2020 我的C++学习之路 C++PrimerPlus第六章课后习题

以C++ Primer Plus为参考书籍，自身归纳知识点，加深记忆。仅供参考，DEV C++已通过编译运行
。
练习1

#include<iostream>
#include<cctype>

int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	char ch;
	cout << "Type some sentences(@ to quit):" << endl;

	cin.get(ch);
	while (ch != '@')
	{
		if (isdigit(ch));//除外数字，倘若保留只需给下方套一个else
		
		else if (isalpha(ch))//处理非数字非字母字符
		{
			if (isupper(ch))
				cout << char(tolower(ch));//必须要用char()强制转换,否则会输出对应的整型
			else
				cout << char(toupper(ch));
		}
		else
			cout << ch;
		
		cin.get(ch);
	}

	return 0;
}

练习2

#include<iostream>
#include<array>
const int ArSize = 10;
int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	array<double, ArSize>donation;
	int count = 0;//实际数组数量计数器
	int num = 0;//大于均值计数器
	cout << "Enter double_type number into an array: " << endl;
	cout << "donation[1] : ";
	
	while (count < ArSize && cin >> donation[count])//cin>>将正确读入目标类型值，因此在输入非数字的情况下会返回false
	{
		++count;
		if( count < ArSize)
			cout << "donation[" << count + 1 << "] : ";
	}

	double sum, average;
	sum = 0;
	for (int cnt = 0; cnt < count; ++cnt)//计算平均值，count实际值可能会小于ArSize。
	{
		sum += donation[cnt];
	}
	average = sum / count;

	for (int cnt = 0; cnt < count; ++cnt)//找出大于均值的数
	{
		if (donation[cnt] > average)
			++num;
	}

	cout << "There are " << count << " numbers in donation_array" << endl;
	cout << "The average of donation_array is " << average << endl;
	cout << "There are " << num << " number over average." << endl;

	return 0;
}

练习3

#include<iostream>

int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	cout << "Please enter one of thr following choices: " << endl;
	cout << "c)  carnivore         p)  pianist" << endl;
	cout << "t)  tree              g)  game" << endl;

	char ch;

	do
	{
		cin >> ch;
		switch (ch)
		{
		case 'c':cout << "carnivore";
			break;
		case 'p':cout << "pianist";
			break;
		case 't':cout << "A map is a tree";
			break;
		case 'g':cout << "game";
			break;
		default: cout << "Please enter a c,p,t or g:";
		}
	} while ((ch != 'c') && (ch != 'p') && (ch != 't') && (ch != 'g'));

	return 0;
}

练习4

#include<iostream>

const int strsize = 30;
const int member = 5;

struct bop
{
	char fullname[strsize];
	char title[strsize];
	char bopname[strsize];
	int preference;
};

int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	cout << "Benevolent Order of Programmers Report" << endl;
	cout << "a.display by name      b.display by title" << endl;
	cout << "c.display by bopname   d.display by preference" << endl;
	cout << "q.quit" << endl;

	bop Bop[member] =
	{
		{"Wimp Macho","Wm","WMWM",0},
		{"Raki Rhodes","Junior Programmer","RRRR",1},
		{"Celia Laiter","Senior Programmer","MIPS",2},
		{"Hoppy Hipman","Analyst Trainee","HHHH",1},
		{"Pat hand","Student","LOOPY",2}
	};

	char ch;
	int cnt;
	cout << "Enter your choice: ";
	do
	{
		cin >> ch;
		switch (ch)
		{
			case 'a':
				for (cnt = 0; cnt < member; ++cnt)
					cout << Bop[cnt].fullname << endl;
				break;
			case 'b':
				for (cnt = 0; cnt < member; ++cnt)
					cout << Bop[cnt].title << endl;
				break;
			case 'c':
				for (cnt = 0; cnt < member; ++cnt)
					cout << Bop[cnt].bopname << endl;
				break;
			case 'd':
				for (cnt = 0; cnt < member; ++cnt)
				{
					if (Bop[cnt].preference == 0)
						cout << Bop[cnt].fullname << endl;
					else if (Bop[cnt].preference == 1)
						cout << Bop[cnt].title << endl;
					else
						cout << Bop[cnt].bopname << endl;
				}
				break;
		}
		if (ch != 'q')
			cout << "Next choice: ";
		else
			cout << "Bye!" << endl;
	} while (ch != 'q');

		return 0;
}

练习5

#include<iostream>
const double tax1 = 0.1;
const double tax2 = 0.15;
const double tax3 = 0.2;

int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	double income, tax;
	cout << "Please input your income: ";

	while (cin >> income && income >= 0)
	{
		if (income > 35000)
			tax = (income - 35000) * tax3 + 20000 * tax2 + 10000 * tax1;
		else if (income > 15000)
			tax = (income - 15000) * tax2 + 10000 * tax1;
		else if (income > 5000)
			tax = (income - 5000) * tax1;
		else
			tax = 0;
		cout << "Your personal tax is : " << tax << endl;
		cout << "Please input your income: ";
	}
	
	return 0;
}

练习6

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
const double max = 10000;

struct Donation
{
	string name;
	double money;
};

int main()
{
	int num, gpnum, pnum;
	gpnum = pnum = 0;
	cout << "Enter the number of donation: ";
	cin >> num;
	cin.get();
	Donation* donation = new Donation[num];

	for (int cnt = 0; cnt < num; ++cnt)
	{
		cout << "Enter the name: ";
		getline(cin, donation[cnt].name);
		cout << "Enter the money: ";
		cin >> donation[cnt].money;
		cin.get();
	}
	cout << "Input complete!" << endl;
	cout << endl;
	cout << "Grand Patrons:" << endl;
	for (int cnt = 0; cnt < num; ++cnt)
	{
		if (donation[cnt].money >= max)
		{
			cout << donation[cnt].name << "  ";
			cout << donation[cnt].money << endl;
			++gpnum;
		}
	}
	if (gpnum == 0)
		cout << "none." << endl;
	cout << "Patrons: " << endl;;
	for (int cnt = 0; cnt < num; ++cnt)
	{
		
		if (donation[cnt].money < max)
		{
			cout << donation[cnt].name << "  ";
			cout << donation[cnt].money << endl;
			++pnum;
		}
		
	}
	if (pnum == 0)
		cout << "none." << endl;
	delete[]donation;

	return 0;
}

练习7

#include<iostream>
#include<cctype>
#include<cstring>//string比较好一些

const int ArSize = 30;

int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	cout << "Enter words(q to quit):" << endl;
	char word[ArSize];
	int vowels, consonants, others;
	vowels = consonants = others = 0;
	cin >> word;
	while (strcmp(word,"q"))//C语言形式比较，两个都为字符串，string对象则只需要逻辑运算
	{
		if (isalpha(word[0]))
		{
			switch (word[0])
			{
				case 'a':
				case 'A': ++vowels;
					break;
				case 'e':
				case 'E':++vowels;
					break;
				case 'i':
				case 'I':++vowels;
					break;
				case 'o':
				case 'O':++vowels;
					break;
				case 'u':
				case 'U':++vowels;
					break;
				default:++consonants;
					break;
			}


		}
		else
			++others;
		cin >> word;//切勿忘记在没有接收到q指令循环还在继续，需要一个继续键入的过程
	}

	cout << vowels << " words beginning with vowels" << endl;
	cout << consonants << " words beginning with consonants" << endl;
	cout << others << " others" << endl;

	return 0;
}

练习8

#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<cstdlib>

const int SIZE = 30;

int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	char filename[SIZE];
	ifstream inFile;//TXT文件需与cpp文件在同一个根目录下
	cout << "Enter name of file: ";
	cin.getline(filename, SIZE);
	inFile.open(filename);
	if (!inFile.is_open())
	{
		cout << "Couldn't open the file " << filename << endl;
		cout << "Program terminating." << endl;
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	char ch;
	int count = 0;

	inFile >> ch;//除去空格
	//inFile.get(ch);//包括空格
	while (inFile.good())
	{
		++count;
		cout << ch;
		inFile >> ch;
		//inFile.get(ch);
	}
	if (inFile.eof())
		cout << "End of file reached." << endl;
	else if (inFile.fail())
		cout << "Input termainated by data mismatch." << endl;
	else
		cout << "Input termainated by unknowed error." << endl;
	if (count == 0)
		cout << "No data processed." << endl;
	else
		cout << count << " chars in this txt." << endl;

	inFile.close();
	return 0;
}

练习9

#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<string>

using namespace std;
const int SIZE = 30;
const double max = 10000;

struct Donation
{
	string name;
	double money;
};

int main()
{
	char filename[SIZE];
	ifstream inFile;//TXT文件需与cpp文件在同一个根目录下
	cout << "Enter name of file: ";
	cin.getline(filename, SIZE);
	inFile.open(filename);
	if (!inFile.is_open())
	{
		cout << "Couldn't open the file " << filename << endl;
		cout << "Program terminating." << endl;
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	if (inFile.eof())
		cout << "End of file reached." << endl;
	else if (inFile.fail())
		cout << "Input termainated by data mismatch." << endl;
	else
		cout << "Input termainated by unknowed error." << endl;

	int num,gpnum, pnum;
	gpnum = pnum = 0;
	inFile >> num;
	Donation* donation = new Donation[num];

	for (int cnt = 0; cnt < num; ++cnt)
	{
		//inFile.ignore();
		inFile.get();
		getline(inFile, donation[cnt].name);
		inFile >> donation[cnt].money;
	}
	cout << "Input complete!" << endl;
	cout << endl;
	cout << "Grand Patrons:" << endl;
	for (int cnt = 0; cnt < num; ++cnt)
	{
		if (donation[cnt].money >= max)
		{
			cout << donation[cnt].name << "  ";
			cout << donation[cnt].money << endl;
			++gpnum;
		}
	}
	if (gpnum == 0)
		cout << "none." << endl;
	cout << "Patrons: " << endl;;
	for (int cnt = 0; cnt < num; ++cnt)
	{

		if (donation[cnt].money < max)
		{
			cout << donation[cnt].name << "  ";
			cout << donation[cnt].money << endl;
			++pnum;
		}

	}
	if (pnum == 0)
		cout << "none." << endl;
	delete[]donation;
	inFile.close();

	return 0;
}