python笔记基础--用户输入输出和while循环（4）-CSDN博客

height = input("你多重？")
height = int(height)
if height >= 48:
print("\nYou're tall enough to ride!")
else:
print("\nYou'll be able to ride when you're a little older.")

你多重？50

You're tall enough to ride!

1.3求模运算符%

代码

结果

number = input("输入一个数字：")
number = int(number)
if number%2 == 0:
print(f"\nThe number {number} is even.")
else:
print(f"\nThe number {number} is odd.")

输入一个数字：7

The number 7 is odd.

2.输出

输出不换行	print("Hello",end='') print("World",end='')	HelloWorld
空格\t	print("Hello\tWorld")	Hello[空格*8]World

二.循环while

for循环：针对于集合中的每个元素都执行一个代码块。

while循环:不断运行，直到指定的条件下满足为止。

1.使用while循环

代码

结果

c_number = 1
while c_number <= 4:
print(c_number)
c_number += 1

2.退出

2.1让用户选择何时退出

定义一个退出值，如果用户输入的不是这个值，程序就接着运行。

代码

结果

promet = "\nYes."
promet += "\nNo."
message = ""
while message != 'No':
message = input(promet)
print(message)

Yes.

No.no

Yes.

No.No

进程已结束,退出代码0

2.2使用标志

代码

结果

prompt = "\nYES"
prompt += "\nNO"
active = True
while active:
    message = input(prompt)
    if message == 'quit':
        active = False
    else:
        print(message)

YES

NOquit

进程已结束,退出代码0

2.3 break退出循环

退出所有循环

代码

结果

prompt = "\nYES"
prompt += "\nNO"
while True:
    city = input(prompt)
    if city == 'quit':
        break
    else:
        print(f"{city.title()}")

YES

NOquit

进程已结束,退出代码0

2.4 continue

退出本次循环

代码

结果

current_number = 0
while current_number < 5:
    current_number += 1
    if current_number % 2 == 0:
        continue
    print(current_number)

2.5避免无限循环

如果陷入了无限循环中，Ctrl+C可以关闭显示程序输出的终端窗口。

3.使用while循环处理列表和字典

3.1在列表之间移动元素

在验证用户的同时将其从未验证用户列表中提取出来，再将其加入另一个已验证用户列表中。

#首先，创建一个待验证用户列表和一个用于存储已验证用户的空列表
unconfirmed_users = ['alice','brian','candace']
confirmed_users = []

#验证每个用户，直到没有未验证用户为止
#将每个经过验证的用户都移到已验证用户列表中
while unconfirmed_users:
    current_user = unconfirmed_users.pop()
    print(f"Verifying user:{current_user.title()}")
    confirmed_users.append(current_user)
#显示所有已验证的用户
print("\nThe following users have been confirmed:")
for confirmed_user in confirmed_users:
    print(confirmed_user.title())

Verifying user:Candace

Verifying user:Brian

Verifying user:Alice

The following users have been confirmed:

Candace

Brian

Alice

3.2删除为特定值的所有列表元素remove()

pets = ['dog','cat','rabbit']
print(f"原来有的动物：{pets}")

#删除“cat"
while 'cat' in pets:
pets.remove('cat')
print(f"删除'cat'的结果：{pets}")

原来有的动物：['dog', 'cat', 'rabbit']

删除'cat'的结果：['dog', 'rabbit']

3.3使用用户输入来填充字典

responses = {}

#设置一个标志，指出调查是否正确
polling_active = True
while polling_active:
    #提示输入被调查者的名字和回答
    name = input("\nWhat is your name?")
    response = input("Which mountain would you like to climb someday?")
    #将回答存储在字典中
    responses[name]=response
    #看是否还有人要参与调查问卷
    repeat = input("Would you like to let another person respond?(yes/no)")
    if repeat == 'no':
        polling_active = False
#调查结果，显示结果
print("\n---poll results---")
for name,response in responses.items():
    print(f"{name} would like to climb {response}.")