED              STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
49893b2047d7   centos    "/bin/bash"   About a minute ago   Exited (0) 33 seconds ago             vigorous_wescoff
[root@Aw home]# docker cp 49893b2047d7:/home/test.java /home
[root@Aw home]# ls
aw  soft  test.java


评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值