Docker镜像创建的三种方式详解——dockerfile制作apache镜像

基于已有的镜像容器进行创建

[root@localhost opt]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
19ed00c77db9        centos:7            "/bin/bash"              About a minute ago   Up About a minute                       quizzical_northcutt
fd562f234cca        nginx:latest        "/docker-entrypoint.…"   41 minutes ago       Up 5 minutes        80/tcp              cranky_agnesi

[root@localhost opt]# docker commit -m "new" -a "docker" 19ed00c77db9 docker:test
sha256:13d5c0ea9bc703a1923f0d2968d4602f85a40eff98a3f5ce7436046c8bee46f9
[root@localhost opt]# docker images | grep docker
docker                test                13d5c0ea9bc7        12 seconds ago      203MB

基于本地模板创建

准备模板包debian-7.0-x86-minimal.tar.gz
[root@localhost opt]# cat debian-7.0-x86-minimal.tar.gz | docker import - docker:new
sha256:f924115851b55619925de9bdcb88a65640a13c7a056b7eb0ee2d245c428de837
[root@localhost opt]# docker images | grep new
docker                new                 f924115851b5        10 seconds ago      215MB

基于Dockerfile创建

[root@localhost opt]# mkdir apache
[root@localhost opt]# cd apache
[root@localhost apache]# vim Dockerfile
FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER alis
RUN yum -y update
RUN yum -y install httpd
EXPOSE 80
ADD index.html /var/www/html/index.html
ADD run.sh /run.sh
RUN chmod 755 /run.sh
CMD ["/run.sh"]


[root@localhost apache]# vim run.sh
#!/bin/bash
rm -rf /run/httpd/*
exec /usr/sbin/apachectl -D FOREGROUND


[root@localhost apache]# echo "this is web test" > index.html

上面的文件准备好后，生成镜像

[root@localhost apache]# docker build -t httpd:centos .
新镜像运行容器
先看一下
[root@localhost apache]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
19ed00c77db9        centos:7            "/bin/bash"              17 minutes ago      Up 17 minutes                           quizzical_northcutt
fd562f234cca        nginx:latest        "/docker-entrypoint.…"   57 minutes ago      Up 21 minutes       80/tcp              cranky_agnesi
[root@localhost apache]# docker images
REPOSITORY            TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED              SIZE
httpd                 centos              8ec76c3d831d        About a minute ago   419MB
docker                new                 f924115851b5        10 minutes ago       215MB
docker                test                13d5c0ea9bc7        12 minutes ago       203MB
nginx                 web                 21d257122e0c        44 minutes ago       131MB
nginx                 latest              c39a868aad02        3 days ago           133MB
centos                7                   7e6257c9f8d8        3 months ago         203MB
paigeeworld/centos7   latest              4cbe7aa905e7        6 years ago          382MB
运行
[root@localhost apache]# docker run -d -p 1216:80 httpd:centos
be0fdd9831fe2d8297df535d163eb94f1a7d3e6a5e11e7758cc5b57d7814abc2
看一下，容器运行了
[root@localhost apache]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                  NAMES
be0fdd9831fe        httpd:centos        "/run.sh"                4 seconds ago       Up 3 seconds        0.0.0.0:1216->80/tcp   practical_poincare
19ed00c77db9        centos:7            "/bin/bash"              18 minutes ago      Up 18 minutes                              quizzical_northcutt
fd562f234cca        nginx:latest        "/docker-entrypoint.…"   58 minutes ago      Up 22 minutes       80/tcp                 cranky_agnesi