所有的命令查看官网
帮助命令
docker version
docker info
docker --help
镜像命令
docker images -a 查看所有镜像的相关信息
docker images -q 查看所有进行的iD
docker images -aq 查看所有镜像的相关信息和id
REPOSITORY 镜像的名字
TAG 镜像的标记
IMAGE ID 镜像的ID
CREATED 镜像创建的时间
SIZE 进项的大小
查询search
docker search 镜像名
docker search 镜像名 --fitler=stars=3000 搜索大于3000的结果
下载pull 这里的下载是使用的分布是进行下载的,这是docker的核心
docker image pull 镜像名 直接下载最新版last
docker image pull 镜像:指定版本号
删除镜像 rmi
-f 强制删除镜像
docker rmi -f 镜像名字
docker rmi 镜像ID
docker rmi $(docker images -aq) 进行批量删除
容器命令
新建容器并启动
docker run [可选参数] image
参数
--name="Name" 容器的名字 tomcat01 tomcat02 ,用来区分容器
-d 后台运行的方式
-p 指定容器端口
-p 8080:8080
-p ip:主机端口:容器端口
-p 主机端口:容器端口
-P 这样是随机生成一个映射端口号
-it 使用交互模式运行,进入容器查看内容 /bin/bash生成控制台的位置
[root@Aw ~]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@767540f6cd26 /]# ls
bin etc lib lost+found mnt proc run srv tmp var
dev home lib64 media opt root sbin sys usr
列出正在运行的容器
docker ps [参数] 列出当运行的容器
-a 列出当前正在运行的容器和历史运行过的容器
-n=? 显示最近创建的容器
-q 显示容器id
[root@Aw ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@Aw ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
767540f6cd26 centos "/bin/bash" 6 minutes ago Exited (127) 15 seconds ago vibrant_tereshkova
ff54f0ce0919 centos "/bin/bash" 17 minutes ago Exited (127) 16 minutes ago zealous_williamson
507248bff779 d1165f221234 "/hello" 24 hours ago Exited (0) 24 hours ago jolly_lovelace
[root@Aw ~]# docker ps -n=1
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
767540f6cd26 centos "/bin/bash" 6 minutes ago Exited (127) 30 seconds ago vibrant_tereshkova
[root@Aw ~]# docker ps -aq
767540f6cd26
ff54f0ce0919
507248bff779
[root@Aw ~]#
退出容器
这种是针对 -it 交互模式进入的
ctrl +p+q 容器不停止退出
exit 容器停止退出
[root@Aw ~]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@e078139e63cd /]# [root@Aw ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
e078139e63cd centos "/bin/bash" 24 seconds ago Up 23 seconds thirsty_lumiere
[root@Aw ~]#
删除容器
docker rm id 删除指定的id,不能删除正在运行的容器 使用-f可以强制删除
docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq) 删除所有的容器
启动容器和停止容器
docker start 容器id 启动容器
docker restart 重新启动容器
docker stop 停止容器
docker kill 强制停止容器
常用命令
后台启动容器
docker run -d image 后天启动容器
我们会发现docker ps 容器停止了
这是因为docker使用后台启动,就必须要有一个前台进程,docker 发现没有前台进程 就会自定停止
[root@Aw ~]# docker run -d centos
5e3dc6c4628e3fc18f5c186b67f6011adb1a2737ed00417aba537f1b60ad7f23
[root@Aw ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
查看日志
[root@Aw ~]# docker logs --help
Usage: docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER
Fetch the logs of a container
Options:
--details Show extra details provided to logs
-f, --follow Follow log output
--since string Show logs since timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or relative (e.g.
42m for 42 minutes)
-n, --tail string Number of lines to show from the end of the logs (default "all")
-t, --timestamps Show timestamps
--until string Show logs before a timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or relative
(e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)
docker -tf 容器id 查看所有日志并带有时间戳
docker --tail Number 查看指定条数的日志
实例 这是一段shell脚本
[root@Aw ~]# docker run -d centos /bin/bash -c "while true ;do echo aw ; sleep 1; done"
[root@Aw ~]# docker logs -tf b274c28a9924
2021-04-18T04:14:46.351632437Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:47.355388721Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:48.357770006Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:49.360490349Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:50.362869181Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:51.365855734Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:52.368450757Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:53.370884547Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:54.373672693Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:55.376033429Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:56.378531595Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:57.381143022Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:58.384222871Z aw
2021-04-18T04:14:59.386940297Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:00.389195589Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:01.391476367Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:02.394195008Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:03.397117402Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:04.399480362Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:05.401883573Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:06.404360126Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:07.407175114Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:08.410111589Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:09.412479867Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:10.414575936Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:11.417302132Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:12.419454619Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:13.422648391Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:14.424958981Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:15.427677704Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:16.430827748Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:17.433922810Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:18.436930658Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:19.438968905Z aw
2021-04-18T04:15:20.441202842Z aw
[root@Aw ~]# docker logs --tail 10 b274c28a9924
aw
aw
aw
aw
aw
aw
aw
aw
aw
aw
查看容器中进程
docker logs 容器id
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 4069 4046 0 12:14 ? 00:00:00 /bin/bash -c while true ;do echo aw ; sleep 1; done
root 4692 4069 0 12:21 ?
查看容器的原数据
docker inspect 容器id
[root@Aw ~]# docker inspect b274c28a9924
[
{
"Id": "b274c28a992491979720774b7fd357fba06b6826e5b8148773cb114d8d07d3bc",
"Created": "2021-04-18T04:14:46.023072497Z",
"Path": "/bin/bash",
"Args": [
"-c",
"while true ;do echo aw ; sleep 1; done"
],
"State": {
"Status": "running",
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
"OOMKilled": false,
"Dead": false,
"Pid": 4069,
"ExitCode": 0,
"Error": "",
"StartedAt": "2021-04-18T04:14:46.351737524Z",
"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
},
"Image": "sha256:300e315adb2f96afe5f0b2780b87f28ae95231fe3bdd1e16b9ba606307728f55",
"ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b274c28a992491979720774b7fd357fba06b6826e5b8148773cb114d8d07d3bc/resolv.conf",
"HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b274c28a992491979720774b7fd357fba06b6826e5b8148773cb114d8d07d3bc/hostname",
"HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b274c28a992491979720774b7fd357fba06b6826e5b8148773cb114d8d07d3bc/hosts",
"LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b274c28a992491979720774b7fd357fba06b6826e5b8148773cb114d8d07d3bc/b274c28a992491979720774b7fd357fba06b6826e5b8148773cb114d8d07d3bc-json.log",
"Name": "/happy_moore",
"RestartCount": 0,
"Driver": "overlay2",
"Platform": "linux",
"MountLabel": "",
"ProcessLabel": "",
"AppArmorProfile": "",
"ExecIDs": null,
"HostConfig": {
"Binds": null,
"ContainerIDFile": "",
"LogConfig": {
"Type": "json-file",
"Config": {}
},
"NetworkMode": "default",
"PortBindings": {},
"RestartPolicy": {
"Name": "no",
"MaximumRetryCount": 0
},
"AutoRemove": false,
"VolumeDriver": "",
"VolumesFrom": null,
"CapAdd": null,
"CapDrop": null,
"CgroupnsMode": "host",
"Dns": [],
"DnsOptions": [],
"DnsSearch": [],
"ExtraHosts": null,
"GroupAdd": null,
"IpcMode": "private",
"Cgroup": "",
"Links": null,
"OomScoreAdj": 0,
"PidMode": "",
"Privileged": false,
"PublishAllPorts": false,
"ReadonlyRootfs": false,
"SecurityOpt": null,
"UTSMode": "",
"UsernsMode": "",
"ShmSize": 67108864,
"Runtime": "runc",
"ConsoleSize": [
0,
0
],
"Isolation": "",
"CpuShares": 0,
"Memory": 0,
"NanoCpus": 0,
"CgroupParent": "",
"BlkioWeight": 0,
"BlkioWeightDevice": [],
"BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
"CpuPeriod": 0,
"CpuQuota": 0,
"CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
"CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
"CpusetCpus": "",
"CpusetMems": "",
"Devices": [],
"DeviceCgroupRules": null,
"DeviceRequests": null,
"KernelMemory": 0,
"KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
"MemoryReservation": 0,
"MemorySwap": 0,
"MemorySwappiness": null,
"OomKillDisable": false,
"PidsLimit": null,
"Ulimits": null,
"CpuCount": 0,
"CpuPercent": 0,
"IOMaximumIOps": 0,
"IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
"MaskedPaths": [
"/proc/asound",
"/proc/acpi",
"/proc/kcore",
"/proc/keys",
"/proc/latency_stats",
"/proc/timer_list",
"/proc/timer_stats",
"/proc/sched_debug",
"/proc/scsi",
"/sys/firmware"
],
"ReadonlyPaths": [
"/proc/bus",
"/proc/fs",
"/proc/irq",
"/proc/sys",
"/proc/sysrq-trigger"
]
},
"GraphDriver": {
"Data": {
"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f4c3c9f72f4f81517fb69ef23e8aa982de0bb5daed70a5d95fee1c4198dcc4fc-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/9dd374a5f5f23d029450fddf7015a8b79f47e00c0c6d85b43e744b24bc69938d/diff",
"MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f4c3c9f72f4f81517fb69ef23e8aa982de0bb5daed70a5d95fee1c4198dcc4fc/merged",
"UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f4c3c9f72f4f81517fb69ef23e8aa982de0bb5daed70a5d95fee1c4198dcc4fc/diff",
"WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f4c3c9f72f4f81517fb69ef23e8aa982de0bb5daed70a5d95fee1c4198dcc4fc/work"
},
"Name": "overlay2"
},
"Mounts": [],
"Config": {
"Hostname": "b274c28a9924",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": false,
"AttachStdout": false,
"AttachStderr": false,
"Tty": false,
"OpenStdin": false,
"StdinOnce": false,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
],
"Cmd": [
"/bin/bash",
"-c",
"while true ;do echo aw ; sleep 1; done"
],
"Image": "centos",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": "",
"Entrypoint": null,
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": {
"org.label-schema.build-date": "20201204",
"org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
"org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
"org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
"org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
}
},
"NetworkSettings": {
"Bridge": "",
"SandboxID": "1263c70eb65ca2778aa774e22f20037fc238b2343a05cecd92d18396f0c318ff",
"HairpinMode": false,
"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
"LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"Ports": {},
"SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/1263c70eb65c",
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
"EndpointID": "804b43bfbf70d8c6eac3d3741544959364b4c14cd44429c93459450e408a37f9",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
"Networks": {
"bridge": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": null,
"NetworkID": "6abb22393422a492483aed2ca2f78dd01126ddc10a5b6a559b2ad1f06f5e27f4",
"EndpointID": "804b43bfbf70d8c6eac3d3741544959364b4c14cd44429c93459450e408a37f9",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
"DriverOpts": null
}
}
}
}
]
进入当前容器
我们需要进入容器进行修改一些配置
docker exec -it 容器id /bin/bash
[root@Aw ~]# docker exec -it b274c28a9924 /bin/bash
[root@b274c28a9924 /]# ls
bin etc lib lost+found mnt proc run srv tmp var
dev home lib64 media opt root sbin sys usr
[root@b274c28a9924 /]# ps -ef
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 1 0 0 04:14 ? 00:00:01 /bin/bash -c while true ;do echo aw ; sleep 1; done
root 3374 0 0 05:10 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/bash
root 3406 1 0 05:11 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/coreutils --coreutils-prog-shebang=sleep /us
root 3407 3374 0 05:11 pts/0 00:00:00 ps -ef
方法二
docker attach 容器id
区别
docker exec 进入容器后开启一个新的终端,可以在里面更新操作(常用)
docker attach 进入容器正在执行的终端,不会开启一个新的终端
拷贝
将容器内的文件拷贝到主机上
docker cp 容器id:容器路径
容器停止了仍然可以进行拷贝
[root@Aw ~]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@49893b2047d7 /]# ls
bin etc lib lost+found mnt proc run srv tmp var
dev home lib64 media opt root sbin sys usr
[root@49893b2047d7 /]# cd /home/
[root@49893b2047d7 home]# touch test.java
[root@49893b2047d7 home]# ls
test.java
[root@49893b2047d7 home]# exit
exit
[root@Aw ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@Aw ~]# cd /home/
[root@Aw home]# ls
aw soft
[root@Aw home]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
49893b2047d7 centos "/bin/bash" About a minute ago Exited (0) 33 seconds ago vigorous_wescoff
[root@Aw home]# docker cp 49893b2047d7:/home/test.java /home
[root@Aw home]# ls
aw soft test.java