深度学习故障诊断实战 | 数据预处理之创建Dataloader数据集

前言

本期给大家分享介绍如何用Dataloader创建数据集

背景

示例代码

from torch import nn
import torch
import os
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import time
import torch.functional as F
from sklearn.manifold import TSNE
from sklearn.decomposition import PCA
#####----绘制混淆矩阵图----#
from sklearn.metrics import confusion_matrix
from matplotlib.pylab import style
# style.use('ggplot')    
from matplotlib import rcParams

config = {
    "font.family": 'serif', # 衬线字体
    "font.size": 10, # 相当于小四大小
    "font.serif": ['SimSun'], # 宋体
    "mathtext.fontset": 'stix', # matplotlib渲染数学字体时使用的字体，和Times New Roman差别不大
    'axes.unicode_minus': False # 处理负号，即-号
}
rcParams.update(config)

加载数据、创建数据集

def data_read(file_path):
    """
    :fun: 读取cwru mat格式数据
    :param file_path: .mat文件路径  eg: r'D:.../01_示例数据/1750_12k_0.021-OuterRace3.mat'
    :return accl_data: 读取到的加速度数据
    """
    import scipy.io as scio
    data = scio.loadmat(file_path)  # 加载mat数据
    data_key_list = list(data.keys())  # mat文件为字典类型，将key变为list类型
    accl_key = data_key_list[3]  # mat文件为字典类型，其加速度列在key_list的第4个
    accl_data = data[accl_key].flatten()  # 获取加速度信号,并展成1维数据
    accl_data = (accl_data-np.mean(accl_data))/np.std(accl_data) #Z-score标准化数据集
    return accl_data

def data_spilt(data, num_2_generate=20, each_subdata_length=1024):
    """
    :Desription:  将数据分割成n个小块。输入数据data采样点数是400000，分成100个子样本数据，每个子样本数据就是4000个数据点
    :param data:  要输入的数据
    :param num_2_generate:  要生成的子样本数量
    :param each_subdata_length: 每个子样本长度
    :return spilt_datalist: 分割好的数据，类型为2维list
    """
    data = list(data)
    total_length = len(data)
    start_num = 0   # 子样本起始值
    end_num = each_subdata_length  # 子样本终止值
    step_length = int((total_length - each_subdata_length) / (num_2_generate - 1))  # step_length: 向前移动长度

    i = 1
    spilt_datalist = []
    while i <= num_2_generate:
        each_data = data[start_num: end_num]
        each_data = (each_data-np.mean(each_data))/(np.std(each_data)) # 做Z-score归一化
        spilt_datalist.append(each_data)
        start_num = 0 + i * step_length;
        end_num = each_subdata_length + i * step_length
        i = i + 1
    spilt_data_arr = np.array(spilt_datalist)
    return spilt_data_arr

划分子样本

data_base_dir = r'D:\22-学习记录\01_自己学习积累\03_基于CNN的轴承故障诊断(4分类)\dataset/train_data'
fault_type_list = os.listdir(data_base_dir)
file_path_list = list()
train_data = []
train_label = []
for fault_type in fault_type_list:
    file_name_list = os.listdir(os.path.join(data_base_dir, fault_type))
    for file_name in file_name_list:
        print(file_name)
        num_2_generate = 60   # 每个mat文件生成60个子样本
        if 'Normal' in file_name:
            num_2_generate = num_2_generate*6  # Normal状态，每个mat文件生成360个子样本
        file_path = os.path.join(data_base_dir, fault_type, file_name)
        fault_type2fault_label = {'BF':'0', 'OF':'1', 'IF':'2', 'Normal':'3'}  
        ##=========获取数据===========##
        data = data_read(file_path)   # 读取单个mat数据
        ##======基于滑动窗方法划分获取更多子样本数据======##
        sub_data_list = data_spilt(data=data, num_2_generate=num_2_generate)
        train_label.extend(list(fault_type2fault_label[fault_type]*len(sub_data_list)))  # 训练标签 eg: ['0', '0', ...,'3',]
        train_data.extend(sub_data_list)   # 训练数据

输出结果：

1730_12k_0.007-Ball.mat
1730_12k_0.014-Ball.mat
1730_12k_0.021-Ball.mat
1730_48k_0.007-Ball.mat
1730_48k_0.014-Ball.mat
1730_48k_0.021-Ball.mat
...
1772_12k_0.021-OuterRace3.mat
1772_48k_0.007-OuterRace3.mat
1772_48k_0.014-OuterRace6.mat
1772_48k_0.021-OuterRace3.mat

data_base_dir = r'D:\22-学习记录\01_自己学习积累\03_基于CNN的轴承故障诊断(4分类)/dataset/test_data'
fault_type_list = os.listdir(data_base_dir)
file_path_list = list()
test_data = []
test_label = []
for fault_type in fault_type_list:
    file_name_list = os.listdir(os.path.join(data_base_dir, fault_type))
    for file_name in file_name_list:
        print(file_name)
        num_2_generate = 30          # 每个mat文件生成30个子样本 
        if 'Normal' in file_name:
            num_2_generate = num_2_generate*6   # Normal状态，每个mat文件生成180个子样本
        file_path = os.path.join(data_base_dir, fault_type, file_name)
        fault_type2fault_label = {'BF':'0', 'OF':'1', 'IF':'2', 'Normal':'3'}
        ##=========获取数据===========##
        data = data_read(file_path)   # 读取单个mat数据
        ##======基于滑动窗方法划分获取更多子样本数据======##
        sub_data_list = data_spilt(data=data, num_2_generate=num_2_generate)
        test_label.extend(list(fault_type2fault_label[fault_type]*len(sub_data_list)))   # 测试标签 eg: ['0', '0', ...,'3',]
        test_data.extend(sub_data_list)  # 测试数据

输出结果：

1797_12k_0.007-Ball.mat
1797_12k_0.014-Ball.mat
1797_12k_0.021-Ball.mat
1797_48k_0.007-Ball.mat
...
1797_12k_0.021-OuterRace3.mat
1797_48k_0.007-OuterRace3.mat
1797_48k_0.014-OuterRace6.mat
1797_48k_0.021-OuterRace3.mat

创建dataloader

from torch.utils.data import DataLoader
from torch.utils.data import TensorDataset

train_data = np.array(train_data)  #训练数据
train_label = np.array((train_label), dtype=int)  #训练标签 array([0, 0, 0, ..., 1, 1, 1])

train_x = torch.from_numpy(train_data).type(torch.float32)  ##torch.Size([2880, 1024])
train_y = torch.from_numpy(train_label).type(torch.LongTensor) ##torch.Size([2880])
train_x = torch.unsqueeze(train_x, dim=1) ##扩展成3维 torch.Size([2880, 1, 1024])

test_data = np.array(test_data)  #测试数据
test_label = np.array((test_label), dtype=int)  #测试标签array([0, 0, 0, ..., 1, 1, 1])

test_x = torch.from_numpy(test_data).type(torch.float32)  ##torch.Size([720, 1024])
test_y = torch.from_numpy(test_label).type(torch.LongTensor)  ##torch.Size([720])
test_x = torch.unsqueeze(test_x, dim=1) ##torch.Size([720, 1, 1024])

看看train_data的维度

train_data.shape

# 输出结果
(4320, 1024)

#创建dataset
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
train_ds = TensorDataset(train_x, train_y)
train_ds,valid_ds = train_test_split(train_ds, test_size = 0.2,random_state = 42) #将训练集分隔维训练集和测试集，分割比例5:1
test_ds = TensorDataset(test_x, test_y)

#创建dataloader
batch_size = 64   # 批次大小
train_dl = DataLoader(dataset = train_ds, batch_size = batch_size, shuffle=True)  #shuffle是进行乱序
valid_dl = DataLoader(dataset = valid_ds, shuffle=True, batch_size = batch_size)
test_dl = DataLoader(dataset = test_ds, batch_size = batch_size, shuffle=False)

for i, (imgs, labels) in enumerate(train_dl):
    print(i, imgs, labels)

## 输出结果
0 
tensor([[[-0.3515,  0.3796,  1.1076,  ..., -1.5466, -1.2220, -0.3242]],

        [[ 1.3776,  1.4640,  0.7423,  ...,  0.1370,  0.3632,  0.6326]],

        [[-0.4793, -0.6978, -0.5840,  ..., -0.6917, -1.3257, -1.4273]],

        ...,

        [[-0.2387, -0.5382, -1.1767,  ...,  0.8166,  0.7749, -2.3905]],

        [[-0.9560, -1.3880, -1.7271,  ...,  0.4720,  0.2392,  0.1732]],

        [[ 0.2588,  0.0780, -0.5720,  ..., -0.0647,  0.4554,  1.2545]]]) 
 tensor([3, 3, 3, 1, 2, 3, 3, 0, 2, 3, 2, 1, 3, 2, 2, 2, 3, 2, 2, 0, 2, 1, 2, 2,
 1, 2, 3, 3, 1, 2, 1, 0, 2, 1, 3, 0, 1, 3, 1, 3, 3, 1, 1, 3, 2, 0, 0, 1,
 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 3, 1, 3, 3, 0, 2, 2, 0, 3])
 ...